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SEXUAL DEVIANCE The essential text for understanding and managing deviant sexual interest and paraphilic disorders Sexual Deviance is an authoritative text that provides an understanding to the assessment, management, and treatment of sexual deviance and paraphilic disorders. The international panel of contributors--noted experts on the topic--illuminate the emerging theories that help to explain the developmental influences and pathways of sexual deviance and its connection to offending behaviour. The text considers various developmental influences such as neurobiological pathways as well as the effects of pornography. The contributors highlight the assessment and diagnosis of sexual deviance and explore the links to offending behavior such as rape fantasy, algolagnic paraphilia, online viewing of indecent images of children, and sexual sadism. The book examines the effectiveness of a variety of current treatments including behavioral, pharmacological, cognitive behavioral therapy, and systemic treatment. This important text: * Offers contributions from an international panel of experts * Examines the causes of deviant sexual interests * Presents techniques for managing deviant sexual interests * Includes information on co-morbid disorders and sexual offending Written for students and professionals in psychology, criminology, psychiatry, forensic nursing, and social work, Sexual Deviance explores deviant sexual interests in sexual offenders and reviews the techniques designed to manage behavior.

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Sexual Deviance

Understanding and Managing Deviant Sexual Interests and Paraphilic Disorders

 

Edited by

 

Leam A. Craig

Forensic Psychology Practice Ltd, The Willows Clinic, Birmingham, UKCentre for Applied Psychology, University of Birmingham, UKSchool of Social Sciences, Birmingham City University, UKSchool of Psychology, University of Lincoln, UK

 

Ross M. Bartels

School of Psychology, University of Lincoln, UK

 

 

This edition first published 2021

© 2021 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, except as permitted by law. Advice on how to obtain permission to reuse material from this title is available at http://www.wiley.com/go/permissions.

The right of Leam A. Craig and Ross M. Bartels to be identified as the author(s) of the editorial material in this work has been asserted in accordance with law.

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The contents of this work are intended to further general scientific research, understanding, and discussion only and are not intended and should not be relied upon as recommending or promoting scientific method, diagnosis, or treatment by physicians for any particular patient. In view of ongoing research, equipment modifications, changes in governmental regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to the use of medicines, equipment, and devices, the reader is urged to review and evaluate the information provided in the package insert or instructions for each medicine, equipment, or device for, among other things, any changes in the instructions or indication of usage and for added warnings and precautions. While the publisher and authors have used their best efforts in preparing this work, they make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this work and specifically disclaim all warranties, including without limitation any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. No warranty may be created or extended by sales representatives, written sales materials or promotional statements for this work. The fact that an organization, website, or product is referred to in this work as a citation and/or potential source of further information does not mean that the publisher and authors endorse the information or services the organization, website, or product may provide or recommendations it may make. This work is sold with the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering professional services. The advice and strategies contained herein may not be suitable for your situation. You should consult with a specialist where appropriate. Further, readers should be aware that websites listed in this work may have changed or disappeared between when this work was written and when it is read. Neither the publisher nor authors shall be liable for any loss of profit or any other commercial damages, including but not limited to special, incidental, consequential, or other damages.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Names: Craig, Leam, editor. | Bartels, Ross M., editor. | John Wiley & Sons, Inc., publisher.

Title: Sexual deviance : understanding and managing deviant sexual interests and paraphilic disorders / edited by Leam A Craig, Ross M Bartels.

Description: Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell, [2021] | Includes bibliographical references and index.

Identifiers: LCCN 2020047914 (print) | LCCN 2020047915 (ebook) | ISBN 9781119705833 (paperback) | ISBN 9781119706007 (pdf) | ISBN 9781119705987 (epub) | ISBN 9781119771401 (ebook)

Subjects: LCSH: Paraphilias. | Deviant behavior. | Psychosexual disorders.

Classification: LCC HQ71 .S3983 2021 (print) | LCC HQ71 (ebook) | DDC 616.85/83--dc23

LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020047914

LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020047915

Cover image: © hauged/iStock/Getty Images

Cover design by Wiley

Set in 10/12, WarnockPro by Integra Software Service, Pondicherry, India.

Contents

Cover

Title page

Copyright

About the Editors

About the Contributors

Acknowledgments

Part I: Sexual Deviance and Paraphilic Disorders

Chapter 1: An Overview of Sexual Deviance and Paraphilic Disorders

Part II: Theory of Sexual Deviance and Paraphilias

Chapter 2: The Developmental Pathways of Sexual Deviance: More than 100 Years of Research in Context

Chapter 3: Toward a Theory of Chronophilic Sexual Orientation in Heterosexual Men

Chapter 4: Understanding Sexual Thoughts and Sexual Fantasizing: The Dual-Process Model of Sexual Thinking

Chapter 5: Neurobiological Basis of Sexual Deviance

Part III: Assessing and Diagnosing Sexual Deviance

Chapter 6: Problems and Controversies with Psychiatric Diagnoses of Paraphilia

Chapter 7: Diagnosing Sexual Sadism and Other Paraphilic Disorders on the Agonistic Continuum

Chapter 8: Understanding Minor Attraction

Chapter 9: Passivity Paraphilias: Understanding Necrophilic and Somnophilic Interest

Chapter 10: Measures of Male Sexual Interest

Part IV: Sexual Deviance and Offending Behavior

Chapter 11: Non-contact Paraphilic Disorders and Offending

Chapter 12: Sexual Sadism and Offending

Chapter 13: The Structure and Measurement of Sadism: Implications for Validation

Chapter 14: Online Sexual Deviance and Pedophilia

Part V: Managing Sexual Deviance and Paraphilic Disorders

Chapter 15: A Generalized Model for Identifying Risk-Related Change in Sexual Deviance

Chapter 16: Psychological Treatments for Paraphilias and Compulsive Sexual Behavior

Chapter 17: Managing Paraphilic Interests in the Community: An International Perspective

Chapter 18: Pharmacological Treatments for Individuals with Paraphilic Disorders or at Risk for Sexual Offending

Chapter 19: Rehabilitating Paraphilic Disorder in Prisons: Interventions Sensitive to Shame and Trauma and the Importance of Safe Prisons

Chapter 20: Behavioral Control Models in Managing Sexual Deviance

Author Index

Subject Index

End User License Agreement

List of Tables

Chapter 4

Table 4.1 Types of sexual thought

Chapter 7

Table 7.1 Tools that aid diagnosing agonistic...

Table 7.2 Examples of sexual scripts

Chapter 8

Table 8.1 DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for...

Chapter 13

Table 13.1 Exploratory factor analyses...

Chapter 15

Table 15.1 SRA need framework.

Table 15.2 Change indicators occurring...

Table 15.3 Ten-year sexual recidivism...

Table 15.4 Proportion of risk associated with...

Chapter 17

Table 17.1 Disorders of sexual preference according....

Table 17.2 Prevalence of PASAPs in males.

Table 17.3 Prevalence of PASAPs in females.

Chapter 18

Table 18.1 Guidelines for the Biological Treatment...

Guide

Cover

Title page

Copyright

Table of Contents

About the Editors

About the Contributors

Acknowledgments

Begin Reading

Author Index

Subject Index

End User License Agreement

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About the Editors

Leam A. Craig, PhD, C.Psychol, CSci, MAE, FBPsS, FAcSS, EuroPsy, is a Consultant Forensic and Clinical Psychologist and Partner at Forensic Psychology Practice Ltd. He is Professor, Visiting Chair of Forensic Psychology, University of Lincoln, UK, a Visiting Professor of Forensic Clinical Psychology at Birmingham City University, UK, and an Hon. Professor of Forensic Psychology at the Centre for Applied Psychology at the University of Birmingham, UK. He is a Chartered and dual Registered [Forensic and Clinical] Psychologist, a Chartered Scientist, holder of the European Certificate in Psychology and a Full Member of the Academy of Experts. He was awarded Fellowship of the British Psychological Society and the Academy of Social Sciences for distinguished contributions to psychology and the social sciences. He has previously worked in forensic psychiatric secure services, learning disability hospitals and consultancy to prison and probation services throughout England, Wales, and Northern Ireland, specializing in high-risk, complex cases. He was previously Consultant Lead to three community forensic psychiatric hospitals for people with personality disorders, learning disabilities and challenging behavior. He is currently a Clinical Lead to the National Probation Service on working with offenders with personality disorders. He acts as an expert witness to civil and criminal courts in the assessment of sexual and violent offenders and in matters of child protection. He has previously received instruction from the Salvation Army, Catholic and Church of England Dioceses, South African Police Service, the UK Government Legal Department (GLD) and currently receives instruction from the Criminal Case Review Commission (CCRC) and the United States Air Force European Area Defence Counsel. He has over 120 publications including 12 books. In 2013 he received the Senior Academic Award by the Division of Forensic Psychology for distinguished contributions to academic knowledge in forensic psychology and in 2018 received the Emerald Literati Award for a Highly Commended paper. In 2015 he co-authored a Ministry of Justice research funded report into the use of expert witnesses in family law and in 2016 he was appointed as Chair of the British Psychological Society, Expert Witness Advisory Group. His research interests include sexual and violent offenders, personality disordered offenders, forensic risk assessment and the use of psychologists as expert witnesses.

Ross M. Bartels, PhD, is Senior Lecturer in Forensic Psychology at the University of Lincoln in the UK. He also leads the “Forensic and Clinical Research Group” (FCRG) within the School of Psychology at the same university. Dr Bartels’s research interests focus on understanding and investigating typical and atypical sexual interests, as well as the psychology of sexual thoughts and sexual fantasizing, within forensic and community populations. His research also includes examining offense-supportive cognition using self-report and indirect measures and exploring the public's perception/attitudes towards people who have offended or have an atypical sexual interest. Dr Bartels recently set up the Forensic Cognition Lab (FCL) whose aim is the study of the above topics. The FCL consists of current PhD students, research assistants, and collaborators. He also sits on the editorial board for the Sexual Abuse journal and conducts peer reviews for a number of forensic and sex-related journals. He has, himself, published numerous peer-reviewed journals and book chapters on his specialist areas, and regularly presents his work at national and international conferences.

About the Contributors

Ross M. Bartels, PhD, is Senior Lecturer in Forensic Psychology and the current group leader of the “Forensic and Clinical Research Group” (FCRG) in the School of Psychology at the University of Lincoln (UK). His research is primarily focused on understanding the psychological underpinnings, facilitators, and effects of sexual thoughts and sexual fantasizing. He also actively researches atypical sexual interests and offense-supportive cognition, within both forensic and community populations. Dr. Bartels has published numerous peer-reviewed papers and book chapters on these particular topics, and regularly presents his work at national and international conferences.

Anthony R. Beech, DPhil, CSci, FBPsS, CPsychol, has authored over 200 peer-reviewed articles, 50+ book chapters and 10 books in the area of forensic science/criminal justice. His particular areas of research interests are: risk assessment; the neurobiological bases of offending; reducing online exploitation of children; and increasing psychotherapeutic effectiveness of the treatment given to offenders. In 2009 he received the Significant Achievement Award from the Association for the Treatment of Sexual Abusers in Dallas, Texas, and the Senior Award from the Division of Forensic Psychology, British Psychological Society, for recognition of his work in this area.

Klaus M. Beier, MD, PhD, is Director at the Institute of Sexology and Sexual Medicine at the Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin and in charge of the undergraduate and postgraduate training in his field as well as the outpatient clinic dealing with the full range of sexual disorders and gender dysphoria. His main focus in research is the prevention of child sexual abuse (CSA). The goal is to encourage self-identified undetected pedophiles to seek professional help in order to avoid committing CSA or consuming child sexual abuse material (CSAM). In 2005 he initiated the “Prevention Project Dunkelfeld,” which has now extended to 10 additional locations all over Germany (www.dont-offend.org), as well as a prevention approach to recruit juveniles with sexual interests towards children (www.just-dreaming-of-them.org), financed by the German insurance system for the next three years. In 2017 he started the internet-based self-management tool “Troubled Desire” for assessment and treatment of pedophilia to prevent CSA and the use of CSAM, currently available in English, French, German, Hindi, Marathi, Portuguese and Spanish (www.troubled-desire.com).

Peer Briken, MD, FECSM, is a full Professor for Sex Research, Sexual Medicine, and Forensic Psychiatry and Director of the institute of the same name at the University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf. From 2010 to September 2016 he was the president of the German Society for Sexual Research (DGfS) and from 2012 to September 2016 vice-president of the International Association for the Treatment of Sexual Offenders (IATSO). He is editor of the Zeitschrift für Sexualforschung and authored or co-authored more than 300 scientific papers. Since January 2016, Briken has been a member of the Independent Inquiry into Child Sexual Abuse in Germany.

Leam A. Craig, PhD, FBPsS, FAcSS, is a Consultant Forensic and Clinical Psychologist and Partner at Forensic Psychology Practice Ltd. He is a Professor, Visiting Chair of the School of Psychology at the University of Lincoln, UK, a Visiting Professor of Forensic Clinical Psychology at Birmingham City University, UK, and a Hon. Professor of Forensic Psychology at the Centre for Applied Psychology at the University of Birmingham, UK. He is a Fellow of the British Psychological Society and of the Academy of Social Sciences and a Full Member of the Academy of Experts. He has experience working in various forensic settings including prisons, probation and secure forensic psychiatric services throughout England and Wales and Northern Ireland. He is currently a Clinical Lead to the National Probation Service working on the Offenders with Personality Disorder Pathway. He has over 120 publications including 12 books. He is a series editor for the What Works in Offender Rehabilitation book series for Wiley-Blackwell. His research interests include sexual and violent offenders, personality disorder, forensic risk assessment and the use of psychologists as expert witnesses (see “About the Editors” section for more detail).

Elizabeth Deehan, MS, is currently a PhD student at the University of Lincoln (UK), having previously completed a BSc (Hons) in Psychology with Forensic Psychology, and an MSc in Forensic Psychology at the same institute. Her primary research interest is on paraphilias and sexual deviance, particularly somnophillia (a sexual interest in sleeping partners), which formed the focus of her MSc research and her current PhD research. Through conducting research on somnophilia, a complementary paraphilia was identified (a sexual interest in being asleep during sexual activity), which was designated “dormaphilia.” Elizabeth’s research on sleep-related paraphilias has been published in a leading journal and presented at major conferences, such as the Division of Forensic Psychology (DFP) and the International Association for the Treatment of Sexual Offenders (IATSO). Elizabeth also works as an Offending Behaviour Programme Facilitator for Her Majesty’s Prison Service. Currently, she delivers RESOLVE and the Thinking Skills Programme in a Category B male prison.

Deirdre D’Orazio, PhD, is the CEO of Central Coast Clinical and Forensic Psychological Services. She provides psychotherapy services, forensic expert services, professional training, outcome evaluation, and program development. She also works as a psychologist consultant to the California Department of State Hospitals, to programs for forensically committed individuals with sexual offenses. She is a member of the California Sex Offender Management Board, the leadership board for the Association for the Treatment of Sexual Abusers, and the Sexual Offender Civil Commitment Network. Dr D’Orazio is a recipient of the Fay Honey Knopp award by the California Coalition on Sexual Offending for positive and sustained contributions to the field of sexual offending. Dr. D’Orazio has publications, professional training, and research projects in forensic risk assessment, paraphilic disorders, best practices in sexual offense specific treatment, program development and evaluation, and professional ethics and supervision. Dr. D’Orazio has provided evaluations, expert witness testimony, and direct treatment services for more than 1,000 individuals identified as perpetrators or victims of violent or sexual crimes over the past 25 years. She holds psychologist licenses in California, Minnesota, and North Dakota. She is a certified trainer for the Static99R, the Structured Risk Assessment—Forensic Version, the Violence Risk Scale Sexual Offense Version, and the Stable and Acute 2007.

Yolanda Fernandez, PhD, is a registered clinical psychologist and currently holds the position of Special Advisor to the Sexual Misconduct Response Centre at the Department of National Defence in Canada. Her previous position was Regional Manager Institutional Mental Health for the Ontario region of Correctional Services of Canada. She has extensive experience supervising multi-disciplinary teams of mental health professionals providing services to minimum, medium, and maximum-security federally incarcerated offenders in Canada. Earlier in her career Dr. Fernandez worked as the Clinical Director at Rockwood Psychological Services, providing a sex offender treatment program at a medium security federal penitentiary and supervising all intake assessments of sex offenders entering the Ontario region of CSC. Dr. Fernandez is a certified Master Trainer and member of the development team for the Dynamic Supervision Project providing training in Static-99/R, STABLE-2007 and ACUTE-2007. She was the lead author on the extensive revisions to the STABLE-2007 manual and the ACUTE-2007 manual and is the second author for the revised 2016 Static-99R manual. Dr. Fernandez has multiple presentations at international conferences and publications in peer-reviewed journals as well as a number of co-authored and co-edited books.

Charles A. Flinton, PhD, has been engaged in research, assessment, and treatment of child abuse since 1986. Since 1992, his work has focused on assessing and treating sexual offenders. His work includes consulting on the management of sexual offenders with various local and national organizations, including the Center on Sex Offender Management (CSOM), Generation 5, the National Organization of Women (NOW), and the California Sexual Offender Management Board (CASOMB). In 2004, he was appointed Co-Chair of the San Francisco Sex Offender Management Alliance (SFSOMA) by the San Francisco’s Mayor’s Office. In 2006, Dr. Flinton co-authored Engaging Resistance, a book that explores the manner in which sexual offenders resist change and how this resistance both mirrors and is facilitated by treatment providers, the criminal justice/child welfare systems, and society. In 2008, he founded the San Francisco Forensic Institute, a state of the art forensic psychological assessment center. In 2010, as chair of the Adult Standards Committee of the California Coalition on Sexual Offending, he was the primary author for the Guidelines and Best Practices: Adult Male Sex Offender Treatment. Most recently, he co-founded the Blue Rock Institute, an organization aimed to prevent sexual abuse through early intervention and education.

Alexandre Gauthier is a master’s candidate in criminology at the University of Montreal, and a research assistant at the National Institute of Forensic Psychiatry Philippe-Pinel. He is currently conducting a study on sexual sadism, more specifically on its manifestations and origins.

Etienne Garant is a doctoral candidate in criminology at the University of Montreal and a research assistant at the National Institute of Forensic Psychiatry Philippe-Pinel. He is currently conducting research on child sex offenders and the maintenance of abstinence trajectories of adults who recognize sexual interest for children.

Leigh Harkins, PhD, is an Associate Professor at the University of Ontario Institute of Technology in Canada. Her current research interests focus on understanding sexual aggression and aggression in groups including factors influencing perceptions of the acceptability of sexually coercive behavior, technology and sexual violence, and multiple perpetrator sexual offending. Dr. Harkins’s work has focused on understanding and improving assessment and treatment of sexual offenders. This combined work has highlighted the importance of accurate and evidence-based approaches to assessment and treatment. She also has practice experience working in treatment groups for sexual offenders, and completing psychological assessments in prisons and community criminal justice settings in Canada and the UK. Leigh has published numerous manuscripts in peer-reviewed journals and book chapters, and has co-edited a book in the area of forensic psychology and has presented her research at international conferences. Leigh has supervised Honour’s thesis, MA, MSc, ForenPsyD and PhD students in forensic psychology.

Craig Harper, PhD, is a Senior Lecturer in Psychology at Nottingham Trent University. His research interests lie in the psychological processes that underpin decision making in relation to controversial social and political topics, with most of his research focused on how people form and express attitudes towards people with sexual convictions. He is a member of the Heterodox Academy, which seeks to promote viewpoint diversity and reduce political polarization in higher education.

Tamsin Higgs, DForenPsy, is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Canada, and is affiliated with the International Centre for Comparative Criminology and the research center of the National Institute of Forensic Psychiatry Philippe-Pinel. She is a Registered Forensic Practitioner Psychologist with the Health Professions Council, UK, and a member of the Québec Order of Psychologists, Canada. Her main research interests are in the trajectories that lead to violent and sexual offending, and risk evaluation and interventions for the perpetrators of this type of offense. She has published 12 peer reviewed articles and 5 book chapters on these subjects.

Roland Imhoff, PhD, is a Professor of Social and Legal Psychology at the University of Mainz in Germany. He considers himself to be a cognitively oriented social psychologist with an interest in the underpinnings and measurement of sexual interest.

Jonathan James, PhD, is an Assistant Professor at the Department of psychology at the Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Canada, and a researcher affiliated at the Behavioral Science Unit (French Gendarmerie). He is currently conducting research on the developmental and psychological processes involved in the commission of a sexual homicide.

Elizabeth L. Jeglic, PhD, is a Professor of Psychology at John Jay College of Criminal Justice in New York and co-director of the Sex Offender Research lab (SORL). Her research interests include sexual violence prevention and evidence-based public policy.

Christian Joyal, PhD, is a full Professor at the Psychology Department of the University of Quebec at Trois-Rivières (Canada) and co-director of the International Research Center of Comparative Criminology (University of Montreal). His research interests encompass forensic neuropsychology and forensic neuro-imaging, as well as paraphilic interests and sexual fantasies of sexual offenders and the general population.

Leah Kaylor, PhD, graduated from John Jay College of Criminal Justice with a master’s degree in Forensic Mental Health Counseling. She earned her PhD in clinical psychology from Saint Louis University. She is currently completing a post-doctoral fellowship at the Forensic Evaluation Services in the South Carolina Department of Mental Health.

Raymond Knight, PhD, is Professor Emeritus of Human Relations at Brandeis University. He has been doing research on sexual aggression for more than four decades. He has developed and validated taxonomic models for rapists and child molesters and has completed a 25-year follow-up of sex offenders released from the Massachusetts Treatment Center. He is currently validating the Multidimensional Inventory of Development, Sex, and Aggression (the MIDSA), which is a computerized contingency-based inventory that provides a comprehensive assessment of multiple critical areas of adaptation for juvenile and adult sexual offenders. He has served as president of both the Society for Research in Psychopathology and the Association for the Treatment of Sexual Abusers. Recently, his work has been recognized with the Joseph Zubin Lifetime Achievement Award for Research in Psychopathology and the Theoharis Seghorn Award for Professional Achievement in Preventing Sexual Abuse.

Tillmann H. C. Kruger, MD, is a medical doctor and Associate Professor at the Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy at the Hannover Medical School (MHH), where he received his MD degree in 1999. He works as a consultant and is Head of the Section Clinical Psychology and Sexual Medicine as well as Deputy Head of the Department of Psychiatry. He is a board-certified psychiatrist and psychotherapist as well as neurologist. Training locations include the Hannover Medical School and the University Clinics of Essen, both in Germany, and the University Hospital and Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich, Switzerland. He has published numerous of papers on the neurobiology of human and deviant sexual behavior and related neurobehavioral topics and has continuously been supported by national and international grants. Tillmann Kruger coordinates a research consortium dedicated to basic and clinical understanding of child sexual abuse and pedophilia (NeMUP) which is funded by the Federal Ministry of Research and Education (BMBF). In 2018 he was elected as an ordinary member of the Center for Systems Neuroscience, Hannover. At MHH he is medical head of two clinical prevention programs against child sexual offending (“Don’t offend”) and sexual violence towards women (“I CAN CHANGE”). Apart from this his clinical and scientific expertise includes clinical neuroscience of affective and personality disorders. Main topics are the modulation and treatment of mood states and affective/personality disorders by novel neuropsychiatric interventions such as treatment with botulinum toxin. Tillmann Kruger has been a Fellow of the European Committee of Sexual Medicine (FECSM) since 2012 and a EFS-ESSM certified Psycho-Sexologist (ECPS) (European Federation of Sexology, European Society of Sexual Medicine) since 2018. He has had a special authorization for consultation hours in sexual medicine and sex therapy from the Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians in Lower Saxony, Germany since 2012. In his consultation hours he meets people with all kind of sexual disorders and problems with a special emphasis on the interface of psychiatry, neurology and sexual medicine.

Rebecca Lievesley, PhD, is a Senior Lecturer in Psychology at Nottingham Trent University. She has conducted research within the criminal justice system since 2008, with projects including an investigation of reoffending and desistance in those serving short sentences, the evaluation of anti-libidinal medication for individuals convicted of a sexual offense, and help seeking prior to committing a sexual offense. She is also co-founder of the Safer Living Foundation charity.

Nicholas Longpré, PhD, is a Lecturer in the Department of Psychology at the University of Roehampton. He acts as Modules Convenor for the third year BSc in forensic psychology and for the MSc in forensic psychology. His research interests principally revolve around sexual and nonsexual violent offending. More specifically, his work focuses on the study of the latent structure and etiology of sexual sadism and sexually coercive behaviors, the Agonistic Continuum, the measurement of offense-supportive cognitions among sexual offenders, as well as the exchange and consumption of child pornography. He is currently studying the latent structure of sexual harassment and sexually coercive behaviors among college students and their correlates with personality disorders, hypersexuality, and emotion processing.

Patrick Lussier, PhD, is a Full Professor of Criminology at the School of Social Work and Criminology at Université Laval, in Quebec city, Canada. After completing a PhD in criminology at the University of Montreal, he completed postdoctoral studies at the Institute of Criminology at the University of Cambridge under the supervision of Prof. David P. Farrington. He was Professor at the School of Criminology at Simon Fraser University for eight years. Professor Lussier is currently a regular researcher at the International Center for Comparative Criminology (CICC). His field of expertise is at the intersection of criminology and criminal justice and includes, among other things, the etiology of antisocial and criminal behavior, sexual offending, risk assessment and management as well as quantitative research methods. He has published five books and about 150 publications, including scientific articles published in journals such as Criminology, Criminal Justice and Behavior, Justice Quarterly, Journal of Interpersonal Violence, Psychology, Public Policy & Law, Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment. Professor Lussier is the Editor-in-chief of the Canadian Journal of Criminology and Criminal Justice and a member of the editorial board of the Journal of Criminal Justice. He has also been a member of the American Society of Criminology for more than 15 years. In 2005, Professor Lussier received the Academic Gold Medal from the Governor General of Canada for the excellence of his doctoral dissertation on the origins and the development of sexual aggression.

Evan McCuish, PhD, received his PhD in Criminology in 2016. He is currently an Assistant Professor at Simon Fraser University, in Burnaby, Canada. He is the Principal Investigator of the Incarcerated Serious and Violent Young Offender Study, which is a longitudinal study on young offenders in Canada followed through adulthood. His research interests include criminal careers, desistance, developmental criminology, foster care, gang involvement, psychopathy, sexual offending, and violence. His work is published in Psychological Assessment, Crime and Delinquency, Sexual Abuse, Justice Quarterly, and Journal of Quantitative Criminology. He is on the editorial boards of the Journal of Criminal Justice and Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice. He is the recipient of the Simon Fraser University Dean’s Convocation Medal for Academic Excellence, the American Psychology-Law Society Outstanding Dissertation Award, and the American Society of Criminology Division of Developmental and Life Course Criminology Early Career Award.

Lauren McIvor holds a bachelor’s degree in behavioral psychology. She currently works as a behavioral technologist in Correctional Service Canada’s Ontario region. She also provides risk assessments and treatment for sexual offenders, in the community. Some of her research interests include applications of behavioral and mindfulness techniques in sexual offender treatment as well as psychopathy in sexual offenders.

Michael H. Miner, PhD, LP, is Professor of Family Medicine and Community Health and Research Director for the Program in Human Sexuality at the University of Minnesota Medical School. He began his research in sexual aggression as the experimental psychologist for the Sex Offender Treatment and Evaluation Project at the California Department of Mental Health and has continued exploring causes of sexual perpetration in adolescent males since joining the faculty of the Program in Human Sexuality. Dr. Miner is past president of Association for the Treatment of Sexual Abusers and a founding vice-president of the International Association for the Treatment of Sexual Offenders.

Rosemary Munns, PsyD, is an Assistant Professor at the University of Minnesota Program in Human Sexuality. She has extensive clinical experience in compulsive sexual behavior, relationship and sex therapy, gender diverse clients, and sex offender treatment. Dr Munns’s therapeutic work extends to partners and families of people who have compulsive sexual behavior issues or offenses. She is an AASECT (American Association of Sex Educators, Counselors, and Therapists) certified sex therapist as well as an AASECT certified sex therapist supervisor and serves on the AASECT committee for reviewing sex therapy certification applications. Dr. Munns is a member of ATSA (Association for the Treatment of Sex Abusers), MnATSA (Minnesota Chapter: Association for the Treatment of Sexual Abusers), as well as serving on the board of MnATSA. She is a member of the American Psychological Association and the Minnesota Psychological Association. Dr. Munns earned her PsyD at Minnesota School of Professional Psychology.

Mark Pettigrew, PhD, is an award winning researcher and criminologist. After completing his doctoral research on death row incarceration in the United States, Mark has published extensively on whole life imprisonment in England and Wales and the crimes, specifically aggravated forms of homicide, that give rise to the sentence. His current research interests include sexual paraphilias and adult homicide, homicide dynamics, and crime scene behaviors of sexually motivated killers.

Jean Proulx, PhD, is Professor and the Director of the School of Criminology at the University of Montreal, and a researcher at the International Centre for Comparative Criminology. Since 1987, he has also been active, both as a researcher and forensic psychologist, in treatment programs for sex offenders at the Philippe-Pinel Institute of Montreal, a maximum security psychiatric institution. His main research interests are the pathways in the offending process, personality profiles, and sexual preferences and recidivism risk factors in sexual murderers, rapists, paedophiles, and incest offenders. Over the last 35 years, he has published 10 books, and more than 150 book chapters and peer-reviewed articles in French and in English.

Ethel Quayle, PhD, is Professor of Forensic Clinical Psychology in the School of Health in Social Science at the University of Edinburgh and Director of COPINE. A clinical psychologist who has worked with both sex offenders and their victims for over 20 years, she has researched technology mediated crimes against children, collaborating internationally with government and non-government agencies in the context of research, policy and practice. Recent EU-funded research examined the function of coercive and non-coercive self-produced sexual images by adolescents and NSPCC-funded research on deterrence of possession of images. She plays an active role in a number of government and non-government organizations.

Alexander F. Schmidt, PhD, is a Senior Lecturer in Social and Legal Psychology at the University of Mainz in Germany. He is a licensed cognitive-behavioral therapist and does forensic expert assessments in court. His research interests focus on the indirect assessment of sexual interests as well as atypical/paraphilic interests and their link to sexual offending.

David Thornton, PhD, is a psychologist in private practice based in Wisconsin and holds a part time position as a professor in the Department of Clinical Psychology at the University of Bergen in Norway. He is licensed to practice as a psychologist in Wisconsin and Minnesota in the United States, and also in the United Kingdom. He was research director for Wisconsin’s program for sexually violent persons for three years and previously was the treatment director for that program for over a decade. He has published on evidence-based standards for effective correctional programs and on the importance of therapist style. He has been involved in the development of static actuarial instruments to assess sexual recidivism risk, contributing to the development of such scales as Static-99, Static-2002, Static-99R, Static-2002R, and Risk Matrix 2000. He has been involved in the development of psychological risk assessment, creating the Structured Risk Assessment (SRA) framework. His research is currently focused on clinically useful ways of assessing protective factors. He has published three books, over 15 chapters in edited books, and over 80 papers in peer-reviewed scientific journals.

Daniel Turner, PhD, first achieved his master’s degree in psychology at the University of Frankfurt, Germany. Afterwards he completed his medical studies at the University of Hamburg, where he also achieved his PhD degrees in psychology and medical studies. He has worked as a PhD student at the Institute for Sex Research, Sexual Medicine, and Forensic Psychiatry, at the University Medical Center Hamburg, Eppendorf and is now working as a post-doc researcher and medical resident at the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy at the University Medical Center Mainz, Germany. His research interests are pharmacological offender treatment, neuropsychological assessment of sexual offenders, sexuality education within medical studies and sexual behavior in patients with psychiatric disorders.

Jayson Ware, PDD, is currently the Group Director, Offender Services & Programs, Corrective Services New South Wales, Australia. He has researched or worked with sexual offenders for the past 20 years and has authored over 40 journal articles or book chapters primarily relating to the treatment of sexual or violent offenders. He has particular research interests in offender denial, group work, enhancing treatment effectiveness, and therapeutic communities.

Jamie Walton, PhD, is a practitioner psychologist (forensic) registered with the Health and Care Professions Council (HCPC). Jamie is an Associate Fellow of the British Psychological Society (AFBPS). Jamie has worked in the Her Majesty’s Prison Service (HMPPS) and the National Health Service in England for over 12 years. Jamie is current National Specialist Lead within the High Intensity programs team in HMPPS. He has co-authored a number of rehabilitative programs in HMPPS for people convicted of sexual offenses. His research interests include compassion interventions, the causes of pedophilia and child sexual offending, and the evaluation of rehabilitative programs for individuals convicted of sexual offenses.

Pamela M. Yates, PhD, R Psych, is a forensic psychologist, researcher, and Adjunct Professor at Saint Mary’s University, and is a Fellow of the Association for the Treatment of Sexual Abusers (ATSA). Formerly with the Correctional Service of Canada, Dr. Yates has worked extensively and internationally in forensic settings as a clinician, researcher, program developer, trainer, and consultant. She has authored numerous books and publications related to risk assessment, correctional intervention, and evidence-based practice in rehabilitation with individuals in conflict with the law. She has written extensively on offender rehabilitation, risk assessment, treatment, treatment effectiveness, psychopathy, and sexual sadism, as well as the Self-Regulation and Good Lives Models of sexual offender intervention. Dr. Yates is the primary author of Applying the Good Lives and Self-Regulation Models to Sex Offender Treatment: A Practical Guide for Clinicians, and, Building a Better Life: A Good Lives and Self-Regulation Workbook.

Acknowledgments

We are grateful to the contributors of this volume for sharing their experience and expertise and who have worked tirelessly on this project alongside their hectic schedules.

We would like to thank all those at Wiley-Blackwell for their patience and guidance in bringing this project together.

Part ISexual Deviance and Paraphilic Disorders