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- Herausgeber: Packt Publishing
- Kategorie: Wissenschaft und neue Technologien
- Sprache: Englisch
Over 70 recipes to get you writing powerful and efficient multithreaded, asynchronous, and parallel programs in C# 6.0
About This Book
- Rewritten and updated to take advantage of the latest C# 6 features
- Learn about multithreaded, asynchronous, and parallel programming through hands-on, code-first examples
- Use these recipes to build fast, scalable, and reliable applications in C#
Who This Book Is For
This book is aimed at those who are new to multithreaded programming, and who are looking for a quick and easy way to get started. It is assumed that you have some experience in C# and .NET already, and you should also be familiar with basic computer science terminology and basic algorithms and data structures.
What You Will Learn
- Use C# 6.0 asynchronous language features
- Work with raw threads, synchronize threads, and coordinate their work
- Develop your own asynchronous API with Task Parallel Library
- Work effectively with a thread pool
- Scale up your server application with I/O threads
- Parallelize your LINQ queries with PLINQ
- Use common concurrent collections
- Apply different parallel programming patterns
- Use Reactive Extensions to run asynchronous operations and manage their options
In Detail
Multi-core processors are synonymous with computing speed and power in today's world, which is why multithreading has become a key concern for C# developers. Multithreaded code helps you create effective, scalable, and responsive applications.
This is an easy-to-follow guide that will show you difficult programming problems in context. You will learn how to solve them with practical, hands-on, recipes. With these recipes, you'll be able to start creating your own scalable and reliable multithreaded applications. Starting from learning what a thread is, we guide you through the basics and then move on to more advanced concepts such as task parallel libraries, C# asynchronous functions, and much more.
Rewritten to the latest C# specification, C# 6, and updated with new and modern recipes to help you make the most of the hardware you have available, this book will help you push the boundaries of what you thought possible in C#.
Style and approach
This is an easy-to-follow guide full of hands-on examples of real-world multithreading tasks. Each topic is explained and placed in context, and for the more inquisitive, there are also more in-depth details of the concepts used.
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Seitenzahl: 276
Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2016
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Table of Contents
Multithreading with C# Cookbook Second Edition
Multithreading with C# Cookbook Second Edition
Copyright © 2016 Packt Publishing
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher, except in the case of brief quotations embedded in critical articles or reviews.
Every effort has been made in the preparation of this book to ensure the accuracy of the information presented. However, the information contained in this book is sold without warranty, either express or implied. Neither the author, nor Packt Publishing, and its dealers and distributors will be held liable for any damages caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly by this book.
Packt Publishing has endeavored to provide trademark information about all of the companies and products mentioned in this book by the appropriate use of capitals. However, Packt Publishing cannot guarantee the accuracy of this information.
First published: November 2013
Second Edition: April 2016
Production reference: 1150416
Published by Packt Publishing Ltd.
Livery Place
35 Livery Street
Birmingham B3 2PB, UK.
ISBN 978-1-78588-125-1
www.packtpub.com
Credits
Author
Eugene Agafonov
Reviewers
Chad McCallum
Philip Pierce
Commissioning Editor
Edward Gordon
Acquisition Editor
Kirk D'Costa
Content Development Editor
Nikhil Borkar
Technical Editor
Vivek Pala
Copy Editor
Neha Vyas
Project Coordinator
Francina Pinto
Proofreader
Safis Editing
Indexer
Rekha Nair
Production Coordinator
Manu Joseph
Cover Work
Manu Joseph
About the Author
Eugene Agafonov leads the development department at ABBYY and lives in Moscow. He has over 15 years of professional experience in software development, and he started working with C# when it was in beta version. He is a Microsoft MVP in ASP.NET since 2006, and he often speaks at local software development conferences, such as DevCon Russia, about cutting-edge technologies in modern web and server-side application development. His main professional interests are cloud-based software architecture, scalability, and reliability. Eugene is a huge fan of football and plays the guitar with a local rock band. You can reach him at his personal blog, eugeneagafonov.com, or find him on Twitter at @eugene_agafonov.
ABBYY is a global leader in the development of document recognition, content capture, and language-based technologies and solutions that are integrated across the entire information life cycle.
He is the author of Multhreading in C# 5.0 Cookbook and Mastering C# Concurrency by Packt Publishing.
I'd like to dedicate this book to my dearly beloved wife, Helen, and son, Nikita.
About the Reviewers
Chad McCallum is a Saskatchewan computer geek with a passion for software development. He has over 10 years of .NET experience (and 2 years of PHP, but we won't talk about that). After graduating from SIAST Kelsey Campus, he picked up freelance PHP contracting work until he could pester iQmetrix to give him a job, which he's hung onto for the last 10 years. He's come back to his roots in Regina and started HackREGINA, a local hackathon organization aimed at strengthening the developer community while coding and drinking beer. His current focus is mastering the art of multitenant e-commerce with .NET. Between his obsession with board gaming and random app ideas, he tries to learn a new technology every week. You can see the results at www.rtigger.com.
Philip Pierce is a software developer with 20 years of experience in mobile, web, desktop, and server development, database design and management, and game development. His background includes creating A.I. for games and business software, converting AAA games between various platforms, developing multithreaded applications, and creating patented client/server communication technologies.
Philip has won several hackathons, including Best Mobile App at the AT&T Developer Summit 2013, and a runner up for Best Windows 8 App at PayPal's Battlethon Miami. His most recent project was converting Rail Rush and Temple Run 2 from the Android platform to Arcade platforms.
Philip's portfolios can be found at the following websites:
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Preface
Not so long ago, a typical personal computer CPU had only one computing core, and the power consumption was enough to cook fried eggs on it. In 2005, Intel introduced its first multiple-core CPU, and since then, computers started developing in a different direction. Low-power consumption and a number of computing cores became more important than a row computing core performance. This lead to programming paradigm changes as well. Now, we need to learn how to use all CPU cores effectively to achieve the best performance, and at the same time, we need to save battery power by running only the programs that we need at a particular time. Besides that, we need to program server applications in a way to use multiple CPU cores or even multiple computers as efficiently as possible to support as many users as we can.
To be able to create such applications, you have to learn to use multiple CPU cores in your programs effectively. If you use the Microsoft .NET development platform and C#, this book will be a perfect starting point for you to program fast and responsive applications.
The purpose of this book is to provide you with a step-by-step guide for multithreading and parallel programming in C#. We will start with the basic concepts, going through more and more advanced topics based on the information from previous chapters, and we will end with real-world parallel programming patterns, Universal Windows applications, and cross-platform applications samples.
What this book covers
Chapter 1, Threading Basics, introduces the basic operations with threads in C#. It explains what a thread is, the pros and cons of using threads, and other important thread aspects.
Chapter 2, Thread Synchronization, describes thread interaction details. You will learn why we need to coordinate threads together and the different ways of organizing thread coordination.
Chapter 3, Using a Thread Pool, explains the thread pool concept. It shows how to use a thread pool, how to work with asynchronous operations, and the good and bad practices of using a thread pool.
Chapter 4, Using the Task Parallel Library, is a deep dive into the Task Parallel Library (TPL) framework. This chapter outlines every important aspect of TPL, including task combination, exception management, and operation cancelation.
Chapter 5, Using C# 6.0, explains in detail the recently introduced C# feature—asynchronous methods. You will find out what the async and await keywords mean, how to use them in different scenarios, and how await works under the hood.
Chapter 6, Using Concurrent Collections, describes the standard data structures for parallel algorithms included in .NET Framework. It goes through sample programming scenarios for each data structure.
Chapter 7, Using PLINQ, is a deep dive into the Parallel LINQ infrastructure. The chapter describes task and data parallelism, parallelizing a LINQ query, tweaking parallelism options, partitioning a query, and aggregating the parallel query result.
Chapter 8, Reactive Extensions, explains how and when to use the Reactive Extensions framework. You will learn how to compose events and how to perform a LINQ query against an event sequence.
Chapter 9, Using Asynchronous I/O, covers in detail the asynchronous I/O process, including files, networks, and database scenarios.
Chapter 10, Parallel Programming Patterns, outlines the solutions to common parallel programming problems.
Chapter 11, There's More, covers the aspects of programming asynchronous applications for Windows 10, OS X, and Linux. You will learn how to work with Windows 10 asynchronous APIs and how to perform the background work in Universal Windows applications. Also, you will get familiar with cross-platform .NET development tools and components.
What you need for this book
For most of the recipes, you will need Microsoft Visual Studio Community 2015. The recipes in Chapter 11, There's more, for OS X and Linux will optionally require the Visual Studio Code editor. However, you can use any specific editor you are familiar with.
Who this book is for
This book is written for existing C# developers with little or no background in multithreading and asynchronous and parallel programming. The book covers these topics from basic concepts to complicated programming patterns and algorithms using the C# and .NET ecosystem.
Conventions
In this book, you will find a number of styles of text that distinguish between different kinds of information. Here are some examples of these styles, and an explanation of their meaning.
Code words in text are shown as follows: "When the program is run, it creates a thread that will execute a code in the PrintNumbersWithDelay method."
A block of code is set as follows:
Any command-line input or output is written as follows:
New terms and important words are shown in bold. Words that you see on the screen, in menus or dialog boxes for example, appear in the text like this: "Right-click on the References folder in the project, and select the Manage NuGet Packages… menu option".
Note
Warnings or important notes appear in a box like this.
Tip
Tips and tricks appear like this.
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Questions
You can contact us at <[email protected]> if you are having a problem with any aspect of the book, and we will do our best to address it.
Chapter 1. Threading Basics
In this chapter, we will cover the basic tasks to work with threads in C#. You will learn the following recipes:
Introduction
At some point of time in the past, the common computer had only one computing unit and could not execute several computing tasks simultaneously. However, operating systems could already work with multiple programs simultaneously, implementing the concept of multitasking. To prevent the possibility of one program taking control of the CPU forever, causing other applications and the operating system itself to hang, the operating systems had to split a physical computing unit across a few virtualized processors in some way and give a certain amount of computing power to each executing program. Moreover, an operating system must always have priority access to the CPU and should be able to prioritize CPU access to different programs. A thread is an implementation of this concept. It could be considered as a virtual processor that is given to the one specific program and runs it independently.
Note
Remember that a thread consumes a significant amount of operating system resources. Trying to share one physical processor across many threads will lead to a situation where an operating system is busy just managing threads instead of running programs.
Therefore, while it was possible to enhance computer processors, making them execute more and more commands per second, working with threads was usually an operating system task. There was no sense in trying to compute some tasks in parallel on a single-core CPU because it would take more time than running those computations sequentially. However, when processors started to have more computing cores, older programs could not take advantage of this because they just used one processor core.
To use a modern processor's computing power effectively, it is very important to be able to compose a program in a way that it can use more than one computing core, which leads to organizing it as several threads that communicate and synchronize with each other.
The recipes in this chapter focus on performing some very basic operations with threads in the C# language. We will cover a thread's life cycle, which includes creating, suspending, making a thread wait, and aborting a thread, and then, we will go through the basic synchronization techniques.
