Modeling and Simulation Support for System of Systems Engineering Applications E-Book

• Herausgeber: John Wiley & Sons
• Kategorie: Wissenschaft und neue Technologien
• Sprache: Englisch

Seitenzahl: 1203

Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2015

Beschreibung

“...a much-needed handbook with contributions from well-chosen practitioners. A primary accomplishment is to provide guidance for those involved in modeling and simulation in support of Systems of Systems development, more particularly guidance that draws on well-conceived academic research to define concepts and terms, that identifies primary challenges for developers, and that suggests fruitful approaches grounded in theory and successful examples.”

                                                                                                 Paul Davis, The RAND Corporation

Modeling and Simulation Support for System of Systems Engineering Applications provides a comprehensive overview of the underlying theory, methods, and solutions in modeling and simulation support for system of systems engineering. Highlighting plentiful multidisciplinary applications of modeling and simulation, the book uniquely addresses the criteria and challenges found within the field.

Beginning with a foundation of concepts, terms, and categories, a theoretical and generalized approach to system of systems engineering is introduced, and real-world applications via case studies and examples are presented. A unified approach is maintained in an effort to understand the complexity of a single system as well as the context among other proximate systems. In addition, the book features:

• Cutting edge coverage of modeling and simulation within the field of system of systems, including transportation, system health management, space mission analysis, systems engineering methodology, and energy
• State-of-the-art advances within multiple domains to instantiate theoretic insights, applicable methods, and lessons learned from real-world applications of modeling and simulation
• The challenges of system of systems engineering using a systematic and holistic approach
• Key concepts, terms, and activities to provide a comprehensive, unified, and concise representation of the field
• A collection of chapters written by over 40 recognized international experts from academia, government, and industry
• A research agenda derived from the contribution of experts that guides scholars and researchers towards open questions

Modeling and Simulation Support for System of Systems Engineering Applications is an ideal reference and resource for academics and practitioners in operations research, engineering, statistics, mathematics, modeling and simulation, and computer science. The book is also an excellent course book for graduate and PhD-level courses in modeling and simulation, engineering, and computer science.

Leseprobe

Modeling and Simulation Support for System of Systems Engineering Applications

Edited by

Larry B. Rainey

Andreas Tolk

Copyright © 2015 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved

Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New JerseyPublished simultaneously in Canada

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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data:

Rainey, Larry B.Modeling and simulation support for system of systems engineeringapplications / Larry B. Rainey, Colorado Springs, CO, Andreas Tolk, SimIS, Inc.,Portsmouth, VA.  pages cm Includes bibliographical references and index.

 ISBN 978-1-118-46031-3 (hardback)1. Systems engineering–Data processing. 2. Engineering models.I. Tolk, Andreas. II. Title. TA168.R338 2015 620.001′13–dc23

      2014022284

This text is dedicated to Mr. Kevin Hibbs of the Missile Defense Agency (MDA), an avid supporter of embracing and exercising new modeling and simulation techniques to enhance the mission of MDA, in which he recognized many system of systems related challenges and was pivotal in utilizing modeling and simulation to address these challenges.

We also remember Colonel (US Air Force, ret.) Thomas W. O’Brien who contributed directly as an author to this book. His insights from practical experiences and academic reflections shaped many ideas that we are taking now for granted when we study system of systems.

Foreword

System of Systems (SoS) is a maturing field, which has been described and applied in many different ways. However, at the core of different SoS descriptions and approaches is the focus on integration and coordination of multiple complex systems to achieve levels of performance, offer capabilities, or achieve purposes that are beyond the grasp of individual constituent systems. In effect, getting a set of systems that were not initially formed as a unity to come together as a unity to support a higher level (SoS) purpose. It is exciting to see the incorporation of Modeling and Simulation (M&S) presented in this volume for support and maturation of the SoS field through engineering applications.

M&S presented in this volume assists in four critical challenges facing SoS field development. First, they enable a better systems-based understanding, appreciation, and representation in the landscape of the twenty-first century enterprise. This landscape is beset with:

Proliferation of information intensive systems and technologies, where creating interoperability extends beyond the “hard system” technical dimensions to include “soft system” dimensions such as conceptual interoperability

Divergence in stakeholders interests and perspectives that invoke considerations for exploring and representing multiple frames of reference and their potential incompatibility

Expectations for immediate results without long view considerations, where consequences of decisions may be significantly separated in space and time from the point of decision/action

Scarce and dynamically shifting resources that make traditional planning forums suspect and suggest the necessity for near real time analysis of SoS level impacts stemming from dynamic shifts

Application environments fraught with high degrees of complexity, uncertainty, emergence, and ambiguity. These “hyperturbulent” environments are subject to rapid and unexpected shifts and are no longer aberrations but are the norm

Increasing doubt concerning the efficacy of traditional approaches based on reductionism, cause and effect certainty, absolute understanding, and results repeatability to effectively engage complex system problems

Such conditions are inevitable in the twenty-first landscape and cannot be eliminated. However, they can be managed, that is, they invoke the SoS challenge to improve effectiveness through different thinking, approaches, and applications. It is compelling that this volume offers examples of a direct assault on the SoS problem domain through application of M&S.

Second, SoS problems are inherently multidisciplinary, and they require multidisciplinary thinking and approaches for effective resolution. The SoS problem domain crosses technology, human/social, organizational, managerial, policy, and political boundaries. By their very nature, M&S applications are multidisciplinary and the array of applications in this volume attest to the capability of M&S applications to address the multidisciplinary nature of the SoS problem domain.

Third, poor decisions related to integration and coordination of SoS can have dire consequences, ranging from significant wasted resources to poor system performance, or even death. I would suggest strengthening the ability to make better decisions is the strongest contribution that M&S makes to the maturation of the SoS field. As this volume demonstrates, M&S brings the following capabilities to support better analysis and decisions in SoS: (i) systemic formulation of multidisciplinary problems through M&S driven representations, (ii) examination of the SoS behavior and responses to potential system changes in a “failsafe” setting, (iii) understanding the consequences for “poor” decisions prior to implementation and examination of alternative courses of action, and (iv) compression of time to better understand the potential long-term impacts for decisions.

Fourth, although engineering has always been about the practicality of solving problems and fulfilling unmet needs, grounding of applications in theoretical and methodological foundations is critical to maturing the SoS field. It is this grounding that will ultimately provide coherent maturation of the SoS field as well as long-term sustainability. The focused concentration of this volume on the theoretical and methodological implications for applications is laudable and makes a significant contribution to the maturing SoS field.

I have confidence that the work of this volume will be embraced for the significant weigh point it provides in the continuing journey of both the SoS and M&S fields. The contributions of this volume represent an important and decisive step forward in demonstrating the theoretical and methodological contributions of M&S to SoS through the lenses of application. The multidisciplinary breadth of applications ranging from security to transportation to space demonstrates the wide ranging applicability of SoS as informed by M&S.

Charles B. Keating

Norfolk, VA, USA

List of Contributors

Larry B. RaineyIntegrity Systems and Solutions, LLC, Colorado Springs, CO, USA

Andreas TolkSimIS Inc., Portsmouth, VA, USA

Nathan L. AdamsGeorgia Tech Research Institute, Atlanta, GA, USA

Mikhail AugustonNaval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA, USA

William Dale BlairGeorgia Tech Research Institute, Atlanta, GA, USA

John BoardmanJohn Boardman Associates, Worcestershire, UK

Agostino G. BruzzoneDIME, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy

Nurcin CelikDepartment of Industrial Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA

William CrossleySchool of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA

Daniel DeLaurentisSchool of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA

Margery J. DoyleL-3 Communications, Link Simulation and Training, Air Force Research Lab, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH, USA

Tommer R. EnderGeorgia Tech Research Institute, Atlanta, GA, USA

Joachim FuchsEuropean Space Agency, ESTEC, Noordwijk, the Netherlands

Alfredo GarroDIMES, University of Calabria, Calabria, Italy

Kristin GiammarcoNaval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA, USA

Daniele GianniEuropean Organization for the Exploitation of Meteorological Data, Darmstadt, Germany

James HarringtonThe MITRE Corporation, McLean, VA, USA

Laura HintonThe MITRE Corporation, McLean, VA, USA

Charles W. HutchingsNational Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA

Sanjay JainThe George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA

Stephen B. JohnsonNational Aeronautics and Space Administration, Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USAandDependable System Technologies, LLC and the University of Colorado, Colorado Springs, CO, USA

Michael C. JonesThe Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD, USA

Yung-Tsun Tina LeeNational Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA

Niklas LindmanEuropean Space Agency, ESTEC, Noordwijk, the Netherlands

Francesco LongoDIMES, University of Calabria, Calabria, Italy

Bharat B. MadanOld Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA

Mark W. MaierThe Aerospace Corporation, Chantilly, VA, USA

Marina MasseiDIME, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy

R. William MauleNaval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA, USA

Paul A. MiceliGeorgia Tech Research Institute, Atlanta, GA, USA

Saurabh MittalL-3 Communications, Link Simulation and Training, Air Force Research Lab, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH, USA

DeLante E. MooreDepartment of Industrial Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA

Thomas W. O’BrienUS Air Force, Colonel (Retired)

Matthew L. PadenChildren’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA

L. Drew PiheraGeorgia Tech Research Institute, Atlanta, GA, USA

Antoinette M. PortreyL-3 Communications, Link Simulation and Training, Air Force Research Lab, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH, USA

Donna H. RhodesMassachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA

Adam M. RossMassachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA

John F. SarkesainSIOC Group, L.L.C. and The Aerospace Corporation, Ashburn, VA, USA

Brian SauserDepartment of Marketing and Logistics, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA

Xiaoran ShiDepartment of Industrial Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA

Aristotelis E. ThanosDepartment of Industrial Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA

Philip D. WestGeorgia Tech Research Institute, Atlanta, GA, USA

Clifford A. WhitcombNaval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA, USA

Michael WrightUS Army Project Executive Office for Simulation Training and Instrumentation, Orlando, FL, USA

Notes on Contributors

Nathan L. Adams is a Research Engineer II at the Georgia Tech Research Institute and has over 12 years of experience in systems engineering, embedded systems development, and analysis and simulation support tool development. His current area of focus involves systems engineering, integration, and test and evaluation of embedded aircraft systems. Prior to joining the Georgia Tech Research Institute, Mr. Adams worked for Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Corporation where he developed and integrated real-time simulation systems in support of various simulation laboratories. He holds a B.S. in Computer Engineering Technology from Southern Polytechnic State University and a Professional Master’s in Applied Systems Engineering from the Georgia Institute of Technology.

Mikhail Auguston is an Associate Professor in the Computer Science Department, Naval Postgraduate School in Monterey, California. Dr. Auguston’s research interests encompass programming language design and implementation, real-time and reactive software testing and debugging automation and safety assessment tools, software and system architecture formal specification and validation, and visual programming languages. He has more than 40 years of experience in these areas and has published more than 120 papers in refereed journals, conferences, and workshop proceedings. He was PI and Co-PI in projects funded by NSF, NASA, U.S. Army Research Office, U.S. Naval Research Office, U.S. Missile Defense Agency, USMC Technology Center, TARDEC, SPAWAR/SYSCOM, and U.S. Army/Monterey TRAC.

William Dale Blair is a Principal Research Engineer with Georgia Tech Research Institute (GTRI) and is a Fellow there. He recently completed a three year assignment as the Technical Director for the C2BMC Knowledge Center of the Missile Defense Agency. Since joining GTRI in 1997, Dr. Blair has led a multiorganizational team in the development of multiplatform–multisensor–multitarget benchmarks to both air defense and ballistic missile defense. His projects at GTRI focus mostly on the modeling and simulation and algorithm assessment associated with the sensor netting for the C2BMC. Dr. Blair's research is reported in over 200 articles that include 38 refereed journals. He served as the Editor for Radar Systems for IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems (T-AES) 1996-99 and Editor-in-Chief (EIC) for IEEE T-AES from 1999 to 2005. He is a Fellow of the IEEE and recipient of the 2001 IEEE Nathanson Award for Outstanding Young Radar Engineer. He is Coeditor and coauthor of the book, Multitarget-Multisensor Tracking: Advances and Applications III, and the author of chapter 19 “Radar Tracking Algorithms” and coauthor of chapter 18 “Radar Measurements” of the new edition of Principles of Modern Radar. He has served on the Board of Governors for the IEEE Aerospace and Electronics Systems Society (AESS) for 1998–2003, 2005–2010, and 2012–2014.

John Boardman has been an engineer, consultant, researcher, teacher, and public speaker. He has held academic appointments in the United Kingdom and the United States. Most recently he was a Distinguished Service Professor at Stevens Institute of Technology in the School of Systems and Enterprises where he taught graduate classes on systems thinking and enterprise architecting. His specialty subjects have covered electrical engineering, computer engineering, software, and systems engineering. He has coauthored two books, with Brian Sauser, on systems thinking. He is a Fellow of the Institution of Engineering and Technology. He now concentrates on writing and has recently completed Part I of a trilogy: “Memories live longer than dreams.”

Agostino G. Bruzzone is a Full Professor at DIME University of Genoa, Director of M&S Net (International Network involving 34 centers), Director of the MISS McLeod Institute of Simulation Science—Genoa Center (28 centers distributed worldwide), Founder and President of the Liophant Simulation, Member of the Simulation team, Vice President and Member of the Board of MIMOS (Movimento Italiano di Simulazione), and Member of the NATO MSG. He works on innovative Modeling & Simulation, AI techniques, application of Neural Networks, and Gas. He is Member of several International Technical and Organization Committees (i.e., AI Application of IASTED, AI Conference, ESS, AMS) and General Coordinator of Scientific Initiatives (i.e., I3M General Chair). He teaches "M&S" for the DIMS Ph.D. Program (Doctorship in Integrated Mathematical M&S). He is Director of the Master Program in Industrial Plants for the University of Genoa. He has a new appointment as Project Leader M&S at NATO STO CMRE—Centre for Maritime Research and Experimentation.

Nurcin Celik is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Industrial Engineering at the University of Miami. She received her M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in Systems and Industrial Engineering from the University of Arizona with magna cum laude. Her research interests are in the areas of integrated modeling and decision making for large-scale, complex, and dynamic systems focusing on electric utility resource planning and dynamic load dispatching in distributed power grids and microgrids. She is the recipient of several awards including 2013 AFOSR Young Investigator Research Award, 2011 WSC Best Paper Award, 2011 IAMOT (International Association for Management of Technology) Best Research Project Award, 2010 University of Miami Provost Award, 2009 IIE (Institute of Industrial Engineers) Best Graduate Research Award, and 2007 Diversity in Science and Engineering Award from Women in Science and Engineering Program.

William Crossley is a Professor of Aeronautics and Astronautics at Purdue University in West Lafayette, Indiana, USA. His teaching and research interests are in design optimization for aerospace systems and for system of system design problems. He initiated the “System of Systems” signature area in the College of Engineering in 2004 and is involved in the continuing development of systems and system of systems efforts at Purdue University. He earned a BSE (Aerospace) from the University of Michigan, then participated in the Arizona State University Industrial Fellows Program through which he worked in Advanced Concept Development at McDonnell Douglas Helicopter Systems in Mesa, AZ, while earning his M.S. and Ph.D. degrees. He is an Associate Fellow of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics and the chair of the Aircraft Design Technical Committee, an Executive Committee Member for the Council of Engineering Systems Universities, a Member of the International Council on Systems Engineering, a Member of the Institute for Operations Research and Management Science, and a Member of the International Society for Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization.

Daniel DeLaurentis is an Associate Professor in Purdue’s School of Aeronautics & Astronautics and the Director of Purdue's Center for Integrated Systems in Aerospace (CISA), which is home to 20 faculty affiliates, three research staff, and numerous dedicated graduate students. His primary research interests are in the areas of problem formulation, modeling and robust system design, and control methods for aerospace systems and system of systems. This includes agent-based modeling, network theory, optimization, aerospace vehicle modeling, missile defense battle management architecting, and air transportation network analysis. Dr. DeLaurentis is an Associate Fellow of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics and served as Chairman of the AIAA’s Air Transportation Systems (ATS) Technical Committee from 2008 to 2010. He was Co-Chair of the System of Systems Technical Committee in the IEEE System, Man, and Cybernetics Community and Associated Editor for the IEEE Systems Journal for several years.

Margery J. Doyle is a Research Consultant Cognitive Systems Research Scientist and Engineer with L-3 Communications Link Simulation and Training at the Air Force Research Lab 711 HPW/RHA Warfighter Readiness Research Division at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH. Margery leads the Not-So-Grand-Challenge to support integration and use of cognitive- and behavior-based models, agents, and architectures in adaptive Live Virtual Constructive training environments. She earned her M.A. in Experimental Psychology with a certificate in Cognitive Psychology from the University of West Florida in 2007. While attending UWF, Margery made significant sustaining contributions to the field of Augmented Cognition through working on a seminal DARPA challenge entitled AUGCOG. In addition, Margery completed work toward a Ph.D. in Cognitive Science. Recently she coedited a special edition of Cognitive Systems Research focusing on stigmergic systems that display properties of emergence.

Tommer R. Ender is a Senior Research Engineer at the Electronic Systems Laboratory of the Georgia Tech Research Institute and serves as Chief of the Systems Technology & Analysis Division. His primary area of research includes development of collaborative systems engineering tools and methods as applied to complex system of systems, concerned with supporting decision making through a holistic treatment of various problems. His research focuses on the application of Model Based Systems Engineering, advanced design methods, uncertainty analysis, and multidisciplinary design optimization to defense related, hybrid energy, and other complex systems. Dr. Ender is an instructor and course developer for Georgia Tech’s Professional Master’s in Applied Systems Engineering, and the Georgia Tech Professional Education’s Systems Engineering Certificate, teaching courses in systems engineering fundamentals, modeling and simulation, system of systems, architecting, and project management. He is an active member of and regularly publishes with IEEE, INCOSE, and NDIA, and is a certified Project Management Professional. He earned a B.S., M.S., and Ph.D. in Aerospace Engineering from the Georgia Institute of Technology.

Joachim Fuchs is the Head of the System Modeling and Functional Verification section at the European Space Agency in Noordwijk, The Netherlands. He is responsible to support most of ESA’s space programs in the area of verification over the entire life-cycle, starting from the definition phase to the integration and testing. Model-based approaches are the focus of research and development activities of the group, with substantial effort in the definition and development of methods and tools to support the system engineering and architecting function. His group is leading in conceptual data modeling methods and model-based system engineering in the space system development. He was convener and member of standardization groups dealing with simulation standards at implementation level as well as life-cycle related in support of system engineering. He led the development of an engineering environment to support a “Virtual Spacecraft Design” process. He is Member of INCOSE, SCS, and SISO.

Alfredo Garro is an Associate Professor of Computing Systems at the Department of Informatics, Modeling, Electronics and Systems Engineering (DIMES) of the University of Calabria (Italy). From 1999 to 2001, he has been a researcher at CSELT, the Telecom Italia Group R&D Lab. From 2001 to 2003, he collaborates with the Institute of High Performance Computing and Networking of the Italian National Research Council (CNR). In February 2005, he received the Ph.D. degree in Systems and Computer Engineering from the University of Calabria. From January 2005 to December 2011, he has been an Assistant Professor of Computing Systems at the DIMES Department (formerly DEIS) of the University of Calabria. His main research interests include systems and software engineering, reliability engineering, modeling and simulation. His list of publications contains about 80 papers published in international journals, books, and proceedings of international and national conferences. He is a Member of the IEEE and IEEE Computer Society from 2005 and a Member of the IEEE Reliability Society and IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Society. He is a Member of the International Council on Systems Engineering (INCOSE). He has been elected for the 2014 SPACE Forum Planning and Review Panel (PRP) of the Simulation Interoperability Standards Organization (SISO). He is Member of the Executive Committee of the MODRIO (Model Driven Physical Systems Operation) ITEA2 Project and the Technical Contact for his Institution in the Open Source Modelica Consortium (OSMC).

Kristin Giammarco is an Associate Professor in the Department of Systems Engineering at the Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, California. Her research interests include the use and development of formal methods for the improvement of system behavior modeling and patterning system processes and pathologies at the architectural level. She teaches courses in systems architecture and design, systems integration and development, systems software engineering, and model-based systems engineering at NPS and also teaches system architecture and design as an adjunct at Stevens Institute of Technology. She is an Active Member of INCOSE, serving on both the Tools Database and Systems Science Working Groups, and is a Member of the Lifecycle Modeling Language Steering Committee. She has earned a Ph.D. in Software Engineering, an M.S. in Systems Engineering Management through the Joint Executive PD-21 Program, and a Certificate in Advanced Systems Engineering, all from NPS. She holds a B.E. in Electrical Engineering from Stevens Institute of Technology.

Daniele Gianni is Requirements Engineering Consultant at the European Organization for the Exploitation of Meteorological Data (EUMETSAT) (DE) where he supports the requirements management activities of future space programs with the definition of requirements processes and requirements models. Previously, he held research appointments at the European Space Agency (NL), the University of Oxford (UK), and the Imperial College (UK), where he introduced new M&S methods for the systems engineering activities in domains such as space, software architectures, software performance modeling, biomedical engineering, and emergency management, publishing over 50 papers in journals, conferences, and workshops. On the same topics, he also held visiting positions at the Auckland Bioengineering Institute (NZ) and the Georgia Institute of Technology. He is the co-organizer of several international workshops on the themes of Model-Driven Simulation Engineering (Mod4Sim in the Spring Simulation Multiconference) and Collaborative M&S (COMETS in IEEE WETICE), and he is currently leading the conclusion of a book on M&S-based Systems Engineering. Gianni holds a Ph.D. and an M.S. in Computer Engineering from the University of Rome TorVergata (IT).

James Harrington is a Principal Modeling and Simulation Engineer for the MITRE Corporation in McLean, Virginia. He received a B.S. and an M.S. in Computer Science from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University and the Johns Hopkins University, respectively. As a Member of MITRE's Modeling and Simulation (M&S) Engineering division, he serves as a Capability Lead for Simulation Interoperability and Live-Virtual-Constructive Architectures focus area. He has worked in direct support of the Army's Program Executive Office for Simulation Training and Instrumentation since 2004 with a particular focus on system of systems engineering for M&S-based training federations.

Laura Hinton is a Lead Simulation Engineer for the MITRE Corporation in McLean, Virginia, where she works with various Department of Defense distributed simulation programs. She holds a B.S and an M.S. in Engineering from Purdue University. She has been involved with Services Modeling & Simulation (M&S) for 25 years. As a Member of MITRE's M&S Engineering division, she serves as a Capability Lead for the Simulation Interoperability and Live-Virtual-Constructive Architectures focus area. Since 2006, she has been actively involved with constructive simulation environments used for training army unit commanders and staff.

Charles W. Hutchings currently serves in the Office of the Director, Operational Test and Evaluation in the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) and is Guest Researcher at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). Prior to transferring to DoD, in 2012, he coordinated development of risk management methodology and tools—including models and simulations—to support systems development and program management in the Program Accountability and Risk Management Division of the Management Directorate, U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS). From 2007 to 2011, he was Deputy Director, Modeling and Simulation in the DHS Science & Technology Directorate. He is the author of four peer reviewed papers on the management and use of homeland security modeling and simulation. From 2001 to 2007, Dr. Hutchings served in the U.S. Navy both as an Engineering Duty Officer and as a Navy civilian. Prior to government service, Dr. Hutchings completed post-doctoral work and was appointed Visiting Professor in the Department of Physics at the University of Nebraska, Lincoln. He completed a Ph.D. in Physical Chemistry at University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany in 1994. He completed M.S. and B.S. degrees in Physics and Mathematics at Syracuse University, Syracuse New York in 1990 and 1987, respectively.

Sanjay Jain is an Associate Industry Professor in the Department of Decision Sciences at the School of Business at George Washington University (GWU). His research interests are in the development and application of decision science techniques to complex systems. Prior to joining GWU, he was a Research Faculty Member at Grado Industrial & Systems Engineering Department at Virginia Tech. Before moving to academia, he accumulated over a dozen years of international R&D and consulting experience working at Accenture, Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology, and General Motors North American Operations Technical Center. He has over 80 publications including technical reports, and papers in technical journals, and refereed conference proceedings. His recent work has been published in the European Journal of Operational Research, International Journal of Advanced Intelligence Paradigms, and International Journal of Production Economics. He serves as an Associate Editor of the International Journal of Simulation and Process Modeling and has served as a Coeditor for the Proceedings of 2010 and 2011 Winter Simulation Conferences. He received a Bachelors of Engineering from Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Roorkee, India, a Post-Graduate Diploma from National Institute for Industrial Engineering, Mumbai, India, and a Ph.D. in Engineering Science from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York.

Stephen B. Johnson is the analysis lead for Mission and Fault Management on the National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s Space Launch System program, led by Marshall Space Flight Center. In this position, he oversees and performs qualitative and quantitative analysis of nominal and off-nominal system behaviors and of fault management effectiveness. He is the President of Dependable System Technologies, LLC and an Associate Research Professor with the Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering at the University of Colorado, Colorado Springs. He is the General Editor for “System Health Management: with Aerospace Applications” (July 2011), the author of “The Secret of Apollo: Systems Management in American and European Space Programs,” and many other articles and books in system health management, systems engineering, space economics, and space history. He has a Bachelor’s degree in physics from Whitman College (1981) and a Ph.D. in the history of science and technology from the University of Minnesota, Twin Cities (1997). His current research focuses on the theory and application of system health management, the fundamental reform of systems engineering from a process into a product-based and model-based discipline, the philosophy of technology and engineering, and historical work in space history, cognitive psychology, and artificial intelligence. He is on the editorial board of the International Journal of Prognostics and Health Management, Astropolitics, and Quest: The History of Spaceflight Quarterly, and a Member of the IEEE PHM Standards committee.

Michael C. Jones is a Program Manager at the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory and a Lecturer in Systems Engineering at the Johns Hopkins University’s Whiting School of Engineering. He earned a B.S. in Computer Science from the U.S. Naval Academy and completed 20 years as a submarine officer in the U.S. Navy. He holds an M.S. in Electrical Engineering and an MBA from the Naval Postgraduate School, and is a Ph.D. student in Modeling and Simulation at Old Dominion University. He is currently serving as the Science and Technology Advisor to the Commander, U.S. Pacific Fleet.

Yung-Tsun Tina Lee