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- Herausgeber: GRIN Verlag
- Kategorie: Geisteswissenschaft
- Sprache: Deutsch
- Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2011
Diplomarbeit aus dem Jahr 2008 im Fachbereich Politik - Region: Naher Osten, Vorderer Orient, Note: 1,0, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: Die vorliegende Arbeit gliedert sich in vier wesentliche Punkte auf: Nach einer erfolgten Hinleitung zum Thema wird zunächst die Quellenlage in den Blick genommen. Dabei werde ich ausgewählte Werke behandeln, die eine Tendenz bezüglich des jeweiligen Sachverhalts besonders anschaulich werden lassen. Hiernach werden politikwissenschaftliche Theorieansätze zunächst idealtypisch in ihrem Entstehungszusammenhang dargestellt. Hierbei soll keine breite Darlegung des gesamten politikwissenschaftlichen Theoriengebäudes erfolgen; vielmehr werden gezielt insbesondere verschiedene Ansätze aus der neorealistischen Theorie vorgestellt und erst im folgenden Blick auf die politischen Fallbeispiele angewandt, womit sich die Auswahl aus sich selbst heraus begründen sollte. Sodann erfolgt eine Thesenbildung: Determinanten der saudischen Politik werden dargestellt, die Instrumente zu ihrer Durchsetzung betrachtet. Hier erfolgt eine abstrahierte, am Ideal orientierte Darstellung der saudischen Politik, freilich gab und gibt es Abweichungen hiervon in der politischen Praxis, wie auch gezeigt werden wird. Es sollen an dieser Stelle, vor dem Blick in die Praxis, Definitionen vorgenommen werde, die eine Analyse der saudischen Außenpolitik strukturieren und somit erleichtern sollen.. Der nun folgende Hauptteil der Arbeit versucht darzulegen, wie sich das außenpolitische Instrumentarien in der politischen Praxis entwickelte und ihr Einsatz erfolgte. Folgende Fallbeispiele werden untersucht: Der jemenitische Bürgerkrieg 1962-1968, der Einsatz der Ölwaffe durch Saudi-Arabien im Zusammenhang mit dem Ramadan-Krieg im Oktober 1973, die saudische Rolle im Iran-Irak-Krieg 1980-1988 sowie das saudische Engagement in Afghanistan seit Anfang der 1980er-Jahren. Die Ordnung der Fallbeispiele wird chronologisch vorgenommen, um zum einen die entsprechende außenpolitische Handlungsebene (lokal, regional, global), zum anderen den Einsatz der Instrumente (Militär, Rohstoff, Ethnie, Religion) durch Saudi-Arabien deutlich herauszuarbeiten. An ausgewählten Stellen werde ich auch nochmals auf die oben behandelten politiktheoretischen Ansätze eingehen, um die Angemessenheit ihrer Auswahl darzustellen. Auch erfolgt somit ein Abgleich des idealen Politik-Modells wie es oben vorgestellt wurde, und der Praxis im multidimensionalen Gefüge des Nahen Ostens. Abschließend werden in einem Fazit die wesentlichen Untersuchungsergebnisse noch einmal gebündelt zusammengefasst.
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