Neuromodulation in Psychiatry E-Book

• Herausgeber: John Wiley & Sons
• Kategorie: Fachliteratur
• Sprache: Englisch

Seitenzahl: 1201

Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2015

Beschreibung

Neuromodulation in Psychiatry

Neuromodulation in Psychiatry

This is the first comprehensive and detailed reference work that focuses on neuromodulation strategies in psychiatry. Neuromodulation strategies are no longer confined to tertiary hospitals but are used in community practices and even by individual psychiatrists. Surgery for psychiatric disorders is one of the main advances in the field of functional neurosurgery.

Neuromodulation in psychiatry includes chapters on the history of this controversial field and the ethics of modern usage of such techniques. Specific chapters are devoted to neuromodulation and surgical strategies used in psychiatry including transcranial magnetic stimulation, transcranial direct current stimulation, vagus nerve stimulation, direct cortical stimulation and deep brain stimulation. A chapter describes the basic principles of each techniques, using figures and schematics to illustrate details for people who do not have personal experience of using these techniques. Another chapter then focuses on the results of clinical research, trials and applications for that strategy.

Written by an expert multidisciplinary editorial team across the fields of neurosurgery, psychiatry and neurology, this title:

• Encompasses basic principles, technical aspects and clinical applications including ethical considerations
• Clearly explains each technique with implications for clinical practice
• Presents evidence in a comprehensive summary suitable for all levels
• Allows psychiatrists to evaluate results obtained using such strategies and to make decisions regarding the best course of treatment for their patients

An essential reference guide for psychiatrists, psychologists neurosurgeons, neurologists and respective trainees.

The book is the first comprehensive reference work to cover all neuromodulation strategies now used or with potential use in psychiatry. It allows psychiatrists to evaluate results obtained using such strategies and to make decision regarding the best course of treatment for their patients.

Leseprobe

Table of Contents

Cover

Title Page

Contributors

CHAPTER 1: History of invasive brain stimulation in psychiatry: Lessons for the current practice of neuromodulation

The birth, rise and fall of the 20th-century psychiatric DBS

The contemporary discourse on psychiatric neuromodulation

Twenty-first century DBS: a tool for enhancement and social control?

Lessons learned for current practice

Conclusions

Acknowledgements

Disclosures

References

CHAPTER 2: Ethics of neuromodulation in psychiatry

Introduction

A brief history

History with a difference

Autonomy and the self

Informed consent

Proportionality: weighing individual benefits and harms

Distinguishing research from therapy

Neuromodulation research and the marketplace

A palliative care ethos

Conclusion

References

CHAPTER 3: Neurocircuits commonly involved in psychiatric disorders and their stimulation and lesion therapies

Introduction

Circuits of OCD, depression, schizophrenia and addiction

WM pathways

Stimulation and lesion therapeutic approaches for psychiatric illnesses

Conclusions

References

CHAPTER 4: Magnetic resonance imaging in neuromodulation

Introduction

What can MRI offer the field of psychiatry?

MRI measures of grey matter

MRI measures of white matter and structural connectivity (DTI)

MRI measures of functional activity and functional connectivity

Detecting functional and structural MRI abnormalities

Analysing network-level patterns in resting brain activity

Neuromodulation in the MRI environment

Uses of MRI in neuromodulation

Identification of stimulation targets using structural and functional MRI

Neuronavigation using MRI

Characterizing the effects of neuromodulation using MRI

Optimizing individual treatment parameters using MRI

Neuromodulatory effects of MRI itself

Conclusions

Acknowledgements

References

CHAPTER 5: Nuclear medicine in neuromodulation

Introduction

Basic principles of PET

Pathophysiology of psychiatric illness

Neuromodulation

Electroconvulsive therapy

Discussion

References

CHAPTER 6: Basic principles of deep brain and cortical stimulation

The electrode

Effects of electrical stimulation on tissue

Stimulation configuration

Deep brain stimulation – specific concerns

Cortical stimulation

References

CHAPTER 7: Electrophysiology in neuromodulation: Current concepts of the mechanisms of action of electrical and magnetic cortical stimulation

References

CHAPTER 8: Transcranial magnetic stimulation: Introduction and technical aspects

Background

Neuronal activation

TMS electronics

Coil design and construction

Summary

References

CHAPTER 9: Magnetic stimulation for depression: Subconvulsive and convulsive approaches

Introduction

Definitions and regulatory status

Comparing and contrasting actions of TMS, MST and ECT

Subconvulsive TMS for depression treatment

Mechanisms of antidepressant action

Magnetic seizure therapy (MST) for depression

Conclusions

References

CHAPTER 10: Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for psychiatric disorders other than depression

Introduction

rTMS in addiction

rTMS for post-traumatic stress disorder

rTMS for cognitive disorders

rTMS for obsessive–compulsive disorder

Summary

References

CHAPTER 11: Direct current stimulation: Introduction and technical aspects

Introduction

Technical aspects

Mechanisms of action of tDCS

Clinical aspects

tDCS in special populations

Ethical aspects

Conclusion

Appendix 11.A. Positioning and montage of electrodes for tDCS

Materials

Identification of scalp areas for electrode positioning

The procedure

References

CHAPTER 12: Transcranial direct current stimulation