Photoenergy and Thin Film Materials E-Book

• Herausgeber: John Wiley & Sons
• Kategorie: Wissenschaft und neue Technologien
• Sprache: Englisch

Seitenzahl: 1243

Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2019

Beschreibung

This book provides the latest research & developments and future trends in photoenergy and thin film materials--two important areas that have the potential to spearhead the future of the industry. Photoenergy materials are expected to be a next generation class of materials to provide secure, safe, sustainable and affordable energy. Photoenergy devices are known to convert the sunlight into electricity. These types of devices are simple in design with a major advantage as they are stand-alone systems able to provide megawatts of power. They have been applied as a power source for solar home systems, remote buildings, water pumping, megawatt scale power plants, satellites, communications, and space vehicles. With such a list of enormous applications, the demand for photoenergy devices is growing every year. On the other hand, thin films coating, which can be defined as the barriers of surface science, the fields of materials science and applied physics are progressing as a unified discipline of scientific industry. A thin film can be termed as a very fine, or thin layer of material coated on a particular surface, that can be in the range of a nanometer in thickness to several micrometers in size. Thin films are applied in numerous areas ranging from protection purposes to electronic semiconductor devices. The 16 chapters in this volume, all written by subject matter experts, demonstrate the claim that both photoenergy and thin film materials have the potential to be the future of industry.

Leseprobe

Contents

Cover

Title page

Copyright page

Preface

Part I: Advanced Photoenergy Materials

Chapter 1: Use of Carbon Nanostructures in Hybrid Photovoltaic Devices

1.1 Introduction

1.2 Carbon Nanostructures

1.3 Use of Carbon Nanostructures in Hybrid Photovoltaic Devices

1.4 Conclusions and Outlook

Acknowledgements

References

Chapter 2: Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells: Past, Present and Future

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Operational Mechanism

2.3 Sensitizer

2.4 Photoanode

2.5 Electrolyte

2.6 Counter Electrode

2.7 Summary and Perspectives

Acknowledgements

References

Chapter 3: Perovskite Solar Modules: Correlation Between Efficiency and Scalability

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Printing Techniques

3.3 Scaling Up Process

3.4 Modules Architecture

3.5 Process Flow for the Production of Perovskite-Based Solar Modules

References

Chapter 4: Brief Review on Copper Indium Gallium Diselenide (CIGS) Solar Cells

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Factors Affecting PV Performance

4.3 CIGS Based Solar Cell and Its Configuration

4.4 Advances in CIGS Solar Cell

4.5 Summary

Acknowledgement

References

Chapter 5: Interface Engineering for High-Performance Printable Solar Cells

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Electrolytes

5.3 Transition Metal Oxides (TMOs)

5.4 Organic Semiconductors

5.5 Outlook

Acknowledgement

References

Chapter 6: Screen Printed Thick Films on Glass Substrate for Optoelectronic Applications

6.1 What Is Thick Film, Its Technology with Advantages

6.2 To Select Suitable Technology for Film Deposition by Considering the Economy, Flexibility, Reliability and Performance Aspects

6.3 Experimental Procedure for Preparation of Thick Films by Screen Printing Process

6.4 Introduction of Semiconductor Metal Oxide (SMO) and Their Usage in Optoelectronic and Chemical Sensor Applications

6.5 To Study the Structural, Optical and Electrical Characteristics of Thick Film

6.6 To Study the Sensitivity, Selectivity, Stability and Response and Recovery Time for Various Gases: CO

2

, LPG, Ethanol, NH

3

, NO

2

and H

2

S at Different Operating Temperatures

6.7 Conclusion

Acknowledgments

References

Chapter 7: Hausmannite (Mn

3

O

4

) – Synthesis and Its Electrochemical, Catalytic and Sensor Application

7.1 Hausmannite as Energy Storage Material: Introduction

7.2 Hausmannite - Catalytic Application

7.3 Hausmannite - Sensor Application

7.4 Summary

Acknowledgement

References

Part II: Advanced Thin Films Materials

Chapter 8: Sol-Gel Technology to Prepare Advanced Coatings

8.1 Introduction

8.2 Sol-Gel Coating Preparation

8.3 Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Sol-Gel Coatings

8.4 Sol-Gel Coating Application

8.5 Conclusions

References

Chapter 9: The Use of Power Spectrum Density for Surface Characterization of Thin Films

9.1 Introduction

9.2 Literature Review

9.3 Methodology

9.4 Results and Discussion

9.5 Conclusion

Acknowledgements

References

Chapter 10: Advanced Coating Nanomaterials for Drug Release Applications

10.1 Introduction

10.2 Ceramic Coating Nanomaterials

10.3 Biopolymer Coating Nanomaterials

10.4 Composite Coating Nanomaterials

10.5 Conclusion and Perspectives

References

Chapter 11: Advancement in Material Coating for Engineering Applications

11.1 Introduction

11.2 Material Coating Methods

11.3 Electrostatic Powder Coating

11.4 Influence of Coating on the Base Material

11.5 Factors Affecting Properties of Coated Materials

11.6 Areas of Application of Coated Materials

11.7 Conclusion

Acknowledgment

References

Chapter 12: Polymer and Carbon-Based Coatings for Biomedical Applications

12.1 Introduction

12.2 Coating

12.3 Surface Interactions with Biological Systems

12.4 Biomedical Applications of Coatings

12.5 Polymer Based Coating for Biomedical Applications

12.6 Carbon-Based Coatings for Biomedical Applications

12.7 Conclusion and Future Trends

Acknowledgement

References

Chapter 13: Assessment of the Effectiveness of Producing Mineral Fillers via Pulverization for Ceramic Coating Materials

13.1 Introduction

13.2 Experimental

13.3 Results and Discussion

13.4 Conclusion

Acknowledgement

References

Chapter 14: Advanced Materials for Laser Surface Cladding: Processing, Manufacturing, Challenges and Future Prospects

14.1 Introduction

14.2 Laser Processing Techniques

14.3 Physic of Laser Surface Treatment (LST)

14.4 Laser Fabrication

14.5 Laser Additive Manufacturing (LAM)

14.6 Challenges of Laser Material Processing

14.7 Future Prospect of Advance Materials for Laser Cladding

14.8 Conclusion

References

Chapter 15: Functionalization of Iron Oxide-Based Magnetic Nanoparticles with Gold Shells

15.1 Introduction

15.2 Synthesis of Iron Oxide-Based Nanoparticles by Co-Precipitation Reaction

15.3 Synthesis of Iron Oxide-Based Nanoparticles by Thermal Decomposition

15.4 Less Popular Chemical Syntheses

15.5 Gold Shell Formation Onto the Surface of Magnetite Nanoparticles

15.6 Methionine-Induced Deposition of Au

0

/Au

+

Species

15.7 Application Trends

15.8 Outlooks

References

Chapter 16: Functionalized-Graphene and Graphene Oxide: Fabrication and Application in Catalysis

16.1 Introduction

16.2 Synthesis

16.3 Graphene and Graphene Oxide Functionalization

16.4 Properties and Applications of Graphene

16.5 Applications of Graphene-Based Nanocomposites

16.6 Conclusion

References

Index

End User License Agreement

Guide

Cover

Copyright

Table of Contents

Begin Reading

List of Tables

Chapter 3

Table 3.1

Main solution processing techniques used for the eposition of the constituent...

Table 3.2

Main vacuum-based techniques used for the deposition of the constituent layer...

Chapter 4

Table 4.1

Summarizes some of the reported CIGS thin film with its power conversion efficiency...

Table 4.2

Photovoltaic parameters of the four-terminal perovskite-CIGS tandem solar cells...

Chapter 6

Table 6.1

Presents structural parameters of CdZnO thick films at different sintering temperatures...

Table 6.2

Responsiveness, sensitivity and response time of the cobalt ferrite sensor for...

Chapter 7

Table 7.1

Synthesis method, structural properties, electrolyte, capacitance at energy density...

Table 7.2

Mn

3

O

4

and carbon based composite with their specific...

Table 7.3

Synthesis and specific capacitance for various metal/metal oxide doped...

Chapter 9

Table 9.1

Sputtering parameters and conditions for Thin Aluminum Films on Titanium Substrate...

Table 9.2

Plane fitting polynomials used in flattening of AFM images [27]....

Table 9.3

Average and root mean square roughness values for the Thin Aluminum Films from...

Table 9.4

Fitting coefficients of the K-Correlation model and inverse power law of the PSD...

Chapter 11

Table 11.1

Corrosion Potential (

E

corr

) and Corrosion Current Density...

Chapter 12

Table 12.1

Categories of Some Surface Modification Types with References....

Table 12.2

Microneedles Coating Techniques....

Chapter 13

Table 13.1

THe analysis of variance of activated material parameters....

Table 13.2

Standard score analysis of observed material processing parameters....

Chapter 15

Table 15.1

Elemental ID and quantification of CoFe

2

O

4

@Met-Au NPs....

Chapter 16

Table 16.1

Summary of the different methods used in the synthesis of graphene....

Table 16.2

Summary of reduction agents for chemical and biological reduction of graphene...

Table 16.3

Different kinds of covalent surface functionalization of GO by use of various...

Table 16.4

Noncovalent modification of GO by use of different modifying agents and their...

Table 16.5

Typical properties of graphene....

Table 16.6

Important examples of functionalized-graphene and graphene oxide application in...

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Scrivener Publishing100 Cummings Center, Suite 541JBeverly, MA 01915-6106

Publishers at ScrivenerMartin Scrivener ([email protected])Phillip Carmical ([email protected])

Managing Editors: Sachin Mishra, S. Patra and Anshuman Mishra

Photoenergy and Thin Film Materials

Edited by

Xiao-Yu Yang

State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, China

This edition first published 2019 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA and Scrivener Publishing LLC, 100 Cummings Center, Suite 541J, Beverly, MA 01915, USA© 2019 Scrivener Publishing LLC

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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

ISBN 978-1-119-58046-1

Preface

Photoenergy materials are expected to be a next generation key material to provide secure, safe, sustainable and affordable energy. Photoenergy devices are known to convert the sunlight into electricity. These types of devices are simple in design with having a major advantage with their structure as stand-alone systems to provide outputs up to megawatts. They have been applied as a power source, solar home systems, remote buildings, water pumping, megawatt scale power plants, satellites, communications, and space vehicles. With such a list of enormous applications, the demand for photoenergy devices is growing every year.

On the other hand, thin films coating, which can be defined as the barriers of surface science, materials science, and applied physics, are progressing as a unified discipline of scientific industry. A thin film can be termed as a very fine, or thin layer of material coated on a particular surface, that can be in the range of a nanometer in thickness to several micrometers in size. Thin films are being applied in a number fields ranging from protection purposes to electronic semiconductor devices. Both the thin film and photoenergy materials have the potential to be the future of industry.

This book mainly addresses a fundamental discussion, latest research & developments and the future of thin films and photoenergy materials. The book has been divided into two parts. The 1st part is “Advanced Photoenergy Materials”, consisted of 7 chapters and the 2nd part is “Advanced Thin films Materials”, consisted of 10 chapters.

The book begins with a critical discussion on the use of carbon nanostructures like carbon nanotubes, graphene-based materials and fullerenes in hybrid photovoltaic devices in chapter 1. In chapter 2, we have summarized the past, present and future of dye-sensitized solar cell. Chapter 3 highlighted the correlation between efficiency, scalability and stability in Perovskite Solar Cell technology. Chapter 4 provides a basic understanding of photovoltaics and development of Copper Indium Gallium Diselenide solar cell. In chapter 5, a variety of interfacial materials and their functions for interface engineering in printable solar cells are discussed. The fabrication and structural, optical, electrical properties of pure and doped semiconducting metal oxides and cadmium doped thick films along with their application in gas sensing has discussed in chapter 6. Chapter 7 highlights the Synthesis and applications of Hausmannite (Mn3O4).

In chapter 8, we have discussed the chemistry and physics of the sol-gel process and the coupled techniques. Additionally, the chapter also illustrates the proposed applications of sol-gel coatings, focusing the attention on the applications in the biomedical field. Chapter 9 presented the step-by-step framework for undertaking power spectrum density characterization of the surface topography of radio frequency magnetron sputtered thin films. Chapter 10 summarizes the application of coating nanomaterials for drug release. The advancement of material coating in engineering applications has been discussed in chapter 11. The chapter also focuses on the application of coated materials, the importance of coatings and ways of improving the characteristics of coatings. In chapter 12 the biomedical application of polymeric materials coating along with carbon-based coatings has been discussed. The effectiveness of producing mineral fillers via pulverization for ceramic coating materials is delivered in chapter 13. Chapter 14 highlights the different processing techniques, the physics of laser surface treatment, micro fabrication, nano fabrication and additive manufacturing. Chapter 15 has summarized the reported methods for the coating of gold species on magnetic iron oxide-based nanoparticles and their applications in the recent nanomedicine as biocompatible materials for magnetohyperthermia, photothermal therapy, fluorescent and computed tomography imaging. The recent advances in the preparation of tailor-made graphene and graphene oxides and their significant applications in catalysis is summarized in chapter 16.

I would like to express my gratitude to the International Association of Advanced Materials and to all the contributors for their collective and fruitful work. It is their efforts and expertise that have made this book comprehensive, valuable and unique. I am also grateful to Sachin Mishra, S. Patra and Anshuman Mishra, for managing the chapters and for their help and useful suggestions in preparing Photoenergy and Thin Film Materials.

Xiao-Yu YangJanuary 2019

Part IADVANCED PHOTOENERGY MATERIALS