Power Line Communications E-Book

• Herausgeber: John Wiley & Sons
• Kategorie: Wissenschaft und neue Technologien
• Sprache: Englisch

Seitenzahl: 1199

Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2016

Beschreibung

This second edition of Power Line Communications will show some adjustments in content including new material on PLC for home and industry, PLC for multimedia, PLC for smart grid and PLC for vehicles. Additional chapters include coverage of Channel Characterization, Electromagnetic Compatibility, Coupling, and Digital Transmission Techniques. This book will provide the reader with a wide coverage of the major developments within the field. With contributions from some of the most active researchers on PLC, the book brings together a wealth of international experts on specific PLC topics.

Leseprobe

POWER LINE COMMUNICATIONS

PRINCIPLES, STANDARDS AND APPLICATIONS FROM MULTIMEDIA TO SMART GRID

Second Edition

Edited by

Lutz Lampe, Andrea M. Tonello, and Theo G. Swart

This edition first published 2016 © 2016, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

First Edition published in 2010

Registered officeJohn Wiley & Sons Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, United Kingdom

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Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty: While the publisher and author have used their best efforts in preparing this book, they make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this book and specifically disclaim any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. It is sold on the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering professional services and neither the publisher nor the author shall be liable for damages arising herefrom. If professional advice or other expert assistance is required, the services of a competent professional should be sought.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Names: Lampe, Lutz, editor. | Tonello, Andrea M., editor. | Swart, Theo G., editor. Title: Power line communications : principles, standards and applications from multimedia to smart grid /  [edited by] Lutz Lampe, Andrea M. Tonello, Theo G. Swart. Description: Second edition | Chichester, UK ; Hoboken, NJ : John Wiley & Sons, 2016. | Includes index. |  Previously published as: Power line communications : theory and applications for narrowband and broadband  communications over power lines, 2010.

Identifiers: LCCN 2015048934| ISBN 9781118676714 (cloth) | ISBN 9781118676776 (epub)

Subjects: LCSH: Electric lines–Carrier transmission. | Broadband communication systems.

Classification: LCC TK5103.15 .P695 2016 | DDC 621.382–dc23

LC record available at http://lccn.loc.gov/2015048934

A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.

CONTENTS

List of Contributors

Preface

List of Acronyms

1: Introduction

1.1 What is a Name?

1.2 Historical Notes

1.3 About the Book

References

Note

2: Channel Characterization

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Channel Modeling Fundamentals

2.3 Models for Low Voltage (LV) Channels: Outdoor and Indoor Cases

2.4 Models for Medium Voltage (MV) Channels

2.5 Models for Outdoor Channels: High Voltage Case

2.6 MIMO Channels

2.7 Noise and Interference

2.8 Reference Channel Models and Software

2.9 Channels in Other Scenarios

References

Notes

3: Electromagnetic Compatibility

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Parameters for EMC Considerations

3.3 Electromagnetic Emission

3.4 Electromagnetic Susceptibility

3.5 EMC Coordination

3.6 EMC Standardization and Regulation in Europe

3.7 Coupling Between Power Line and other Wireline Communications Systems

3.8 Final Remarks

References

Notes

4: Coupling

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Coupling Networks

4.3 LV Coupling

4.4 HV Coupling

4.5 MV Coupling

4.6 Summary

References

5: Digital Transmission Techniques

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Single Carrier Modulation

5.3 Multicarrier Modulations

5.4 Current and Voltage Modulations

5.5 Ultra-wideband Modulation

5.6 Impulse Noise Mitigation

5.7 MIMO Transmission

5.8 Coding Techniques

References

Notes

6: Medium Access Control and Layers Above in PLC

6.1 Introduction

6.2 MAC Layer Concepts

6.3 Protocols for Different Power Line Communications Applications and Domains

6.4 Multiple-user Resource Allocation

6.5 Cooperative Power Line Communications

References

Notes

7: PLC for Home and Industry Automation

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Home and Industry Automation Using PLC

7.3 Popular Home Automation Protocols

7.4 Power Line Communication Application for Refrigeration Containers Ships

7.5 Windowed Frequency Hopping System AMIS CX1-Profile

7.6 DigitalSTROM®

7.7 Conclusion

References

8: Multimedia PLC Systems

8.1 Introduction

8.2 QoS Requirements for Multimedia Traffic

8.3 Optimizing PLC for Multimedia

8.4 Standards on Broadband PLC-Networking Technology

8.5 The IEEE 1901 Broadband Over Power Line Standard

8.6 Performance Evaluation

8.7 HomePlug AV2

8.8 ITU-T G.996x (G.hn)

References

Notes

9: PLC for Smart Grid

9.1 Introduction

9.2 Standards

9.3 Regulation

9.4 Applications

9.5 Conclusions

References

10: PLC for Vehicles

10.1 Introduction

10.2 Advantages of PLC

10.3 Studies of PLC for Vehicles

10.4 Challenges for PLC

10.5 An Experimental Implementation

10.6 Alternative to and Integration of PLC

References

Note

11: Conclusions

Index

EULA

List of Tables

Chapter 2

Table 2.1

Table 2.2

Table 2.3

Table 2.4

Table 2.5

Table 2.6

Table 2.7

Table 2.8

Table 2.9

Table 2.10

Table 2.11

Table 2.12

Table 2.13

Table 2.14

Table 2.15

Table 2.16

Table 2.17

Chapter 3

Table 3.1

Table 3.2

Table 3.3

Table 3.4

Table 3.5

Table 3.6

Table 3.7

Table 3.8

Table 3.9

Table 3.10

Table 3.11

Table 3.12

Chapter 4

Table 4.1

Table 4.2

Chapter 5

Table 5.1

Table 5.2

Table 5.3

Table 5.4

Table 5.5

Table 5.6

Table 5.7

Table 5.8

Chapter 6

Table 6.1

Table 6.2

Chapter 7

Table 7.1

Table 7.2

Table 7.3

Chapter 8

Table 8.1

Chapter 9

Table 9.1

Table 9.2

Table 9.3

Table 9.4

Table 9.5

Table 9.6

Table 9.7

Table 9.8

Table 9.9

Table 9.10

Guide

Cover

Table of Contents

Preface

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List of Contributors

Iñigo Berganza

Iberdrola, Section 9.1, 9.4

Gerd Bumiller

Hochschule Ruhr West – University of Applied Sciences, Chapter 7, Section 9.1

Francisco J. Cañete

University of Málaga, Section 2.3.1, 2.3.3, 2.9.2

José A. Cortés

University of Málaga, Section 6.4

Anand Dabak

Texas Instruments, Section 9.3

Salvatore D’Alessandro

University of Udine, Section 6.4

Le Phu Do

Dresden University of Technology, Section 6.2, 6.3

Klaus Dostert

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Section 2.3.1, 2.3.2, 5.2.2

Stefano Galli

Assia Inc., Section 2.2, Chapter 8

Mauro Girotto

University of Udine, Section 5.5

George Hallak

Hochschule Ruhr West – University of Applied Sciences, Chapter 7

Holger Hirsch

University of Duisburg-Essen, Section 3.1 to 3.6 (except 3.5.3)

Masaaki Katayama

Nagoya University, Section 2.7

Cornelis J. Kikkert

James Cook University, Chapter 4

Michael Koch

devolo AG, Section 3.1 to 3.6 (except 3.5.3)

Lutz Lampe

University of British Columbia, Editor, Section 2.8, 5.5, 6.5, Chapter 10

Haniph Latchman

University of Florida, Chapter 8

Ralf Lehnert

Dresden University of Technology, Section 6.2, 6.3, 9.1

Martine Lienard

University of Lille, Section 2.9.2

Sina Mashayekhi

University of British Columbia, Section 2.4

Anil Mengi

devolo AG, Section 9.2, 9.3

Dave G. Michelson

University of British Columbia, Section 2.4

Marcel Nassar

The University of Texas at Austin, Section 2.7

Moslem Noori

University of British Columbia, Section 6.5

Fabienne Nouvel

Institut d’Electronique et de Télécommun. de Rennes, Chapter 10

Vladimir Oksman

Lantiq, Chapter 8

Riccardo Pighi

Selta Group, Section 2.5

Antti Pinomaa

Lappeenranta University of Technology, Section 2.9.1

Gautham Prasad

University of Florida, Chapter 8

Riccardo Raheli

University of Parma, Section 5.2

Marco Raugi

University of Pisa, Section 2.9.3

David Rieken

Aclara, Section 5.4

Alberto Sendin

Iberdrola, Section 9.1, 9.4

Theo G. Swart

University of Johannesburg, Editor, Section 5.8

Andrea M. Tonello

University of Klagenfurt, Editor, Section 2.3.3, 2.6, 2.8, 5.3, 5.5, 6.4, 6.5

Mauro Tucci

University of Pisa, Section 2.9.3

Fabio Versolatto

WiTiKee, Section 2.6

A. J. Han Vinck

University of Duisburg-Essen, Section 5.2.1

Stephan Weiss

University of Strathclyde, Section 5.7

Nico Weling

devolo AG, Section 3.5.3

Lawrence W. Yonge III

Qualcomm Atheros, Inc., Chapter 8

Ahmed Zeddam

France Telecom, Orange Labs, Section 3.7

Preface

This book is the second edition of Power Line Communications: Theory and Applications for Narrowband and Broadband Communications over Power Lines published in 2010. As for the first edition, it has been our intention to present the most comprehensive coverage of the technical field of power line communications (PLC) that is available in a single publication. The scope of this book is uniquely wide, not only for a book on PLC. Compared to the first edition, the content has been updated and in part restructured. In particular, we have significantly expanded the part dedicated to applications of PLC, which is attributed to the further maturity of PLC technology in terms of consolidated specifications and standards and also reflected in the modification of the subtitle for this edition. Furthermore, recent innovations and changes related to channel characterization, transmission techniques and regulation are included in this edition.

The target audience for the book comprises both newcomers to the exciting field of PLC as well as researchers and practitioners already familiar with PLC. For the former, the book is intended to provide a fairly comprehensive yet readable introduction. For the latter, we expect the book to serve as an authoritative point of reference for information widely dispersed in the literature.

During the writing of this second edition, we involved 42 technical contributors from 29 institutions and 12 countries. Coordination was a huge task, almost more so than for the first edition. The editors would like to express their sincere thanks to all the contributors.

List of Acronyms

AC

Alternating Current

ACF

Autocorrelation Function

ACG

Average Channel Gain

AF

Amplify-and-forward

AM

Amplitude Modulation

AMI

Advanced Metering Infrastructure

AMN

Artificial Mains Network

AMR

Automatic Meter Reading

ARIB

Association of Radio Industries and Businesses

AU

Allocation Unit

AVLN

AV Logical Network

AWGN

Additive White Gaussian Noise

BB

Broadband

BER

Bit Error Ratio

BPL

Broadband Over Power Lines

B-PLC

Broadband PLC

BPRS

Binary Pseudo-random Sequence

BPSK

Binary Phase-shift Keying

BS

Base Station

CA-Msg

Channel Announcement Message

CAN

Controller Area Network

CB-FMT

Cyclic Block Filtered Multitone Modulation

CCDF

Complementary Cumulative Distribution Function

CCo

Central Coordinator

CDCF

Commonly Distributed Coordination Function

CDF

Cumulative Distribution Function

CDMA

Code Division Multiple Access

CE

Conformité Européenne

CEI

Customer-end Inverter

CENELEC

Comité Européenne de Normalisation Electrotechnique

CFP

Contention Free Period

CFR

Channel Frequency Response

CISPR

International Special Committee on Radio Interference

CM

Common Mode or Connection Manager

CP

Cyclic Prefix or Contention Period

CPE

Customer Premise Equipment

CRC

Cyclic Redundancy Check

CSI

Channel State Information

CSMA

Carrier Sense Multiple Access

CSMA/CA

Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance

DBPSK

Binary DPSK

DCA

Dynamic Channel Allocation

DCT

Discrete Cosine Transform

DF

Decode-and-Forward

DFT

Discrete Fourier Transform

DLL

Data Link Layer

DM

Differential Mode or Domain Master

DPSK

Differential Phase Shift Keying

DQPSK

Quaternary DPSK

DSL

Digital Subscriber Line

DSM

Demand Side Management

DSSS

Direct Sequencing Spread Spectrum

DSTBC

Distributed Space-time Block Codes

DT

Direct Transmission

DWMT

Discrete Wavelet Multitone

EC

European Commission

ECC

Error Correction Code

ECU

Electronic Controlled Unit

EIB

European Installation Bus

EMC

Electromagnetic Compatibility

ETSI

European Telecommunications Standards Institute

EU

European Union

EUT

Equipment Under Test

EV

Electric Vehicle

FB

Filter Bank

FCC

Federal Communications Commission

FD

Frequency Domain

FDMA

Frequency Division Multiple Access

FEC

Forward Error Correction

FFT

Fast Fourier Transform

FH

Frequency Hopping

FIR

Finite Impulse Response

FMT

Filtered Multitone

FSK

Frequency-shift Keying

HDCU

High Data Rate Central Control Unit

HD-PLC

High-definition Power Line Communication

HDR

High Data Rate

HDTV

High Definition Television

HF

High-frequency

HPAV

HomePlug AV

HV

High Voltage, 66 kV and above

ICI

Inter-carrier Interference

IDFT

Inverse DFT

IEC

International Electrotechnical Commission

IFFT

Inverse Fast Fourier Transform

IGBT

Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors

IH

In-home

IN

Impulse Noise

INL

Interfering Network List

IP

Internet Protocol or Integer Programming

IPTV

Internet Protocol Television

ISI

Inter-symbol Interference

ISN

Impedance Stabilization Network

ISP

Inter-system Protocol

ITU

International Telecommunication Union

LAN

Local Area Network

LCL

Longitudinal Conversion Loss

LDCU

Low Data Rate Central Control Unit

LDPC

Low-density Parity-check

LDR

Low Data Rate

LLR

Log-likelihood Ratio

LMS

Least Mean Square

LP

Linear Programming

LPTV

Linear Periodically Time Variant

LTI

Linear Time Invariant

LV

Low Voltage, 110 V to 400 V

LVDC

Low-voltage Direct Current

MAC

Medium Access Control

MAI

Multiple Access Interference

MC

Multicarrier

MDCU

Multiple Data Rate Central Control Unit

MDU

Multi Dwelling Unit

MF

Matched Filter

MIMO

Multiple-input Multiple-output

MLD

Maximum-likelihood Detection

MMSE

Minimum Mean Square Error

MMU

Master Monitoring Unit

MTL

Multi-conductor Transmission Line

MV

Medium Voltage, 7.2 kV to 33 kV

MWR

Multi-way Relaying

NB

Narrowband

OAF

Opportunistic AF

ODF

Opportunistic DF

OFDM

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing

OFDMA

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access

OH

Overhead

OOB

Out of Band

OOK

On-off Keying

OPERA

Open PLC European Research Alliance

OQAM

Offset Quadrature Amplitude Modulation

OSI

Open Systems Interconnection

OSTBC

Orthogonal Space-time Block Codes

PAM

Pulse Amplitude Modulation

PDF

Probability Density Function

PHY

Physical

PLC

Power Line Communication

PLCP

Physical-layer Convergence Protocol

PoE