Strategic Safety Management in Construction and Engineering E-Book

Patrick X. W. Zou

• Herausgeber: John Wiley & Sons
• Kategorie: Wissenschaft und neue Technologien
• Sprache: Englisch

Seitenzahl: 475

Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2015

Beschreibung

Although the construction and engineering sector makes important contributions to the economic, social, and environmental objectives of a nation, it has a notorious reputation for being an unsafe industry in which to work. Despite the fact that safety performance in the industry has improved, injuries and fatalities still occur frequently. To address this, the industry needs to evolve further by integrating safety into all decision making processes.

Strategic Safety Management in Construction and Engineering takes a broad view of safety from a strategic decision making and management perspective with a particular focus on the need to balance and integrate ‘science’ and ‘art’ when implementing safety management. The principles covered here include the economics of safety, safety climate and culture, skills for safety, safety training and learning, safety in design, risk management, building information modelling, and safety research methods and the research-practice nexus. They are integrated into a strategic safety management framework which comprises strategy development, implementation, and evaluation. Practical techniques are included to apply the principles in the context of the construction and engineering industry and projects. Case studies are also provided to demonstrate the localised context and applications of the principles and techniques in practice.

Leseprobe

Table of Contents

Cover

Title Page

Copyright

Foreword

Acknowledgements

Chapter 1: Safety Management in Construction and Engineering: An Introduction

The Importance of the Industry

Characteristics of the Construction and Engineering Sector

Why a Book on Strategic Safety Management?

Historical Development and Current Trends in Construction Safety Management

The Book's Contents

References

Chapter 2: Economics of Safety

Costs of Construction Accidents

Benefits of Investment in Safety

Return on Investment in Safety Management

A Case Study on Return on Investment in Safety Risk Management

Optimisation of Investment in Safety Risk Management

Evaluation of Investment in Safety Risk Management

Conclusions

References

Chapter 3: Safety Climate and Culture

Safety Climate

Safety Culture

Safety Culture Maturity Measurement Criteria and Frameworks

Safety Culture Maturity Measurement Instrument

Case Studies

Utility of Safety Culture

Conclusions

References

Chapter 4: Skills for Safety

An Overview of the Skill Set

Conceptual Skill

Human Skill

Political Skill

Technical Skills

Skill Development Model

Skill Development Strategies

Conclusions

References

Chapter 5: Safety Training and Learning

Training and Learning Defined

Approaches to Learning: Pedagogy and Andragogy

Safety Learning in Construction and Engineering

Techniques for Evaluating Safety Training and Learning

Case Study

Conclusions

References

Chapter 6: Safety in Design, Risk Management and BIM

What is Safety in Design?

Why is it Necessary to Implement Safety in Design?

Safety in Design Policies and Guidelines

Safety Risk Management

Current Issues and Possible Solutions

Case Studies

Building Information Modelling (BIM) for Safety in Design

Conclusions

References

Chapter 7: Research Methodology and Research–Practice Nexus

A Typical Research Process

Research Methodologies

Current State of Play on Safety Research Methodologies

Social Desirability Bias in Research Design

Why and How Social Desirability Bias Happens

Techniques for Minimising Social Desirability Bias in Safety Research

Research-Practice Nexus

Discussions

Assessing the Relevance of Research Outcomes in Practical Application

Conclusions

References

Chapter 8: Strategic Safety Management

A Strategic Safety Management Framework

Developing Safety Management Strategies

Implementing Safety Management Strategies

Evaluating Safety Management Strategies

Case Study

Conclusions

References

Bibliography

Index

End User License Agreement

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Guide

Cover

Table of Contents

Foreword

Begin Reading

List of Illustrations

Figure 1.1

Figure 1.2

Figure 1.3

Figure 2.1

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List of Tables

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Table 6.1

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Table 7.1

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Table 7.4

Table 7.5

Strategic Safety Management in Construction and Engineering

Patrick X.W. Zou

Professor of Construction Engineering and Management, Swinburne University of Technology, Australia

Riza Yosia Sunindijo

Lecturer in Construction Management and Property Faculty of the Built Environment UNSWAustralia (The University of New SouthWales)

This edition first published 2015

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ISBN: 9781118839379

Foreword

Two thousand years ago, the Roman Statesman Marcus Tullius Cicero argued that “the safety of the people shall be the highest law.” An emphasis on health and safety and the protection of all human beings should be the mark of any advanced society. However, somehow, health and safety (or “elf 'n safety”) seems to have acquired a negative, restricting reputation. Most of my new undergraduate students admit that they have had good, exciting activities in their schools and colleges cancelled because of “elf 'n safety”. And yet, in a review of the exemplary success on all fronts of the construction of the London 2012 Olympic Park, General the Lord Dannatt (British Army Chief of the General Staff 2006–2009) found that “health and safety was not just an annoying millstone hung around middle management's neck, but it was the enabling theme on which the project senior leadership team could found the bedrock of operational efficiency leading to completion under budget and ahead of schedule.”

This book presents a strategic perspective on construction safety management providing both a historical and contemporary commentary. It deals with economics, climate and culture, skills, training and learning as well as the important contemporary topic of safety in design. The book also explores research methods in the domain and the research to practice challenge.

I have known the author for many years and been privileged to learn more about his work in this important area.

I commend this book to you.

Alistair Gibb, PhD, BSc, CEng, MICE, MCIOB European Construction Institute, Royal Academy of Engineering Professor Loughborough University, UK

Acknowledgements

Writing a book such as this means we have drawn data from a large number of sources, and we are indebted to many experts and commentators for their help. Especially we would like to thank Emeritus Professor Denny McGeorge of the University of Newcastle for proofreading the chapters; Adam Sun, a former MPhil student at UNSW Australia, for relevant data collection and analysis efforts for Chapter 2; Professor Andrew Dainty of Loughborough University for his invaluable contributions to Chapter 7; and Professor Alistair Gibb of Loughborough University for writing the Foreword.

We are grateful for the information obtained through various sources from the organisations included in this book: Lend Lease, Fluor, Gammon, John Holland, the Master Builders Association of the Australia Capital Territory, Leighton Holdings and so on.

The authors would like to thank UNSW Australia, University of Canberra and Swinburne University of Technology, where they have worked for many years, including undertaking part of the safety research that has been incorporated in this book.

We are also thankful to the editor(s) at Wiley–Blackwell for their contributions, especially Dr Paul Sayer and Harriet Konishi.

Finally, we would like to dedicate this book to our parents and family who have supported us continuously.

Chapter 1Safety Management in Construction and Engineering: An Introduction

This book addresses Safety Management in Construction and Engineering by taking a broad view of safety from a strategic decision-making and management perspective. It focuses on strategic decisions made by the boardroom and senior management, including safety strategy design, development, implementation and evaluation. The book also addresses the importance of balancing and integrating the ‘science’ and ‘art’ of safety management, together with an exploration of how safety is perceived and enacted by top management and on-site operatives. The localised on-project-site context for safety strategy implementation, monitoring and evaluation is emphasised, while case studies are provided to demonstrate the implementation of safety concepts, principles and techniques in practice.

The importance of the industry

Construction and engineering is an US $8.7 trillion market, accounting for 12.2% of the world's economic output (Global Construction Perspectives & Oxford Economics, 2013) and providing employment for about 200 million people worldwide (Murie, 2007). It is supported by a complex supply chain encompassing numerous industries ranging from steel, timber and concrete producers to furniture and carpet manufacturers. The supply chain extends further to other industries, such as trucking, shipping, manufacturing and mining, which may not have an obvious direct relationship to the construction and engineering industry (Hampson & Brandon, 2004; Jackson, 2010). The industry is important because of its size and output, which underpins various economic activities and contributes to the delivery of social and environmental objectives of a nation (Health and Safety Executive, 2009).

By way of demonstrating the importance of the construction and engineering sector, Australia and the UK are cited as examples. In Australia, the construction and engineering industry engages in three broad areas of activity: residential building (houses, apartments, flats, and so on), non-residential building (offices, shops, hotels, schools, and so on), and engineering construction (roads, bridges, rails, water and sewerage, and so on). Both the private and public sectors undertake construction and engineering activities. The private sector is engaged in all three categories, while the public sector plays a key role in initiating and undertaking engineering construction activities and those related to health and education (ABS, 2010). The construction and engineering industry is the third largest contributor to Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in the Australian economy and has a major role in determining economic growth. In 2010–11, the industry accounted for 7.7% of GDP and had significantly increased its share of GDP from 6.2% in 2002–03. It also employed 9.1% of the Australian workforce in 2010–11, making it Australia's third largest industry after health care and social assistance, and retail trade (ABS, 2012).