Practical Applications in Engineering E-Book

• Herausgeber: John Wiley & Sons
• Kategorie: Wissenschaft und neue Technologien
• Sprache: Englisch

Seitenzahl: 415

Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2012

Beschreibung

This series of five volumes proposes an integrated description of physical processes modeling used by scientific disciplines from meteorology to coastal morphodynamics. Volume 1 describes the physical processes and identifies the main measurement devices used to measure the main parameters that are indispensable to implement all these simulation tools. Volume 2 presents the different theories in an integrated approach: mathematical models as well as conceptual models, used by all disciplines to represent these processes. Volume 3 identifies the main numerical methods used in all these scientific fields to translate mathematical models into numerical tools. Volume 4 is composed of a series of case studies, dedicated to practical applications of these tools in engineering problems. To complete this presentation, volume 5 identifies and describes the modeling software in each discipline.

Leseprobe

Table of Contents

Introduction

PART 1. OPERATIONAL HYDROLOGY

Chapter 1. Developing the Flood Alert Map

1.1. Flood alert

1.2. Developing flood alert maps for August 11–12, 2008

1.3. The ground truth on August 12, 2008: comparison with the forecast

1.4. Conclusion

Chapter 2. Generation of a Flood in a Rapid Basin (Gard 2002)

2.1. The event of September 8–9, 2002

2.2. Meteorological situation

2.3. Recreating the floods

2.4. Bibliography

Chapter 3. Forecasting a Flood in a Branched Network (Aude 1999)

3.1. Problematic issue

3.2. River basin

3.3. Flood flow-type

3.4. Available data

3.5. Implementation of a multi-model procedure

3.6. Results provided by the model

3.7. Conclusion

3.8. Bibliography

Chapter 4. Hydrological Modeling Spatialized on Two Mediterranean River Basins. Application in Flood Forecasting

4.1. Introduction

4.2. The study data

4.3. Results and discussion

4.4. Conclusion

4.5. Bibliography

Chapter 5. Ensemble Hydrological Forecasting and Alert with the European Flood Alert System (EFAS): Case of the Danube Basin Floods in August 2005

5.1. Introduction

5.2. European flood alert system (EFAS)

5.3. EFAS forecasts for the floods of the Danube in August 2005

5.4. Conclusions

5.5. Acknowledgements

5.6. Bibliography

PART 2. FLUVIAL HYDRAULICS

Chapter 6. Propagation of a Flood in a Branched Network (Marne 1999)

6.1. Problematic issue

6.2. Aims of the study

6.3. Scope of the study

6.4. Data used

6.5. Construction and calibration of the hydraulic model

6.6. Results: impact of the gate on the water levels

6.7. Conclusions

Chapter 7. Flood Propagation in a Looped Network (Wateringues)

7.1. Problematic issue

7.2. River basin

7.3. Flood flow-type

7.4. Available data

7.5. Description of the modeling tools

7.6. The results provided by the model

7.7. Conclusion

Chapter 8. Generation and Propagation of a Flash Flood on a River Basin

8.1. Presentation of the flood

8.2. Modeling of the flood on the Aude-Orbieu confluence

8.3. Simulation of the failure of the Cuxac dike

8.4. Conclusion

Chapter 9. Dynamics of the Flooding of Floodable Flatlands

9.1. Problematic issue

9.2. River basin

9.3. Flood flow-type

9.4. Available data

9.5. Description of the modeling tools

9.6. Results provided by the model

9.7. Conclusion

Chapter 10. Failure of a Dike in a Flood Environment (Agly 1999)

10.1. Context

10.2. Choosing the simulation tool

10.3. Method used in Rubar 20 for simplified computation of the erosion of the breach (taken from [CEM 05])

10.4. Modeling used

10.5. Bibliography

Chapter 11. Flooding by Groundwater Upwelling at Remiremont

11.1. Context

11.2. Aim of the study and methodology

11.3. Available data

11.4. Description of the modeling tools

11.5. Results provided by the models

11.6. Conclusion

11.7. Bibliography

Chapter 12. NAVMER: Ship Path Simulator

12.1. The simulator

12.2. Simulations of a passenger boat on the Seine

12.3. Sixth Seine crossing

12.4. Le Havre Port, 2000: navigability of the outer groundwater levels

12.5. Port of Nice

12.6. Perspectives

12.7. Bibliography

PART 3. HYDROGEOLOGY

Chapter 13. Interaction between Surface and Subsurface Flows: Somme Basin

13.1. Problematic issue

13.2. The Somme river basin

13.3. Modeling methodology

13.4. The modeling tools used

13.5. Lumped hydrological modeling for real-time forecasts

13.6. Results and discussion

13.7. Bibliography

Chapter 14. Hydrogeological Modeling of the Karst System on the Lez River (Montpellier)

14.1. Problematic issue

14.2. Catchment area and river basin

14.3. Available data

14.4. Rain-flow model of the Lez source

14.5. Results provided by the model

14.6. Bibliography

PART 4. GENERATIONAND PROPAGATIONOF FLOODSIN AN URBAN ENVIRONMENT

Chapter 15. Hydraulic Study of the Marseille Vieux-Port River Basin

15.1. Problematic issue

15.2. Presentation of the site and the rain event

15.3. Choosing the modeling type

15.4. Processing the urban data

15.5. Injecting rain

15.6. Improvements to the 2D Reflux computing code

15.7. Application on the entire river basin of Marseille’s Vieux-Port

15.8. Discussions and perspectives

15.9. Bibliography

Chapter 16. Hydraulic Study of the Aude River in the Carcassonne Crossing

16.1. Problematic issue

16.2. Presentation of the site

16.3. Available data

16.4. 2D model implemented

16.5. Calibration of the model

16.6. Floodable zones in the current situation

16.7. Conclusion

Chapter 17. Failure of a Dike in an Urban Environment: Amboise

17.1. Problematic issue

17.2. History

17.3. Available data

17.4. Results of the simulation

17.5. Conclusion

Chapter 18. Study for the Prevention of Risks Associated with the Dikes of the Rhône and the Saône on Land Belonging to the Lyon Urban Community

18.1. Problematic issue

18.2. Analysis of the failure risks

18.3. Determining the unforeseen risks

18.4. Evaluating the potential damage

PART 5. ESTUARY HYDRODYNAMICS

Chapter 19. Real-Time Estuary Modeling (Adour Maritime)

19.1. Introduction

19.2. Calibration of the model

19.3. Real-time series

19.4. Perspectives

19.5. Bibliography

Chapter 20. Operational Modeling of the Hydrodynamic Functioning of the Gironde Estuary

20.1. Introduction

20.2. General presentation of the estuary

20.3. The phenomena coming into play in the estuary

20.4. Numerical modeling of the estuary

20.5. Real-time operation

20.6. Bibliography

Chapter 21. 3D Modeling of Salinity and Sediment Suspension in the Loire Estuary: Coupling of Processes

21.1. Problematic issue

21.2. General presentation of the model

21.3. Hydrodynamics

21.4. Salinity

21.5. Sedimentology

21.6. Conclusion

PART 6. MARITIME HYDRAULICS

Chapter 22. Numerical Modeling of Sea States

22.1. Characteristics of the Iroise Sea study site’s coastal environment

22.2. Acquiring data for modeling

22.3. Modeling the swell propagation with TOMAWAC

22.4. Morphodynamic classification of the beaches

22.5. Bibliography

Chapter 23. Taking Sea States into Account in Offshore Racing

23.1. The waves in the 2006 Route du Rhum

23.2. The Gascony Gulf in the 2008/2009 Vendée Globe

23.3. Using the wave models during offshore racing

Chapter 24. Agitation Study for Roscoff-Bloscon Marina

24.1. Problematic issue

24.2. Available data

24.3. Propagation of offshore swells in the vicinity of the project

24.4. Agitation study

24.5. Conclusion

Chapter 25. Swell Agitation at Dunkirk’s Western Port

25.1. Problematic issue

25.2. Available data

25.3. Description of the agitation model

25.4. Results provided by the model

25.5. Conclusion

25.6. Bibliography

PART 7. TRANSPORTATIONOF DISSOLVED SUBSTANCES, POLLUTION

Chapter 26. Study of Water Quality in the Seine

26.1. The modeled system

26.2. Anthropic pressures

26.3. Modeling approach

26.4. Principle of modeling with the ProSe software

26.5. Validation

26.6. Scenarios

26.7. Results

26.8. Conclusions and perspectives

26.9. Bibliography

Chapter 27. Drift Forecasts for the Erika and Prestige Oil Spills

27.1. Institutional context

27.2. The sinking of the Erika

27.3. The sinking of the Prestige

27.4. Observing oil spills

27.5. Bibliography

PART 8. FLUVIALAND MARITIME MORPHODYNAMICS

Chapter 28. Evolution of River Beds: Example of the Arc River

28.1. Presentation of the context

28.2. Using a movable-bed model within the framework of management scenarios

28.3. Bibliography

Chapter 29. Modeling of Seabed Sediments Resuspension in the Dover Strait

29.1. Introduction

29.2. Experimental site

29.3. Pre-processing

29.4. Modeling procedure

29.5. Field measurements

29.6. Results

29.7. Perspectives

29.8. Bibliography

Chapter 30. Evolution of Beds around a Breakwater

30.1. Problematic issue

30.2. Swell data

30.3. The bathymetry

30.4. Modeling

30.5. Modeling parameters

30.6. Results

30.7. Bibliography

Chapter 31. Project to “Restore the Maritime Character of the Mont-Saint-Michel” Hydrosedimentary Studies

31.1. Introduction

31.2. Mont-Saint-Michel Bay — the aims of the project

31.3. The study methodology and the modeling tools

31.4. The numerical modeling of the large bay

31.5. The physical model of the small bay

31.6. The numerical model of the Couesnon

31.7. The physical model of the Caserne dam

31.8. The major components of the hydraulic developments put forward and their effects

31.9. Bibliography

List of Authors

Index

General Index of Authors

Summary of the Other Volumes in the Series

First published 2010 in Great Britain and the United States by ISTE Ltd and John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Adapted and updated from two volumes Traité d’hydraulique environnementale 7 et 8 published 2009 in France by Hermes Science/Lavoisier © LAVOISIER 2009

Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, this publication may only be reproduced, stored or transmitted, in any form or by any means, with the prior permission in writing of the publishers, or in the case of reprographic reproduction in accordance with the terms and licenses issued by the CLA. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside these terms should be sent to the publishers at the undermentioned address:

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The rights of Jean-Michel Tanguy to be identified as the author of this work have been asserted by him in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Traité d’hydraulique environnementale. English.

Environmental hydraulics / edited by Jean-Michel Tanguy.

v. cm.

Includes index.

Contents: v. 1. Physical processes and measurement devices -- v. 2. Mathematical models -- v. 3. Numerical methods -- v. 4. Practical applications in engineering -- v. 5. Modeling software. ISBN 978-1-84821-152-0 (set) -- ISBN 978-1-84821-153-7 (v. 1) -- ISBN 978-1-84821-154-4 (v. 2) -- ISBN 978-1-84821-155-1 (v. 3) -- ISBN 978-1-84821-156-8 (v. 4) -- ISBN 978-1-84821-157-5 (v. 5) 1. Environmental hydraulics. I. Tanguy, Jean-Michel, 1951- II. Title. TC163.5.T6913 2010 627--dc22

2010019879

British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data

A CIP record for this book is available from the British Library

ISBN 978-1-84821-152-0 (Set of 5 volumes)

ISBN 978-1-84821-156-8 (Volume 4)

Introduction1

The first volume of this series on environmental hydraulics consists of a description of the physical processes that are developing, from meteorology to coastal morphodynamics. Volume 2 sets out the mathematical theories that form the basis of the mathematical modeling of these processes. Volume 3 describes the main numerical methods enabling these equations to be solved.

To a certain extent, Volume 4 constitutes a showcase for the series on environmental hydraulics. Its aim is to present a variety of practical examples implemented using tools that are based on the theories presented in Volume 2.

Volume 5 presents a number of software programs used within the water engineering domain.

In keeping with the books logic, we have differentiated between eight domains, three of which are presented in Parts 1 to 3, followed by five in Parts 4 to 8. Each domain includes a number of studies that are fairly representative of what occurs in the domain concerned. As such, the domains for the first three parts are as follows: operational hydrology, fluvial hydraulics and hydrogeology. A total of 13 technical studies are summarized.

Parts 4 to 8 complete the presentation by offering a summary of 17 technical studies, covering the following domains: flows in an urban environment, estuary hydrodynamics, maritime hydraulics, transportation of dissolved substances pollution, and fluvial and maritime morphodynamics. Each study has been made the subject of a document covering several pages, presenting, in the following order: the problematic issue to be dealt with, the objective to be reached, the data collected, the digital models implemented and the results obtained.

Part 1. Operational hydrology

To begin with, we present how the flood forecasting services and SCHAPI (French National Hydrometeorology and Flood Forecasting Center) estimate, on a daily basis, the hydrometeorological risk across the entire country based on forecasts produced by meteorological models. The following three studies focus on the use of pre-operational or operational models for flood forecasting in the very rapid Mediterranean basins, the Gard and the Aude, which each experienced very heavy flooding, in 2002 and 1999, respectively. Anticipation is thus essential in order to avoid material damage and loss of human life. For this reason, the tools need to be operated very rapidly and be interfaced with meteorological tools upstream and hydrodynamic tools downstream. The last presentation focuses on the approach of the European Communitys Joint Research Center (JRC), which produces a hydrological risk estimate on the rivers in Europe in critical situations.