Preservation and Restoration of Tooth Structure E-Book

• Herausgeber: John Wiley & Sons
• Kategorie: Fachliteratur
• Sprache: Englisch

Seitenzahl: 975

Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2016

Beschreibung

Combining the approaches of preventative and restorative dentistry, this is a revised and updated guide to the clinical techniques and procedures necessary for managing tooth disorders and disease.  

• Introduces minimally invasive dentistry as a model to control dental disease and then restore the mouth to optimal form, function, and aesthetics
• Contains several student-friendly features, including a new layout, line drawings and clinical photographs to illustrate key concepts
• Covers fundamental topics, including the evolutionary biology of the human oral environment; caries management and risk assessment; remineralization; principles of cavity design; lifestyle factors; choices between restorative materials and restoration management
• Includes a companion website with self-assessment exercises for students and a downloadable image bank for instructors

Leseprobe

Preservation and Restoration of Tooth Structure

Third Edition

Edited by

Graham J. Mount AM, BDS (Syd), FRACDS, DDSc (Adel)

School of Dentistry The University of Adelaide Australia

Wyatt R. Hume, DDS, PhD, DDSc

School of Dentistry University of Utah USA

Hien C. Ngo, BDS, MDS, PhD

School of Dentistry University of Sharjah United Arab Emirates

Mark S. Wolff, DDS, PhD

Department of Cariology and Comprehensive Care New York University College of Dentistry USA

This edition first published 2016 © 2016 by John Wiley & Sons Limited.

First edition published in 1998 © Mosby. Second edition published in 2005 © Knowledge Books and Software.

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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Names: Mount, Graham J., editor. | Hume, W. R., editor. | Ngo, Hien, editor.     | Wolff, Mark S., editor. Title: Preservation and restoration of tooth structure / edited by Graham     Mount, Wyatt R. Hume, Hien Ngo, Mark S. Wolff. Description: Third edition. | Chichester, West Sussex ; Ames, Iowa : John     Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2016. | Includes bibliographical refereneces and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2015046046 | ISBN 9781118766590 (cloth) Subjects: | MESH: Dentistry, Operative—methods | Atlases Classification: LCC RK501 | NLM WU 317 | DDC 617.6/05—dc23 LC record available at http://lccn.loc.gov/2015046046

A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.

Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears in print may not be available in electronic books.

Contents

Contributors

Acknowledgments

About the companion website

How to access the website

Introduction

1 The Oral Environment and the Main Causes of Tooth Structure Loss

The Human Oral Environment in Health

Tooth Structure

Saliva

Biofilms, Diet and ‘Mineral Maintenance’

The Oral Environment in Disease

Dental Caries

Dental Corrosion (Erosion)

Mechanical Wear on Tooth Crowns

Mechanical Wear as a Pathological Process

Notes

Bibliography

Further Reading

2 Dental Caries: Management of Early Lesions and the Disease Process

Development of Carious Lesions

Site 1: Fissures, Pits and Other Defects on Tooth Surfaces

Site 2: Tooth Surfaces below the Contact Area between Teeth (Approximal Surfaces)

Site 3: Carious Lesions in Enamel or Exposed Root Surface in Areas of the Tooth Crown Adjacent to the Gingiva

Bibliography

3 Dental Caries: Activity and Risk Assessment as a Logical and Effective Path to Both Prevention and Cure

Introduction

Assessing the Risk of Developing Caries in the Future

Caries Activity Assessment

Methods of Assessing Activity and Risk

The Cariogram

Caries Management by Risk Assessment (CAMBRA)

The Traffic Light-Matrix (TL-M) System

Bibliography

4 Non-Carious Tooth Structure Loss: Diagnosis, Risk and Activity Assessment and Clinical Management

Non-Carious Loss of Tooth Surface Structure

Corrosion (Erosion)

Abrasion

Attrition

Cusp Fracture and Tooth Fracture

External Tooth Resorptions

Bibliography

5 Aids to Remineralization

Introduction

Fluoride Therapy in Dentistry

Calcium-Based Remineralizing Agents

Antimicrobials

Communication and Behavioural Modification in Establishing Oral Health

Conclusion

Bibliography

6 Systems for Classifying Defects of the Exposed Tooth Surface

Introduction

Black’s Classification of Carious Lesions

Alternative Systems for the Description of Lesions

Conclusion

Bibliography

7 Principles of Cavity Design for the Restoration of Advanced Lesions

Introduction

Site 1 Lesions

Site 2 Lesions

Site 3 Lesions

Bibliography

8 Instruments Used in Cavity Preparation

Rotary Cutting Instruments

Size and Shape of Rotary Cutting Instruments

Speed Groups

Air Abrasion Techniques

Forthcoming Developments

Pulsed Erbium Lasers (Er:YAG and Er,Cr:YSGG)

Chemo-Mechanical Caries Removal (Carisolv)

Conventional Hand Instruments

Bibliography

9 Glass-Ionomer Materials

General Description

Clinical Properties of Glass-Ionomers

Clinical Considerations

The Lamination or ‘Sandwich’ Technique

Bibliography

10 Resin-Based Composite Restorative Materials

Introduction

Composition and Use of Resin-Based Composites

Enamel Bonding

Dentine Bonding

Conclusion

Bibliography

11 Silver Amalgam

Silver Amalgam as a Restorative Material

The Influence of Amalgam on Cavity Form

Progressive Advances in Silver Amalgam Formulation

Trituration

The Mercury Hazard

Note

Bibliography

12 Pulpal Responses, Pulp Protection and Pulp Therapy

Dentine and Pulp

Causes of Damage to Dentine and Pulp

Responses of Dentine and Pulp to Insult

Pulpal Inflammation in Response to Bacteria

Inflammation in Response to Mechanical, Thermal and Chemical Insults

Pulpal Pain and Sensation

Tests of Pulpal and Periapical Status

Avoidance of Pulpal Damage Due to Caries

Avoidance of Pulpal Damage during Cavity Preparation

Protective Measures during Restoration Placement

Risks to the Pulp from Plastic Restorative Materials

Risks to the Pulp with Luted Restorations

Materials Used in Pulp Protection

Vital Pulp Therapy

Treatment of the Exposed Pulp

Bibliography

13 Choosing Between Restoration Modalities

Introduction

Glass-Ionomer Restorative Materials

Resin-Based Composite

Amalgam

Gold

Ceramics

Porcelain Fused to Metal

Factors Governing the Selection of a Restorative Material

Bibliography

14 Caries in Young Children: Special Considerations in Aetiology and Management

Introduction

Special Predisposing Conditions for Caries in Young Children

Prevention and Caries Management for Young Children

Bibliography

15 Oral Care of Older People

Introduction

Oral Health Epidemiology of Older People

Evidence-Based Prevention in the Elderly

Dependency Levels and Hypothetical Case Studies

Summary

Bibliography

16 Lifestyle Factors Affecting Tooth Structure Loss

Introduction

Salivary Dysfunction

Lifestyle Factors More Broadly Relative to Diseases Causing Loss of Tooth Structure

Modifications in Treatment

Bibliography

Further Reading

17 Periodontal Considerations in Tooth Restoration

Normal Gingival Tissue

Problems which Compromise Periodontal Tissue

Effect of Restorative Dentistry on Gingival Tissue

Bibliography

18 Occlusion as It Relates to Restoration of Individual Teeth

Basic Principles of Occlusion

Bibliography

19 Failures of Individual Restorations and Their Management

Failure of Tooth Structure

Failure of Restorative Material

Fracture or collapse of a restorative material

Total Loss of a Restoration

Change of Restorative Material

Bibliography

Index

EULA

List of Tables

Chapter 1

Table 1.1

Table 1.2

Chapter 3

Table 3.1

Chapter 5

Table 5.1

Table 5.2

Table 5.3

Table 5.4

Chapter 6

Table 6.1

Chapter 8

Table 8.1

Table 8.2

Table 8.3

Table 8.4

Chapter 9

Table 9.1

Table 9.2

Table 9.3

Chapter 10

Table 10.1

Chapter 16

Table 16.1

Table 16.2

List of Illustrations

Chapter 1

Figure 1.1

The surface of a specimen of fractured enamel showing the enamel rods, which consist of bundles of enamel crystals. The rods lie relatively parallel with each other so there is a distinct ‘grain’ along which fracture of the enamel is likely to occur. Note also the spaces between the rods that will be filled with ultrafiltrate in life. Magnification x 4,800. Courtesy of Professor Hien Ngo.

Figure 1.2

(a) Scanning electron micrograph of enamel prisms showing the interprismatic space (yellow arrows) with a periphery of densely packed crystals in parallel arrays. Courtesy of Professor Hien Ngo. (b) Higher magnification scanning electron micrograph showing the space between the apatite crystals, which in life is occupied by an aqueous organic gel matrix, and their orientation. Courtesy of Professor Hien Ngo.

Figure 1.3

Histology of dentine. Low power view of dentine showing, from right to left, dentine, pre-dentine, odontoblasts and dental pulp. Magnification x 100.

Figure 1.4

Histology of dentine. A higher power view of the odontoblast region. Magnification x 400.

Figure 1.5

(a) Scanning electron micrograph showing the primary dentine tubules as well as the lateral tubule network. Courtesy of Professor Hien Ngo. (b) Higher magnification of the selected area in Figure 1.5 (a), showing the lateral branches (red arrow) extending from the major tubules. This network was further divided into sub-micron (blue arrow) and even finer divisions at the nanometer level (green arrow). Courtesy of Professor Hien Ngo.

Figure 1.6

Dentine with smear layer. Smear layer left on the surface of the floor of a cavity following cavity preparation. Courtesy of Professor Hien Ngo.

Figure 1.7

The demineralization-remineralization cycle: a conceptual chart to demonstrate the levels of pH at which the stages of the demineralization/remineralization cycle occur. F: Fluoride; FA: Fluorapatite; HA: hydroxyapatite. Source: [6]. Reproduced with permission from Knowledge Books and Software.

Figure 1.8

The remineralization part of the cycle. Note that the factors that favour remineralization include increased Ca

++

, increased PO

4

—

, raised pH, and the presence of F

-

. Source: [6]. Reproduced with permission from Knowledge Books and Software.

Figure 1.9

Distribution of pore sizes in early caries lesion in enamel. The main initial demineralization is below the enamel surface. Source: [6]. Reproduced with permission from Knowledge Books and Software.