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- Herausgeber: John Wiley & Sons
- Kategorie: Wissenschaft und neue Technologien
- Sprache: Englisch
Crystal-clear advice for maintaining a crystal-clear swimming pool Keeping a swimming pool ready for use requires some chemistry know-how, an understanding of how pool mechanics work, and some time spent doing good old-fashioned cleaning work. Pool Care For Dummies offers a reliable, comprehensive resource for building the knowledge that lets you turn pool maintenance into a do-it-yourself task. Written by a certified swimming pool professional who started taking care of pools when she was 5 years old, this book helps you separate the good advice from the bad as you learn to build an upkeep schedule, figure out what chemicals you actually need and which are less-than-magical potions, and fix the common problems that plague all pool owners. With so much trustworthy pool care advice in one place, you can finally cut back on time spent searching for swimming pool advice and more time splashing with your friends and family! * Learn how pools work and get the tools you need to keep your pool running * Test your water and maintain a safe swimming environment * Care for your and balance your above-ground or in-ground pool * Know what to do when unexpected problems arise Private pool owners who need to know what's what in the water will love this clear and complete Dummies guide.
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Seitenzahl: 698
Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2023
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Pool Care For Dummies®
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Library of Congress Control Number: 2023934944
ISBN 978-1-394-16611-4 (pbk); ISBN 978-1-394-16612-1 (ebk); ISBN 978-1-394-16613-8 (ebk)
Pool Care For Dummies®
To view this book's Cheat Sheet, simply go to www.dummies.com and search for “Pool Care For Dummies Cheat Sheet” in the Search box.
Table of Contents
Cover
Title Page
Copyright
Introduction
About This Book
Foolish Assumptions
Icons Used in This Book
Beyond the Book
Where to Go from Here
Part 1: Getting to Know Your Pool
Chapter 1: Welcome! You Now Work for a Pool!
Pool 101: Basic Anatomy
Going with the Flow: How It All Works
Being a Responsible Pool Owner
Discovering Your Inner Chemist
Practicing DIY versus Hiring a Pro
Chapter 2: Choosing the Right Kind of Pool
Location, Location, Location: Inground versus Above Ground
More than a Giant Bathtub in Your Backyard: Above Ground Pools
More than a Big Hole in Your Yard: Inground Pools
Something Different: Inflatable and Easy Set Pools
Chapter 3: The Machinery That Makes Your Pool Work
Introducing the Parts of Your Pool
Filtering Through the Options
Picking a Perfect Pool Pump
Chapter 4: Common Problems on Pool Parts
Sandy Mishaps
Maintaining Sand Filters
Cartridge Calamities
Fixing DE Filter Problems
Pump It Up!
My Light Won’t Turn On
My Multiport Valve Isn’t Working
Chapter 5: Staying Safe, Having Fun: Pool Safety
Making Your Pool Area Safe
Establishing Rules of Use for Your Pool
Keeping Kids Safe in and around Your Pool
Watching Out for Waterborne Illnesses
Part 2: Hiring Yourself as a Pool Pro
Chapter 6: Opening Your Pool for the Season
Opening an Above Ground Pool
Opening an Inground Pool
Chapter 7: Time to Get Cleaning!
Cleaning Your Pool by Hand
Turning to Automatic Cleaners
Chapter 8: Winterizing Your Pool
Winterizing: What and When
Taking the Steps to Winterize
Covering Up Your Pool
Blowing Out Underground Lines
Preventing Damage to an Open Pool in Below-Freezing Weather
Part 3: Becoming a Chemist (Well, Sort Of)
Chapter 9: The Perfect Balance
Testing, Testing!
Introducing the Langelier Saturation Index
Understanding the Importance of pH: Don’t Worry, It’s Basic
Understanding Total Alkalinity
Hardness Isn’t the Hardest
Getting the Details on Total Dissolved Solids
Temperature Is More than a Preference
Chlorine Stabilizer: Your Pool’s Sunscreen
Chapter 10: Step 1 to a Clean Pool: Sanitation
Safety First
Getting Familiar with Sanitation
Getting Clear on Your Sanitation Options
Considering Chlorine
What’s with All the Saltwater Hype?
Deciding on Bromine
Biguanide — Fun to Say, More Fun to Use!
Supplements to the Common Sanitizers
Chapter 11: Steps 2 and 3 to a Clean Pool: Oxidation and Algae Prevention
Shocking Information on Oxidizers
Choosing and Using Chlorine Shock Products
Hydrogen Peroxide — Not Just for Cuts!
Arming against Algae
Chapter 12: Solving the Problems in Your Pool Water
Identifying How Your Pool Got Cloudy
Clearing Up a Cloudy Situation
From Algae to Mold: Taking Care of Unwanted Growth
Staining and Discoloration from Metals
When Your Water Stinks
Preventing Rashes and Burning Eyes
My Pool Uses Up Chlorine Quickly
Part 4: The Part of Tens
Chapter 13: (Almost) Ten Tools You Didn’t Know You Needed
Skimmer Socks
Cover Funnel
Specialty Removal Tools
Battery-Operated Vacuums
Organizers
A Good Pole
Critter Savers
Smart Water Monitors
Quality Test Kits
Chapter 14: Ten Pool Products to Stock Up on in Spring
Getting Set with Plenty of Sanitizer
Having Enough Oxidizer
Loading Up on Algaecide
Staying Efficient with Enough Alkalinity Increaser
Prepping yourself with enough Calcium Hardness Increaser
Getting the Right Amount of pH Adjusters
Having Cyanuric Acid on Hand
Keeping Up Your Supply of Diatomaceous Earth
Getting All the Clarifiers You Need
Having Other Products in Reserve
Chapter 15: Ten Nightmare Mishaps and How to Handle Them
Someone Peed in My Pool
Someone Pooped in My Pool
I Found a Dead Animal in the Pool
My Dog Took a Dip
The Wind Blew My Glass Table In
I Accidentally Added Chlorine to My Biguanide Pool
I Dumped Motor Oil in My Pool
A Tree Fell in My Pool
There Are Thousands of Tiny Black Bugs in My Pool
My Pool Is Popping Out of the Ground
Index
About the Author
Connect with Dummies
End User License Agreement
List of Tables
Chapter 3
TABLE 3-1 Media Equivalents for a 100-lb. Sand Filter Tank
Chapter 14
TABLE 14-1 Weekly Doses of Chlorine-Based Oxidizers
TABLE 14-2 Weekly Algaecide Doses
List of Illustrations
Chapter 2
FIGURE 2-1: Types of liners: overlap (A), regular bead (B), and j-hook bead (C)...
Chapter 3
FIGURE 3-1: This inground pool skimmer has a water level about an inch too low....
FIGURE 3-2: A 3-way valve that controls a skimmer (left) and a main drain (righ...
FIGURE 3-3: A chlorinator that exploded because of cal hypo–based chlorine tabl...
FIGURE 3-4: A Hayward T-Cell 15, a very common salt cell.
FIGURE 3-5: The AquaRite control panel for the T-Cell 15.
FIGURE 3-6: A drawing of the parts in a common sand filter.
FIGURE 3-7: The arrows indicate water flow; the darker arrows show it coming in...
FIGURE 3-8: The water flow pattern of backwash and then rinse.
FIGURE 3-9: A pressure gauge with start (light) and time-to-clean (dark) arrows...
FIGURE 3-10: The darker arrows show water coming in: the lighter arrow shows wa...
FIGURE 3-11: The inside of a grid-style DE filter.
FIGURE 3-12: A Hayward Vari-Flo valve with the handle in between two settings.
FIGURE 3-13: Figure out your minimum flow rate by using this flow rate chart.
Chapter 4
FIGURE 4-1: A lateral assembly for a common kind of sand filter.
FIGURE 4-2: Inside a multiport valve after the top half is removed.
FIGURE 4-3: The drain cap on a sand filter.
FIGURE 4-4: The silica sand amount for different tank sizes.
FIGURE 4-5: The lighter arrows show the suction side, and the darker arrows sho...
FIGURE 4-6: Some pumps have proper bolts that you have to remove to get to the ...
FIGURE 4-7: The external capacitor, indicated with an arrow, is in the back of ...
FIGURE 4-8: A Hayward pump that has the side open to show internals. Arrows poi...
FIGURE 4-9: A multiport valve key assembly with parts labeled.
Chapter 6
FIGURE 6-1: Diagram of folding the pool cover over itself.
FIGURE 6-2: The proper hookup for a sand filter.
FIGURE 6-3: Pump and Return identifications on a multiport valve’s ports.
FIGURE 6-4: A safety cover removal tool.
FIGURE 6-5: Folding a cover accordion style for the spring.
FIGURE 6-6: Winter hardware includes a skimmer guard (left), plastic cap (middl...
FIGURE 6-7: Ladder bumpers in place.
Chapter 7
FIGURE 7-1: Tools needed to vacuum your pool: A vacuum head, telescopic pole, v...
FIGURE 7-2: A vacuum head attached to a telescopic pole.
FIGURE 7-3: Attach the vacuum hose securely to the vacuum head.
FIGURE 7-4: A vacuum head, pole, and hose submerged under water.
FIGURE 7-5: Place a vacuum plate attached to the vacuum hose into the skimmer.
FIGURE 7-6: Multiport valve’s settings include Waste.
FIGURE 7-7: An example 360° nylon bristled brush and a standard nylon bristled ...
FIGURE 7-8: An example of a Maytronics Dolphin robot cleaner.
FIGURE 7-9: The Solar Breeze Ariel solar skimmer.
Chapter 8
FIGURE 8-1: A disassembled return eyeball, a threaded winter plug, and an expan...
FIGURE 8-2: The height to which you want to raise safety cover anchors.
FIGURE 8-3: A cover properly installed on a pool that doesn’t get a lot of snow...
FIGURE 8-4: A cable threaded through a winch for an above ground pool cover.
Chapter 9
FIGURE 9-1: A kidney-shaped pool’s widest points, A and B.
FIGURE 9-2: The LSI equation.
FIGURE 9-3: An LSI conversion chart.
FIGURE 9-4: The pH scale and examples of what common items line up with differe...
FIGURE 9-5: Decrease your pool’s pH level by using this sodium bisulfate chart....
FIGURE 9-6: Decrease water alkalinity by using this sodium bisulfate chart.
Chapter 13
FIGURE 13-1: The easy 3-step process to use the Cover Funnel.
Guide
Cover
Title Page
Copyright
Table of Contents
Begin Reading
Index
About the Author
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Introduction
Swimming pools have been a staple in people’s lives for hundreds of years, and just about everyone has gotten a chance to enjoy one at least once in their life. They’re a place where people gather and relax, where you can melt stress away or party till you drop. But, what goes into owning a pool yourself? Just like owning any other thing in life, it’s not all sunshine and butterflies, although it may seem that way from the outside. Pools can be a lot of work sometimes, and there’s a lot to figure out and get used to. And if there’s something I know well after my years working in the pool industry, it’s that there are a lot of right and wrong ways that you can do things, and knowing as much as you can about your pool will make you a better and more confident pool owner.
What I hope to do in Pool Care For Dummies is provide a one-stop reference guide to answer all your questions and smoothly guide you through the many factors of owning a pool. There are so many kinds of pools that have different shapes, sizes, materials, chemicals, and climates, and all those factors play a part in how your specific pool should be taken care of. That being said, this book covers the basics of what most pools need and presents the information in a straightforward way.
If you own a pool or want to own a pool someday, this book is going to give you the answers to all of the most important and commonly asked questions. It will give you the peace of mind that this is all just a learning curve, and after you understand the why’s and the how’s, it’s all smooth sailing from there.
About This Book
Pool Care For Dummies won’t cover everything pool-related in the world, but it does cover the care that all pools should be receiving and how to do it. The different types of care and the frequency with which they need to be done can feel overwhelming to the beginner, and this book will simplify even the hardest of tasks. There are a lot of pieces and processes that keep a pool clear, clean, and safe. These are some of the aspects of pool ownership I cover in this book:
The kinds of pools out there:
Not all pools are the same, that’s for sure. There are inground, above ground, vinyl liner, plaster, and so on. All of these types of pools have unique qualities that make them different from one another, and knowing those differences will help you know your pool better or help you choose the correct kind of pool for your lifestyle and needs.
What makes up your swimming pool:
As a kid, a pool may have just seemed like a body of water that sustained itself with very little intervention, and sometimes that’s the case. But it’s because of all the pieces — from pumps to filters to skimmers — that make a pool different from a pond. By figuring out what all the parts are and how they work together, you can be a well-informed pool owner who can prevent problems and solve issues.
What kind of problems you may run into:
As much as you’d probably love your pool to run flawlessly forever and ever without any extra work, it’s sadly not a reality. But don’t fret! You’re going to learn from my experience about what to look out for, how to identify your crisis, and how to solve it.
Routine maintenance:
There’s nothing more important than maintaining the quality of the pool you have. When it comes to swimming pools, some avoidable mistakes can be made, and they can be expensive or time consuming to correct. I cover all the ways you can protect your investment.
Opening and closing your pool:
For some people, this section won’t apply to you because you are blessed with beautiful pool weather all year long. Well, for people like me who live in New England, opening your pool in the spring and closing it in the fall is a necessary act.
I’ve divided this book up into parts, based on these topics:
Part 1
: Getting to Know Your Pool:
Get all the details on what is involved with being a pool owner. I give you the lowdown on the different types of pools out there and get you acquainted with the parts that make your pool run. You also discover how to troubleshoot problems with pool parts and how to keep your guests safe when using your pool.
Part 2
: Hiring Yourself as a Pool Pro:
There’s nothing more important than maintaining the quality of the pool you have. If you don’t want to hire the pros to do it, I tell you how to do regular cleanings, open your pool at the start of the season, and close it when the season ends.
Part 3
: Becoming a Chemist (Well, Sort Of):
This Part goes into the nitty gritty about what chemicals are needed to maintain your pool and how to use them to keep your pool clear, clean, and safe.
Part 4
: The Part of Tens:
This Part offers tips on what to have on hand for your pool and how to deal with the unexpected.
My main objective in this book is to open you up to all the things you need to do and know to make a pool a relaxing and fun part of your home, rather than a nuisance. Finding that sweet spot can take time and patience at first, but after you get the hang of it, a pool is hard to live without.
Foolish Assumptions
For this book, I’m going to assume that you’re buying it for one or more of these reasons:
You recently bought a home that has a pool or just got a pool at your existing home — and you’re now stepping into uncharted territory.
You’re considering buying a pool, and you want to see if all the hype is really worth it.
You want to have one trustworthy source to guide you, instead of taking all your suggestions from random blogs on the internet.
You’ve owned a pool for years and have had nothing but problems from the beginning, so you’re looking for some help.
You’re interested in the swimming pool industry as a career path, and you want to educate yourself more on things that you haven’t learned yet. (If that’s the case, welcome! After you’re a part of the pool industry, it’s a hard career to leave.)
Icons Used in This Book
There will be pictures in the margins of this book called icons, they’re there to help point out specific information that you might find useful.
This icon will point out a specific trick I’ve figured out that can help you in the future.
This is an icon that will mark important information that I want you to pay special attention to or something that you want to keep in mind if you’re preforming a task recommended in the book.
This is probably the most important icon used in this particular book, mainly because pools have the potential to be dangerous and it’s so crucial that you keep your pool and your actions as safe as possible.
When you see this icon, you know I’m about to get a little techy. You can skip this information if you want, but I like to include some extra science stuff and machinery facts to help you become a well-rounded pool owner.
Beyond the Book
For a reference guide, see the online Cheat Sheet. To access it, search for “Pool Care for Dummies Cheat Sheet” at www.dummies.com. This Cheat Sheet will give you a few other fun and useful facts that you may want to know about the swimming pool you use every day.
Where to Go from Here
I’ve designed this book to make it so that you can easily find a subject that you want to know about and jump right to it. Swimming pools can be intimidating, so this is a way for you to get your answers quickly and with the best information.
If swimming pools are completely new to you, I suggest you start with Chapter 1, which will give you a general overview of your pool and why learning about it is so important. But if you would like to jump right in, you can skip right to Chapter 2 and begin discovering the ins and outs of pools.
You can read this book from cover to cover or you can take a look at the Table of Contents and head to any chapter that interests you. Keep this book in a convenient place so you can refer to it whenever an issue crops up (say, Chapter 12 if you’re having water problems) or if you want to stock up on products in the spring (head to Chapter 14). However way you choose to use this book, I hope you find it a useful resource.
This book is meant to be fun, and to make you feel less stressed out about having a pool installed in your yard. Pools are fun — you just have to play your role in keeping them that way.
Have fun, and happy swimming!
Part 1
Getting to Know Your Pool
IN THIS PART …
Get introduced to the basics of owning a pool and what comes with pool care.
Discover the differences between above ground and inground pools, along with some details about saltwater pools.
Identify all the moving parts that make your pool work and how they work together.
Troubleshoot some common issues that can happen with your pool, from pump problems to filter failures.
Keep yourself and others safe in and around your pool.
Chapter 1
Welcome! You Now Work for a Pool!
IN THIS CHAPTER
Getting familiar with all the parts of a pool
Following the flow of water through your pool system
Taking care of your pool and its chemicals
Doing the pool work yourself or hiring someone to help
Owning a pool can be so fun — and a bit terrifying when you’re first starting out. Either way, I have you covered! I know pools like the back of my hand, and I’m here to help you be a confident pool owner. Getting to know your pool, and its wants and needs, is a winding road. And sometimes, you’ll make mistakes. My goal is to guide you and give you the tools and knowledge that you need to navigate this road. Use this first chapter as a guide for where you need to go in the book to get answers for any problems you may be dealing with and for any topics you may want to learn more about. We’re in this together.
Pool 101: Basic Anatomy
When you were a kid, you probably thought that a pool was made up of two things: walls and water. That’s because those are the only parts that matter for the people who aren’t taking care of the pool Now, you get to see that a pool is much more than just a body of water. It’s a whole network of machines and chemicals that work together to create the perfect shimmering luxury oasis that you always wanted.
The following sections cover all the parts of the pool and how they work together.
The pool itself
This is the part you’re probably most familiar with, the structure of the pool.
If you have an above ground pool, here are its parts:
Inside:
Made up of a vinyl liner
Outside:
Made of either steel or aluminum walls
If you have an inground pool, there are several different types of construction. Some popular options include
Liner on a steel wall
Liner on a concrete wall
Fiberglass
Plaster
Pebble tech
Knowing what type of pool you have is important because chemical ranges and pool cleaning equipment vary depending on the surface. Turn to Chapter 2 for more details on the components that make up a pool.
If you don’t have a pool yet, figuring out what kind of pool is best for you really comes down to where you are and what you’re looking to get out of your pool experience. You need to do some research and talk to a pool professional to discover what will work best for your budget, your location, and your lifestyle.
The plumbing
Your pool’s plumbing consists of the pipes that connect your pool to the pump and filter equipment. Your plumbing plays a part in how many hours you need to run your pump and how big a pump you can fit. This is because your water flow can go only as fast as the pipe it’s moving in. Realistically the average running time is 8 to 12 hours a day. The plumbing leads to the skimmers that catch all your surface debris, and it leads to the returns that help circulate the water and kick up anything settled on the bottom.
For inground pools, the plumbing is located underground. For above ground pools, it’s located on the outside in less permanent and easily removable hoses. Unless it was plumbed with hard PVC plumbing, but that is not standardly their setup.
The pump and filter
As far as bodies of water go, one of the main things that separates a pond from a pool, besides the ecosystem, is the circulation and filtration of the water:
Pump: The pump is like the heart of your pool. It’s made up of the front housing with the basket, the internal parts (most importantly the impeller) and the motor. It’s what brings the water from your pool into the filtration system, sends that water through all the necessary machinery, and then forces the water back to the pool. It’s the part of your pool that does all the circulation, which prevents the water from becoming stagnant and, well, swampy.
There are different pumps for above ground pools and inground pools, and they come in different strengths and sizes. They can be single speed, two speed, or variable speed, which all have their own special characteristics.
Filter: Your pump wouldn’t be anything without your filter. Your filter is made up of a tank that holds the actual filtering component (sand, cartridge, DE element) and, in some cases a multiport valve. It is the part that pulls out the not-clean stuff that ends up in your pool water. If you had only a pump, the water would be moving, the chemicals would be circulated, but nothing would ever clear up.
If you have algae in your pool, all the chemicals and water circulation in the world wouldn’t get your pool to clear because the algae (even if it’s dead) would continue to float around in the water. The filter is there to help grab all the physical contaminants and prevent them from going back into the pool.
There are three main kinds of pool filter: sand, diatomaceous earth (DE), and cartridge. All three have their benefits and their flaws, but all of them work to keep your pool clear.
Check out Chapters 3 and 4 for a lot of information about how these important pool parts work and how to take care of them.
The suction and pressure parts
On all pools, you will have an enter and exit port(s) for your pool’s circulation. On the suction side, which is going to be where the water is being pulled in and drawn to the filter system, you have three common kinds:
Skimmer:
This looks like a rectangular or square opening on the side of the pool that leads to a cylindrical housing containing a basket. The access to that basket is from the top, which may be in your surrounding pool deck, and it will be covered with a lid.
Main drain:
This will be where water can be pulled into the pump from the floor of the pool. It will be covered by a circular grate(s) to prevent large items from getting sucked into the pump.
Side suction:
A side suction is going to be an inch and a half-sized hole in the side of the pool covered by a grate. This can be used as a manual vacuum line or just an alternative suction for the pump.
On the pressure side, your return pipes can lead to the pool through a few different avenues. The most common way you will have the water come back into the pool is through the wall returns. They are holes in the wall that have directional eyeballs in them to guide the returning water in the right direction for proper circulation. The other options are through floor returns, which typically have pop-up heads that raise with water pressure. Those allow good circulation while also disturbing the pool floor and helping kick up and filter settled debris.
Other stuff that your pool may have
Outside of moving and filtering your water, there may be other components to your filter system that have jobs, as well:
Heaters:
There are various ways to heat your pool, such as using gas-fired heaters or electric heat pumps.
Sanitizers:
You can sanitize your water with a salt-to-chlorine generator or an in-line chlorinator.
Did you know that a saltwater pool is still a chlorine pool? Now you do!
All these parts will be in the same area as your pump and filter (ideally).
Going with the Flow: How It All Works
Understanding how all the parts work together as a whole will make you more comfortable with your pool. To start, you have the area where all of your plumbing begins — at your suctions. On all pools, you’ll have at least a skimmer. Some other pools will have suctions at the bottom of the pool where water can be pulled in from the deepest points. These bottom suctions are excellent in improving proper circulation in your pool.
Here’s the progression of water through your pool system:
The skimmer and suctions have the water drawn into them through the suction of the pump’s motor, where it passes through the skimmer basket
Technically pump and motor are two different terms, but commonly it is called the same thing. The pump is the entire assembly, which is the housing with the basket, the impeller, and all plastic pieces along with the pump motor. The motor is just the electrical part of the pump.
After the water enters the pump, it goes through one more basket that catches large debris in the front of the pump.
After that basket, the water is under pressure, being pushed through things instead of being sucked into things.
Directly after the pump, the water is forced into your filter.
All filters work in a similar fashion in regards to water flow. The water is forced through some sort of element such as sand, fabric, or powdered diatomaceous earth (DE).
If you have a heater, the water is sent on to that piece of equipment.
The water passes through and heats up at the same time so that it’s nice and warm for its return to the pool.
If you have an additional sanitizing system, such as an inline chlorinator or salt-to-chlorine generator, the water goes through that system last before returning to the pool.
Those two systems infuse small amounts of chlorine into the water while it passes through, and then that chlorine will get mixed into all the pool water, effectively sanitizing it.
The water is pushed back into the pool.
The flow of the water coming back into the pool is strategically angled so that you get optimal circulation, no matter what kind of pool you have.
The cycle repeats for as long as you have your pump running.
Being a Responsible Pool Owner
If you’re going to be responsible for an expensive investment into your staycation wonderland, you’re going to want to know how to not only keep it clean, but to keep it safe and protected.
A pool isn’t a self-sustaining environment with an ecosystem and natural water chemistry to keep it in check. It takes a bit of work to keep it nice and clean, and to make sure it’s safe to swim in.
Safety first
You want your pool to be fun and safe. When it comes to pools, safety comes in two forms:
Using caution when dealing with chemicals
Providing a safe swimming environment
Practicing chemical safety
A pool and pool chemicals probably seem different to you than a science lab filled with beakers and chemicals, but they’re both equally as dangerous. Chemical handling is the most overlooked part of owning a pool because it’s assumed that if you can buy the chemical at your local discount supply store, it must be perfectly safe to handle. Unfortunately, that really isn’t the case.
Getting chemicals on your skin or in your eyes can cause irritation and even injury. And mixing chemicals incorrectly can result in fires, explosions, and death. These chemicals are no joke: Always handle your pool chemicals with care and never put them in the hands of a child.
Keeping your pool area safe
Keep the people and pets who will be using your pool safe. Pools have hazards that require having safety procedures in place. Here are a few points to keep in mind:
Create a list of safety rules for guests to follow and post them near the pool.
Be sure to have a secure fence either around your yard or around the pool itself.
Make sure safety equipment, such as a life ring, is easy to access.
Install equipment such as drain covers and safety covers to prevent injuries.
By taking preventative safety measures, you can guard against accidents. See Chapter 5 for details on ways to keep your pool area safe.
Proper maintenance
Pool problem prevention is always less expensive and more effective than correction. Keeping your pool well balanced and well maintained will prolong the life of every part of your pool. If you clean often, you filter will last longer. If you balance your water, literally every piece of equipment in your pool, whether rubber or metal, will last longer. If you keep up on algaecides and shocks (which I talk about in Chapter 11), you can prevent a costly algae bloom from forming. The list goes on and on — proper maintenance will save you money in the long run.
Putting off weekly maintenance might mean having to spend extra time and money cleaning up a cloudy pool. When you have limited days in which to enjoy your pool, you want to be able to use the pool whenever you want. You don’t want to risk using up good pool days cleaning because you let the upkeep slip. Create a good maintenance schedule and stick to it. Look to Chapter 7 and the chapters in Part 3 for information on cleaning and chemicals.
Discovering Your Inner Chemist
Pool chemistry is my favorite subject! Your pool chemistry is what will keep you and your pool safe from long-term damage. There’s a little bit that goes into the balancing of all those chemicals, and figuring out how all the parts relate to each other will be the biggest hurdle. For pool chemistry to make sense, you must be familiar with the concepts related to what each chemical is supposed to do and how they react with one. Don’t look at the long chemical names and become overwhelmed. Look at what that chemical does to your water to make it a safer and more comfortable environment for bathers.
Chemicals are used to sanitize and balance your pool’s water. The following sections introduce you to how chemistry will work for your pool.
Keeping your pool clean and clear
Sanitation is what you do to keep your pool water clean. You add chemicals to your water to kill bacteria and other contaminants and to help keep the water nice and clear — and safe for people to swim in. When you’re picking a way to keep your pool clean, you have three major types of products to choose from (which you can read about in detail in Chapter 10):
Chlorine: This is the most common and usually least expensive way to sanitize a pool. It is highly efficient because of its aggression on bacteria and other contaminates, but that also makes it known for being slightly more aggressive on surfaces of the pool and on skin and eyes. It is used as a maintenance sanitizer through tablets or powder and also can be found in a liquid form which is more for shocking (oxidizing).
Saltwater pools are becoming very popular. Some people don’t realize that saltwater pools still require chlorine. These pools use a salt-to-chlorine generator to create chlorine gas by splitting the sodium chloride (salt) molecules.
Bromine: Most commonly used in hot tubs, this chemical is very similar to chlorine in a lot of ways because it’s also a halogen-based sanitizer (chlorine and bromine are grouped together on the Periodic Table). But it has two major flaws to it in the pool world:
Breaks down in sunlight:
Bromine doesn’t hold up well in the sun. UV light destabilizes it and breaks it down, so the numbers drop quickly in a pool sitting in direct sunlight.
Costs a pretty penny:
Over the past few years, bromine has become extremely expensive, costing almost double as much as chlorine does.
If you are using bromine in your pool, it is most commonly found in a tablet form and used in a similar way to chlorine tablets as a maintenance sanitizer. It can be found in a powder form but that is most commonly seen in use for spas.
Biguanide:
This bromine- and chlorine-free sanitizer was originally created to be a less aggressive hand sanitizer for scrubbing in as a surgeon. Biguanide has become a popular choice for people who want a pool that’s completely halogen free. It tends to be on the more expensive side, and it certainly has a learning curve to it. But if you have money, and dedication required to use this system, you’ll never want a different one because it is so soft on your skin and your pool will be looking brand new for decades.
All the products come in a liquid form with very simple dosing. You use the same amount every week of the same chemicals for maintenance. If you run into a problem, like algae or water mold, just use higher doses of the products you use weekly. See Chapters 10 and 11 for all the clean-pool requirements.
Chemicals and the importance of balancing them
Balancing your pool chemical levels is more important than almost any other thing when it comes to pool maintenance. Your pool water balance is made up of your total alkalinity, pH, calcium hardness, temperature, total dissolved solids (TDS), and cyanuric acid (CYA). All those pieces fit together like a puzzle to keep your pool from basically eating itself from the inside out.
When I say “balance your water,” I’m referring to the process of getting your water to not be scale-forming or corrosive. Those two water states can quickly lead to a disaster in your system, on your surface, and on the surrounding pieces of equipment. Essentially, your goal is to make sure that the water in your pool craves no extra minerals that it doesn’t have or need. Water will always try to reach some sort of equilibrium, and to get there, it requires a certain amount of minerals in its balance. If it’s lacking them, it will take those minerals from anything it touches. And if it has too much, it will deposit them on all those same things.
Another important part about water balancing involves making sure the sanitizer that’s killing bacteria and preventing illness remains efficient. Your pool chemistry’s cause and effect will change the way the water wants to go. For example, if your acidity level is very high, the water lands on the scaling side and could create actual physical scale on the inside of things that are in your pool system. It also directly affects the speed and efficiency with which your sanitizer reacts, especially chlorine. If you have a bunch of chlorine in the pool, but it’s only 8 percent efficient because of the poor balance of the other chemical components of the water, then the chlorine in the water isn’t doing you much good.
Head to Chapter 9 for everything you need to know to keep your pool in perfect balance.
Practicing DIY versus Hiring a Pro
One question will always flick around in pool owners’ minds, especially in the summertime: Do you hire a professional to do regular cleaning and maintenance, or do you do it yourself?
I think this is really a question based on personal preference. For instance, in my line of work, pool season is non-stop. You may be like me and have very limited time off. And when you do have it, you probably want to enjoy it. I don’t currently have my own pool, but if I did, I would likely want someone to do my weekly service and even my openings and closings. It would be nice to come home and use your pool whenever you want and know it’s balanced and clean without having to do anything. I would totally do that.
On the flip side, there are a lot of people who enjoy cleaning their pools. I like cleaning pools, obviously, because I do it for a living. So I understand someone wanting to do it themselves. If you have the available time to spend and you don’t mind doing the work, I think everyone can do maintenance on their own pool.
Where I do recommend hiring a professional is when it comes to winterizing your pool, especially if you have a pool that has underground lines. If you’re in an environment where your water is going to freeze, unless you are 100 percent confident in what you’re doing, I don’t recommend winterizing your pipes on your own. I’ve seen too many simple mistakes made because the person trying to winterize the pool was inexperienced but didn’t want to pay someone (which I really do understand). But their little mistake led to a cracked pipe underneath the concrete deck. It quickly turned into a very expensive fix.
Chapter 2
Choosing the Right Kind of Pool
IN THIS CHAPTER
Finding the right pool for your location
Climbing into above ground pools
Diving into inground pools
Testing out the pool life with less-permanent options
When you first start the journey of picking out a pool, it's usually a battle between inground or above ground, round or oval, rectangle or free form. Although a lot of these things can come down to purely just personal preference, I’ve been asked my opinion on what’s “better” almost every time I do a sales pitch. Better is a word that’s left up to the buyer’s interpretation. Some people may think it’s better to get an oval pool because of the length, where others may think round is better for their property shape.
So, let me just break down the good, the bad, and the ugly of each style of pool in this chapter, and you can decide what’s best for you.
Location, Location, Location: Inground versus Above Ground
Being a person from the Granite State (that’s New Hampshire), I run into problems when it comes to choosing a good location more often than you might think. With inground pools, you obviously have to dig a massive hole. And in some areas right around where I live, the rocks in the ground make digging a hole like that nearly impossible. There are always size restrictions that you have to consider — and not just for the pool itself, but also the machinery that will be needed to build that pool. Inground pools require excavators and other construction equipment to be able to dig into the yard where the pool is going.
Of course, above ground pools also need excavation equipment and a way to bring in the stone dust or sand for the base, so both pools need ample room in their build location. The best part of an above ground pool is that, as long as it isn’t over any part of a septic system, you don’t have nearly as many restrictions. Above ground pool installers need to dig down only 6 feet or so — as long as they don’t hit a boulder 5 feet down, you should be okay.
There’s also the consideration of what kind of environment you’ll be building in. For example:
If you’re in an area that has a high water table, an inground pool may not even be a choice. Or if it is, there will always be the possibility of your pool liner floating away from the walls because water can creep in between the liner and the wall, or even the pool itself being popped out of the ground.
If you’re in a very high wind area, like on a hill or mountain, you have to consider the effects of wind if you want to install an above ground pool. Above ground pools can handle quite a bit of turbulence, but everything has a breaking point.
If you’re in an area near a coast, the salt in the air from the ocean is factor to consider and may limit your above ground pool options. The salts are very corrosive on most metals. The corrosion that saltwater causes will destroy a steel pool very quickly, and that damage wouldn’t be covered under warranty.
No matter your location — whether it’s rocky and surrounded by trees, or level with nary an obstacle in sight — it’s best to meet with a professional to go over all options available to you and to find out what restrictions may be in play that you weren’t even aware of.
More than a Giant Bathtub in Your Backyard: Above Ground Pools
For some reason, an above ground pool is seen as a less long-term fixture that doesn’t require as much maintenance as an inground pool does. Well, my dad’s pool has been up since 2004, and it’s still in excellent condition because he takes excellent care of it. Above ground pools are an expensive investment and not to be taken lightly. Unless you’re purchasing a $300 inflatable or easy set pool from a big box store (which I talk about in the section “Something Different: Inflatable and Easy Set Pools,” later in this chapter), expect your pool to last on average around 10 years. But, with proper upkeep, you could get 15, or even 20 years of use.
All pools require maintenance and a little bit of know-how, so an above ground isn’t any less work than an inground pool of equal size. (Flip to the section “More than a Big Hole in Your Yard: Inground Pools,” later in this chapter, for the details on inground pools.) Above ground pools are just as susceptible to algae and chemical damage as inground pools, but they’re also just as capable of providing an at-home staycation.
Looking at the benefits of an above ground pool
Above ground pools can be just as fun and relaxing as inground pools, and they can be a lot less work to get! There are a lot of perks in choosing above ground pools:
The less-expensive option: The average 15-foot-by-30-foot oval above ground pool is around $15,000 to $20,000 total after being installed. That price tag includes permits, installation of electrical and filter systems, and adding water and accessories. There are some options that may be more expensive and some that may be less expensive, but standard above ground pools are always less expensive than their inground counterparts.
If you went with a slat-wall aluminum pool (commonly referred to as an on-ground pool) from the manufacturers Gibraltar or Kayak, or a custom sectional wall pool from the manufacturer Radiant, then you could absolutely end up in a much higher price range. But that’s where research will do you some good, figuring out what may be best for you.
A temporary fixture: Above ground pools are considered a temporary fixture by building departments, so they don’t affect your property’s resale value. For a long time, an inground pool was usually seen as a negative to your house’s value. But with the Covid-19 pandemic, an inground pool became more of a selling feature.
Having the ability to remove the pool with very little expense is a big plus for above ground pools. I know that, after the kids grow up and no one uses the pool anymore, homeowners often just pay to have an above ground pool torn down and use the stone dust/sand base (this is the material brought in to be the level and cushiony base underneath your liner) as a spot for a fire pit.
Equal the amount of fun: An above ground pool brings just as much fun and relaxation to you and your friends and family as an inground pool. I grew up with an above ground pool that had a simple rectangle deck, and we had a blast jumping in, swimming for hours, or just relaxing on a float. We had as much fun in our above ground pool as we did in my friend’s inground pool.
Having a deck, even a small one, makes all the difference. Being able to crawl out of the pool and lay out without having to get fully out of the pool allows you to relax and hang out longer.
Adaptable to most locations:
Above ground pools have a major benefit because they can work in most yards. In locations where an inground pool isn’t an option — such as areas that are too rocky, or that may have a high water table or poorly placed septic system — an above ground pool may be your best option.
Easy to close: Another advantage to above ground pools is that they’re a much more homeowner-friendly pool to close, when compared with inground pools. (Opening above ground pools can be just as much work as inground pools, but closing them is no comparison.) As long as you follow basic guidelines, winterizing can be quick and easy, with very little chance for winter damage. (For details on opening a pool, check out Chapter 6 and for information on winterizing, turn to Chapter 8.)
Winter damage isn’t always in your control, but the preventative measures to limit the risks are much simpler on an above ground pool than an inground one.
Choosing the right above ground for you
When choosing an above ground pool, there are a few factors you want to take into consideration. First is the size and shape of the pool, because you do have options! Another thing to consider are the materials that make up the frame of the pool. Then, you want to decide on how high you would like the walls to be and what type of liner will work best.
Oval versus round
An oval pool could be considered a little bit more fun than a round pool. The length is better for laps, volleyball, and splitting the pool up into a play side and a relaxing side (such as with kids and parents). Ovals also tend to be a little easier to fit in some yards. In my town, the housing lots are small, so people often opt for an oval pool because it can give you more water but take up less space. Oval pools are also easier to build a deck against, and usually allow you to get a larger deck that needs less complicated angles.
As for price, the oval is the more expensive of the two shapes for a number of reasons:
Complex constructional requirements needed to keep the long sides of an oval pool sturdy and straight
A special bracket system that contributes to a lengthier and more complicated install
More expensive materials
Round versus oval
A round pool will be not only less expensive to purchase than an oval pool, but also less expensive to install. A 24-foot round pool can hold the same volume of water as a 15-foot-by-30-foot oval pool, but the oval pool can be almost double the cost to have installed.
Round pools have the effect of feeling much larger than oval pools. If you were to see a 24-foot round pool and a 15-foot-by-30-foot oval pool next to each other, the 24-foot round pool seems roomier. If you’re looking to get a bigger bang for your buck, I feel that round is the way to go.
Choosing frame materials
For the frame of your pool, you have three main options:
Steel
Aluminum
Resin
Steel is going to be the most common option for frame and wall choice. It is a heavy duty, durable material that is going to be the least expensive available to you. Since the pandemic, steel costs have risen quite a bit, but it is still the lowest price point option. Durability is really where this material is top tier. It can withstand a lot is wear and tear from roughhousing young swimmers! Where it lacks, is going to be the rusting factor. With proper care, such as balancing your water and being sure all leaks are addressed immediately, steel will stay rust-free and strong for years and years. What it can’t handle is salt. Saltwater pools are a no-no in steel-framed above ground pools due to its seriously corrosive nature, and in most cases, it completely voids your pool’s warranty.
Aluminum is a great choice because it has similar durability as steel with zero chance of rust. Now, the aluminum frame does have the possibility of corrosion from salt, so again this is not an option if you are looking to have a saltwater pool. I think aluminum is a great choice if you are going with a more traditional style of sanitizing your pool because of the fact is does not rust. Aluminum does tend to be a more expensive option from steel, since it is just a more expensive material in general, but I think the benefits are worth it.
Resin frame pools have been the way to go lately. A major reason is because it is the only acceptable frame option if you want a saltwater pool. Resin frames are not quite as durable against physical abuse such as tree limbs falling or swimmers sitting on them, but it is still a very strong material.
