Salivary Gland Cytology E-Book

• Herausgeber: John Wiley & Sons
• Kategorie: Fachliteratur
• Sprache: Englisch

Seitenzahl: 263

Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2011

Beschreibung

This atlas provides a comprehensive outline of all but the very rarest salivary gland diseases, detailing the most common benign and malignant tumors with their radiological, cytopathological, and histological features. The differential diagnosis of each tumor is presented with essential tips on the use of fine needle aspiration (FNA) and making a correct diagnosis. Three separate chapters are dedicated to: introduction to salivary gland FNA with emphasis on the technique used to perform the aspiration; the surgical anatomy of these glands; and the various radiological characteristics of these lesions, including primarily CT scans and MRI studies.

Leseprobe

CONTENTS

Preface

Contributors

Chapter 1: Introduction to Salivary Gland Lesions Cytology

1.1 Introduction

1.2 Basic Histology and Physiology

1.3 Diseases that Affect Salivary Glands

1.4 Epidemiology of Salivary Gland Tumors

1.5 Indications for Salivary Gland Fine Needle Aspiration and Practical Considerations

1.6 Accuracy of Salivary Gland Fine Needle Aspiration

Acknowledgments

Recommended Readings

Chapter 2: Surgery for Salivary Gland Lesions: A Surgeon’s Perspective

2.1 Surgical Anatomy

2.2 The Role of Imaging

2.3 Fine Needle Aspiration

2.4 Salivary Gland Tumors

2.5 Surgical Approach

2.6 Role of Frozen Section (FS) Analysis

2.7 Complications of Salivary Gland Surgeries

Recommended Readings

Chapter 3: Radiological Investigation of Salivary Gland Lesions

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Overview of Imaging Modalities

3.3 Anatomical and Pathological Considerations

Recommended Readings

Chapter 4: Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases of Salivary Glands

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Acute Sialadenitis/Parotitis

4.3 Acute Sialadenitis/Parotitis of the Neonate

4.4 Chronic Bacterial Parotitis

4.5 Chronic Sialadenitis

4.6 Acute Viral Parotitis (MUMPS)

4.7 HIV Sialadenitis/Parotitis

4.8 Tuberculous Sialadenitis/Parotitis

4.9 Other Granulomatous Sialadenitis

4.10 Necrotizing Sialometaplasia

4.11 Autoimmune Sialadenitis

4.12 Radiation Sialadenitis

4.13 Sialadenosis (Sialosis)

4.14 Salivary Gland CYST

Recommended Readings

Chapter 5: Pleomorphic Adenoma

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Clinical Features

5.3 Cytologic Features and Histologic Correlates

5.4 Cytologic Differential Diagnosis

5.5 Treatment and Prognosis

Recommended Readings

Chapter 6: Warthin’s Tumor

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Clinical Features

6.3 Cytopathological Features

6.4 Histological Correlates

6.5 Prognosis and Treatment

Recommended Readings

Chapter 7: Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Clinical Features

7.3 Cytological Features

7.4 Differential Diagnosis

7.5 Treatment and Prognosis

Recommended Readings

Chapter 8: Carcinoma Ex Pleomorphic Adenoma

8.1 Introduction

8.2 Clinical Features

8.3 Cytological Features and Histological Correlation

8.4 Major Cytologic Differential Diagnosis

8.5 Prognosis and Treatment

Recommended Readings

Chapter 9: Acinic Cell Carcinoma

9.1 Introduction

9.2 Clinical Features

9.3 Cytological Features and Histological Correlates

9.4 Cytologic Differential Diagnosis

9.5 Treatment of Choice and Prognosis

Recommended Readings

Chapter 10: Basaloid Salivary Gland Tumor

10.1 Introduction

10.2 Basal Cell Adenoma

10.3 Basal Cell Adenocarcinoma

10.4 Solid Variant of Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma

10.5 Poorly Differentiated Neuroendocrine Tumor (Small Cell Carcinoma)

10.6 Other Possible, Much Less Common Differential Diagnoses of Basaloid Tumors

Recommended Readings

Chapter 11: Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma

11.1 Introduction

11.2 Clinical Features

11.3 Cytologic Features and Histologic Correlation

11.4 Cytologic Differential Diagnosis

11.5 Prognosis and Treatment

Recommended Readings

Chapter 12: Oncocytoma

12.1 Introduction

12.2 Clinical Features

12.3 Cytologic Features with Histologic Correlates

12.4 Cytologic Differential Diagnosis

12.5 Treatment of Choice and Prognosis

Recommended Readings

Chapter 13: Myoepithelioma and Related Lesions

13.1 Introduction

13.2 Myoepithelioma

13.3 Malignant Myoepithelioma (Myoepithelial Carcinoma)

13.4 Epithelial-Myoepithelial (Intercalated Duct) Carcinoma

Recommended Readings

Chapter 14: Polymorphous Low-Grade Carcinoma

14.1 Introduction

14.2 Clinical Features

14.3 Cytological Features and Histological Correlates

14.4 The Major Cytological Differential Diagnosis and Clues to Make the Distinction

14.5 Treatment of Choice and Prognosis

Recommended Readings

Chapter 15: Salivary Duct Carcinoma

15.1 Introduction

15.2 Clinical Features

15.3 Cytological Features and Histological Correlate

15.4 Major Cytological Differential Diagnosis and Clues to Make the Distinction

15.5 Treatment of Choice and Prognosis

Recommended Readings

Chapter 16: Salivary Gland Lymphomas

16.1 Introduction

16.2 Hodgkin Lymphoma

16.3 Extranodal Marginal Zone Lymphoma of Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue (Malt Lymphoma)

16.4 Follicular Lymphoma

16.5 Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma

16.6 Plasma Cell Neoplasms

Recommended Readings

Chapter 17: Metastases and Rare Primary Neoplasms of Salivary Glands

17.1 Introduction

17.2 Metastatic Tumors to Salivary Glands

17.3 Rare Primary Neoplasms of Salivary Glands

Acknowledgment

Recommended Readings

Index

The contents of this book do not represent the views of the Department of Veterans Affairs or the United States Government.

This work was supported by resources of the James H. Quillen VA Medical Center, Mountain Home, Tennessee, USA.

Copyright © 2011 by Wiley-Blackwell. All rights reserved.

Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey

Published simultaneously in Canada

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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data:

Salivary gland cytology : a color atlas / [edited by] Mousa A. Al-Abbadi.

p. ; cm.

Includes bibliographical references.

ISBN 978-0-470-50092-7 (cloth)

1. Salivary glands — Tumors — Cytopathology — Atlases. I. Al-Abbadi, Mousa A. [DNLM: 1. Salivary Gland Neoplasms — pathology — Atlases. 2. Cytodiagnosis — Atlases. 3. Salivary Gland Neoplasms — diagnosis — Atlases. 4. Salivary Glands — cytology — Atlases. WI 17]

RC280.S3S25 2011

616.99′431—dc22

2010028405

PREFACE

Real victories are those that protect human life, not those that result from its destruction or emerge from its ashes.

King Hussein

This book is dedicated to all humans suffering from the calamities of cancer. I would like specifically to devote this effort to the late King Hussein of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, who succumbed to cancer. God bless his soul.

In my early professional years, I was always intrigued and fascinated by salivary gland cytology; it often appeared simple and straightforward, yet at times was very challenging. It is hoped that this first edition will help clarify, simplify, and streamline the diagnostic thought process when facing an aspirate from a salivary gland lesion. I had the good fortune to work in an institution with a very busy otolaryngology oncology service, and hence, fine needle aspiration of such lesions was very common. The wealth of the material that we studied was rich and with a broad spectrum of flavors.

All pathologists know that a very diverse group of diseases can originate from the salivary gland and that tumors from such a small organ are numerous. A great deal of overlap is evident using routine histology and even more with cytology, which led to diagnostic challenges for both the surgical pathologist and the cytopathologist alike. That is why I became interested in the subject and started the preparations to contribute with an atlas describing these lesions. The hope is to provide additional information to what has already been published about the topic. Fortunately for all of us practicing diagnosticians, only a handful of salivary gland tumors comprise the majority of neoplasms that we face. Although some pathologists are hesitant to accept fine needle aspiration biopsy as an initial diagnostic tool, we strongly believe that proper sampling and proper technique combined with the utilization of adequate clinical data provide enough ammunition to establish either a categorical or a specific diagnosis. It is hoped that this atlas, in its first edition, will help readers in their diagnostic journey of salivary gland cytology.

The readers will cruise through this atlas easily finding answers to many questions about salivary gland lesions cytology. After a brief introduction, the key cytologic diagnostic features are demonstrated followed by a differential diagnosis and clues to make a definite interpretation. The summary of these two critical issues is shown in a simple table format. A brief description of the histologic correlate with key illustrations follows. I believe that the aforementioned strategy helps resolve many questions for the clinical practitioner.

It is hoped that this book will be a positive addition and will complement many other valuable contributions on the subject by many colleagues.

I am deeply indebted to all my previous teachers and mentors who, over the years, gave me encouragement and support leading to this work. I would also like to thank all our contributors for their efforts to help make this atlas a reality. Without their efforts this would not be possible. The last chapter was not initially planned since it describes rare entities that are difficult to find. However, it was accomplished with valuable illustrations shared by our contributors.

Finally, I would like to thank all members of my family for all the support they have given me over the years.

Mousa A. Al-Abbadi

CONTRIBUTORS

Mousa A. Al-Abbadi, MD, FIAC

Professor & Chief of Pathology

James H. Quillen VA Medical Center

East Tennessee State University

Johnson City, Tennessee 37684, USA

Ozlem E. Tulunay-Ugur, MD

Assistant Professor & Director of Laryngology

University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences

Little Rock, Arkansas 72205, USA

Imad Zak, MD

Associate Professor of Radiology

Wayne State University School of Medicine

Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA

Wael N. Zakaria, MD

Professor of Medicine and Infectious Diseases

James. H. Quillen VA Medical Center

East Tennessee State University

Johnson City, Tennessee 37684, USA

Isam A. Eltoum, MD, MBA, FIAC

Professor and Section Head of Cytopathology

University of Alabama

Birmingham, Alabama 35249, USA

Jining Feng, MD, PhD

Associate Professor of Pathology

Wayne State University

Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA

Ruba A. Halloush, MD

King Hussein Cancer Center

Amman – Jordan

Husain A. Saleh, MD, FIAC, MBA

Professor & Chief of Pathology

Sinai – Grace Hospital

Wayne State University

Detroit, Michigan 48235, USA

Eyas M. Hattab, MD

Associate Professor & Director of Immunohistochemistry

Indiana University School of Medicine

Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, USA

Harvey M. Cramer, MD

Associate Professor & Director of Cytopathology

Indiana University School of Medicine

Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, USA

Jerzy Klijanienko, MD, PhD

Institut Curie

Paris – France

Jay K. Wasman, MD

Assistant Professor of Pathology

University Hospitals Case Medical Center

Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA

Fadi W. Abdul-Karim, MD

Professor and Director of Anatomic Pathology

University Hospitals Case Medical Center

Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA

Pamela Papas, MD

University of Illinois Medical Center

Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA

Momin T. Siddiqui, MD, FIAC

Associate Professor & Director of Cytopathology

Emory University School of Medicine

Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA

Mohammad Abuel-Haija, MD

Assistant Professor of Pathology

Indiana University School of Medicine

Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, USA

Magdalena Czader, MD, PhD

Associate Professor & Director of Flow Cytometry Laboratory

Indiana University School of Medicine

Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, USA

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION TO SALIVARY GLAND LESIONS CYTOLOGY

MOUSA A. AL-ABBADI, MD, FIAC

1.1 INTRODUCTION

The salivary glands are part of the exocrine secretory apparatus that are traditionally considered part of the upper gastrointestinal tract. They are a very small organ with an average total weight of 50 g in adults compared with other systems. They are composed of two major groups: the major and minor salivary glands. The major glands are composed of three paired relatively larger glands: the parotid, submandibular, and sublingual. The minor group is numerous and widely distributed in the upper aerodigestive tract ().