The CSI Construction Specifications Practice Guide E-Book

• Herausgeber: John Wiley & Sons
• Kategorie: Geisteswissenschaft
• Serie: CSI Practice Guides
• Sprache: Englisch

Seitenzahl: 452

Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2011

Beschreibung

The must-have specifications writing reference--andessential study aid for the Certified Construction Specifier (CCS)Exam The CSI Practice Guides are a library of comprehensivereferences specifically and carefully designed for the constructionprofessional. Each book examines important concepts and bestpractices integral to a particular aspect of the building process.The CSI Construction Specifications Practice Guide is focused onthe roles and responsibilities of the specifications professionalin meeting the challenges of the changing world of construction. Inthis volume, guidelines on topics like writing quality constructionspecifications and product selection are meshed with best practicesfor managing project information, working with Building InformationModeling (BIM) and Integrated Project Delivery, and writingsustainable design specifications. Other material covered in thisguide includes: * The Construction Specifications Institute's collected bestpractices for authoring specifications * Specialized guidance on presentation and management of projectinformation in the context of Building Information Modeling andsustainable design * Includes access to a password-protected web site with bonuscontent, including a PDF of the printed book and copies of CSIformat documents, such as UniFormat andSectionFormat/PageFormat An authoritative resource for effective written communication ofdesign intent, The CSI Construction Specifications Practice Guidepresents construction professionals and students studying for theCertified Construction Specifier (CCS) Exam with a solid foundationfor improving their methods of collecting and delivering importantspecifications data. * Serves as an authoritativeresource for effective writing ofdesign intent * Includes CSI's best practicesfor authoring specifications * Offers specialized guidance on project information in thecontext of BIM and sustainable design

Leseprobe

Contents

Cover

Title Page

Copyright

Introduction

Preface

Introduction to the Practice Guide Series

Description of The CSI Construction Specifications Practice Guide

Acknowledgments

Chapter 1: Practices

1.1 Project Manual Concept

1.2 Specifications Production

1.3 Profile of a Specifier

1.4 Developing Specifications

1.5 Specifications Organization and Preparation

1.6 Specifying Workmanship

1.7 Considerations during Development of Specifications

1.8 Specifying Quality Assurance and Quality Control

1.9 Preparing the Specifications

1.10 Producing a Project Manual

1.11 Coordination of the Specifications

1.12 Preliminary Review and Coordination of the Project Manual

1.13 Final Preparation of the Project Manual

1.14 Variations Required by Project Delivery Methods

Chapter 2: Language

2.1 Specification Language

2.2 Writing Style

2.3 Vocabulary

2.4 Spelling

2.5 Sentence Structure

2.6 Abbreviations

2.7 Symbols

2.8 Numbers

2.9 Capitalization

2.10 Punctuation

2.11 Grammar

2.12 Inappropriate Terms

2.13 Pronoun Reference

2.14 Unnecessary Words

2.15 Prepositional Phrases

2.16 Streamlining

2.17 Specification Detail

Chapter 3: Methods

3.1 Methods of Specifying

Chapter 4: Formats

4.1 Introduction to Formats

4.2 Hierarchy of Formats

Chapter 5: Agreements

5.1 Construction Agreements

5.2 Project Delivery and Basis of Payment

5.3 Standard Agreement Format

5.4 Standard Agreement Forms

5.5 Inclusion of Agreement in Project Manual

Chapter 6: Conditions

6.1 Conditions of the Contract

6.2 General Conditions

6.3 Common Articles

6.4 Supplementary Conditions

6.5 Caution

Chapter 7: General Requirements

7.1 Division 01—General Requirements

7.2 Organizational Basis for Division 01

7.3 Division 01 Relation to Other Documents

7.4 Writing Division 01 Sections

7.5 Commonly Used Division 01 Sections

7.6 Specifying Allowances

7.7 Specifying Alternates

7.8 Specifying Unit Prices

Chapter 8: Coordinating Drawings and Specifications

8.1 Introduction to Coordinating Drawings and Specifications

8.2 Terminology and Abbreviations

8.3 Precedence

8.4 Responsibility for Coordination

8.5 Using Checklists

Chapter 9: Modifications

9.1 Procurement and Contract Document Modifications

9.2 General Criteria

9.3 Procurement Documents Modifications

9.4 Contract Documents Modifications

9.5 Methods of Modification—AIA Documents

9.6 Methods of Modification—EJCDC Documents

9.7 Methods of Modification—DBIA Documents

9.8 Methods of Modification—Other

9.9 Change Orders

Chapter 10: Master Guide Specifications

10.1 Introduction to Master Guide Specifications

10.2 Contents of Master Guide Specifications

10.3 Reasons for Using a Master Guide Specification

10.4 Strategies for Developing and Organizing an Office Master Specification

10.5 Preparing Master Guide Specification Sections

10.6 Commercially Available Master Guide Specifications

10.7 Updating Master Guide Specification Sections

10.8 Additional Considerations

Chapter 11: Shortform Specifications

11.1 Introduction to Shortform Specifications

11.2 Concept of Shortform Specifications

11.3 Characteristics of Shortform Specifications

11.4 When to Use Shortform Specifications

11.5 Shortform Master Guide Specifications

11.6 Writing Shortform Master Guide Specifications

11.7 Shortform Project Specifications

11.8 Techniques for Converting Full-Length Master Guide Specifications to Shor t form

11.9 Commercially Available Shortform Master Guide Specifications

Chapter 12: Performance Specifying

12.1 Introduction to Performance Specifying

12.2 Construction Systems and Assemblies

12.3 Utilizing Nonstandard Technologies

12.4 Developing New Technology

12.5 Delegating Responsibilities

12.6 Roles of Participants

12.7 Determining the Extent

12.8 Performance Specifying of Project Elements

12.9 Levels of Performance Specifying

12.10 Resources

12.11 Drawings-Specifications Coordination

12.12 Performance Specification Format

Chapter 13: Specifying for Purchase of Goods

13.1 Introduction to Specifying for the Purchase of Goods

13.2 Use of Purchasing

13.3 Differences between Purchasing Contracts and Construction Contracts

13.4 Uniform Commercial Code

13.5 Format

13.6 AIA Purchasing Documents

13.7 EJCDC Procurement Documents

Chapter 14: Federal Agencies

14.1 Specifying for Federal Agencies

14.2 Procurement and Contracting Requirements

14.3 Social Value Regulations

14.4 Use of Manufacturers’ Names

14.5 Reference Standards

14.6 Specification Items for Consideration during A/E Contract Fee Negotiation

14.7 Federal Government Agencies’ Construction Documents Policies

14.8 Federal Government Guide Specification Program

14.9 Using Federal Government Master Guide Specifications

14.10 The Review Process

14.11 Regional Variations

Chapter 15: Warranties

15.1 Warranty Overview

15.2 Guaranties and Warranties

15.3 Construction Warranties

15.4 Terms and Conditions

15.5 Purpose

15.6 Benefits of Extended Warranties

15.7 Limitations and Exclusions

15.8 Remedies

15.9 Duration

15.10 Purchasing Warranties

Chapter 16: Construction Bonds

16.1 Construction Bond Overview

16.2 Definitions

16.3 Purpose of Bonds

16.4 Rating of the Bonding Company

16.5 Obtaining Bond Information from the Owner

16.6 Advantages and Costs of Bonding

16.7 Bid Bond

16.8 Performance Bond

16.9 Payment Bond

16.10 Bond Forms

Chapter 17: Construction Insurance

17.1 Construction Insurance Overview

17.2 Insurance for the Construction Contract

17.3 Liability Insurance

17.4 Property Insurance

17.5 Comparison of Insurance Coverage

17.6 Obtaining and Incorporating Information

17.7 Glossary of Insurance Terms

Chapter 18: Summary

References

Index

About the Companion Web Site

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Copyright © 2011 by Construction Specifications Institute. All rights reserved

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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data:

The CSI specifications practice guide / Construction Specifications Institute. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN 978-0-470-63520-9 (pbk.); ISBN 978-0-470-90485-5 (ebk); ISBN 978-0-470-90486-2 (ebk); ISBN 978-0-470-90487-9 (ebk); ISBN 978-0-470-95127-9 (ebk); ISBN 978-0-470-95146-0 (ebk)

1. Buildings—Specifications—Handbooks, manuals, etc. I. Construction Specifications Institute. II. Title: Construction Specifications Institute specifications practice guide. TH425.C75 2011 692′.3—dc22 2010019503

Introduction

Successful and cost-effective construction relies on appropriate communication of a project design by the architect/engineer (A/E) to the contractor and other project participants. From project conception through design and construction to facility management, effective communication of the project requirements depends largely on having complete and coordinated construction documents.

The responsibilities of the participants comprising the design team are determined by the project delivery method used. In the design-bid-build, design-negotiate-build, construction management, and owner-build methods of project delivery, the A/E executes the design phases and delivers to the owner the documents according to the owner-A/E agreement. Design-build project delivery differs in that the A/E is employed by the design-builder, and the design-builder executes both the design and construction. The term A/E will be used to identify the design professional responsible for the project design and construction documents, regardless of the project delivery method used.

This practice guide is based primarily on the traditional design-bid-build delivery method and variations are indicated for other delivery methods.

The term contractor might also refer to a construction manager as contractor (CMc) or a design builder.

Many product decisions are made throughout the development of the contract documents. Product representatives can be a part of those decisions by providing technical assistance to the A/E, owner, or contractor in the early stages of a project and continuing the assistance through the development of the contract documents. Product representatives should be familiar with the overall concepts of drawings and specifications and understand the implications of contract modifications. Thorough knowledge of all aspects of the represented product is essential when assisting the A/E with the development of the documents used for construction. Product representatives should present themselves to the A/E as technical experts and resources on the proper use and incorporation of reference standards, specifications, testing and certification, and applicable codes. The ability to review documents and advise the A/E on a cost-effective method of installation, or a new product that would contribute to the project’s success, is a valuable service and can build credibility.

Construction documents define the rights of, responsibilities of, and relationships among the parties. Of these documents, the Agreement and the General Conditions of the Contract have been developed by professional associations such as the American Institute of Architects (AIA), the Engineers Joint Contract Documents Committee (EJCDC), and the Design-Build Institute of America (DBIA) into standard documents. Several different standard documents have been published by these organizations for the various project delivery methods and basis of payment customarily used for construction. The advantage of a standard document is that it provides familiarity through repeated use and also that this repeated use has resulted in clear and well-coordinated documents. This standardization has been extended to the project specifications and drawings as well.

The Construction Specifications Institute’s (CSI) and Construction Specifications Canada’s (CSC) MasterFormat® presents a master list of numbers and titles for divisions and sections, providing a uniform location for administrative, procedural, and product information for any type of construction project.

Similarly, SectionFormatTM and PageFormatTM set up standard formats for the presentation of requirements within a specification section and on each specification page. UniFormatTM provides a standard for organizing information on construction systems, assemblies, and elements. The U.S. National CAD Standard for Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (NCS), including the Uniform Drawing System (UDS), provides a standard for defining and locating information on the drawings, including the identification of standard symbols, abbreviations, and notations. Through the use of such standardization, information can be placed properly in a predetermined location for each construction project, thereby making the task of using the documents much easier.

Specifications can be more easily coordinated with the drawings, specifications sections can be coordinated with each other, and A/E consultants can correctly integrate their work with less effort and error. It is not practical to include sufficient notes on construction drawings to describe in complete detail all of the product qualities and installation methods. Separate written descriptions, referred to as specifications, more effectively communicate this type of information.

The drawings and specifications are complementary. Proper methods of writing specifications or developing master guide specifications must be employed. The information must be clear to the user and presented in a concise manner, and it must also be technically correct and complete.

Specifying methods include descriptive, performance, reference standard, and proprietary. The A/E or specifier must understand the preparation of procurement documents and have an understanding of contract conditions including construction insurance, warranties, and bonds. The preparation of conventional specifications, as well as particular procedures such as specifying for the purchase of goods or for public agencies or the preparation of shortform specifications, requires an understanding of construction documents.

Construction documents are defined as the written and graphic documents prepared or assembled by the A/E for communicating the project design for construction and administering the construction contract. Construction documents are also used to obtain permits from the authority having jurisdiction (AHJ). Providing complete, coordinated, and easily readable construction documents that demonstrate code compliance can assist in problem-free AHJ reviews and inspections.

A standardized approach to the location of project subject matter for both written and graphic documents greatly simplifies the retrieval of information and reduces the possibility of conflicts, discrepancies, errors, and omissions. Written project requirements are organized in an orderly fashion, following the project manual concept. A properly assembled project manual with each document in its assigned location will facilitate checking and coordination. Likewise, a drawing set organized in a standard format with uniform location for information will be easier to coordinate with the project manual and itself.

Another important principle governing the production of construction documents is that each document, written or graphic, has a specific purpose and should be used for that purpose. Each requirement should be stated only once and in the correct location. Information in one document should not be repeated in other documents.

Whether a project is simple or complex, the basic concepts for preparing, organizing, and coordinating construction documents are applicable. Construction documents include two major groups of documents: procurement documents and contract documents.

Preface

Introduction to the Practice Guide Series

Beginning with the publication of the first Manual of Practice (MOP) in 1967 continuing through the publication of its successor document, the Project Resource Manual (PRM), it has been the intent of the Construction Specifications Institute (CSI) that these publications embody accepted standards for the preparation of construction specifications and project manuals, and a detailed source of information on quality documentation for the life cycle of a facility.

Through these publications, CSI has sought to aid owners, designers, specifiers, contract administrators, contractors, construction product representatives, and facility managers in the performance of their jobs.

In 2008, CSI began an effort to update the knowledge formerly contained in the MOP and PRM to present it anew and ensure its continued relevance. As with the earlier collections of this knowledge, the intent is to provide an authoritative resource on the organization, preparation, use and interpretation of construction documents, encompassing the entire life cycle of a facility from conception through facility management.

To accomplish this update CSI established the Practice Guides Task Team. One of the task team charges was to organize the presentation of this information into modules to support areas of practice where CSI currently offers certificates and certifications, such as Project Delivery addressed by the Construction Documents Technology (CDT) certificate, Specifications, addressed by the Certified Construction Specifier (CCS) certification, Contract Administration addressed by the Certified Construction Contract Administrator (CCCA) certification, and Product Representation addressed by the Certified Construction Product Representative (CCPR) certification, as well as other areas of practice for which education and certification may be developed.

To keep current with changes in the industry, the Task Team also reviewed other CSI documents and standards, and updated references to them that appear in the Practice Guides. A similar effort was made to incorporate changes in contract documents produced by The American Institute of Architects (AIA) and the Engineers Joint Construction Documents Committee (EJCDC), and to introduce the new standard contract documents developed by the ConsensusDOCS Coalition.

The Task Team also recognized the growing impact of “green” or sustainable practices on the subject matter contained in the Practice Guides. Each Practice Guide now addresses the topic of sustainable practice to some degree while a more detailed examination of the topic is planned for a future Sustainable Practice Guide.

Two other topics that have had an impact on the Practice Guides are: Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Integrated Project Delivery (IPD). The growing impact of BIM on the practice of specification writing and its potential impact on quality documentation made a discussion of this topic imperative. Likewise IPD has grown in importance over the past several years and has had an impact on the way practitioners relate to the process of creating and interpreting construction documents.

The Practice Guide Series is not intended to be composed of static documents but to be a living set of guides with the capacity to change and be updated as the construction industry changes around them. The input of users of this Series will be critical to the future updating of the Series and the authors and reviewers welcome feedback from users.

Description of The CSI Construction Specifications Practice Guide

The CSI Construction Specifications Practice Guide describes the process needed to effectively communicate a project design from the architect/engineer to the contractor, as well as other participants involved in the process of project conception, design, construction, and operation. The successful communication of a project design depends on the creation of a complete and coordinated set of construction documents both graphical and written. The CSI Construction Specifications Practice Guide serves as a guidebook to the preparation, organization, and coordination of construction documents and focuses on the written description of a project and how that description relates to the other construction documents. The CSI Construction Specifications Practice Guide also describes the best practices for product selection and defines the roles and responsibilities of the various parties to the process. Whether the reader is a seasoned practitioner or just getting started in creating or using written construction documents, the CSI Construction Specifications Practice Guide provides the information needed to enable effective communication among the various parties involved in a construction project.

Additional CSI publications that complement the Practice Guides are available for download to purchasers of the Practice Guides. The following documents can be obtained at www.wiley.com/go/csipracticeguides:

MasterFormat® numbers and titlesUniFormat™SectionFormat™/PageFormat™Sample CSI FormsGreenFormat™ questionnairePractice Guide Glossary

To access the content on this site, you will need the unique Access Code printed on the card included with this book. If you have purchased an ebook version of this title, please contact Customer Care at 877-762-2974 or at http://support.wiley.com for a unique Access Code in order to take advantage of the web site.

Acknowledgments

No project of this magnitude can be accomplished single-handedly. In the best CSI tradition many people volunteered to write, review, and contribute to the production of the CSI Practice Guides. CSI wishes to recognize the following people who contributed in many ways to this project. If we omitted anyone’s name it was inadvertent not intentional.

Ross G. Spiegel, FCSI, CCS, CCCA, FAIA, LEED AP BD+C Chairman, Practice Guides Task Team

Author of The CSI Construction Specifications Practice Guide:

George Wade Bevier, CSI, CCS, SCIP, LEED AP

Practice Guide Task Team Members:

George Wade Bevier, CSI, CCS, SCIP, LEED AP

Ellen Kay Crews, FCSI, CCS, FMP

Kathryn A. D’Andrea, CSI, CCS

Dennis J. Hall, FCSI, CCS, CCCA, FAIA, SCIP

Gregory J. Marking, FCSI, CCS, CCCA, AIA, NCARB, LEED AP

Wiley N. McMillan, Jr., FCSI, CCPR

Chris Pechacek, CSI, LEED AP

Jim Rains, CSI, AIA

James M. Robertson, FCSI, CCS, FAIA, NCARB

Walter R. Scarborough, CSI, CCS, CCCA, AIA, SCIP

Paul W. Simonsen, RA, FCSI, CCS, CCCA, LEED AP, NCARB, SCIP

Paul M. Sternberg, CSI, CCS, CCCA, AIA, LEED AP, NCARB

CSI Certification Committee Members 2008–2010

Ann G. Baker, RA, CSI, CCS, CCCA, LEED AP, SCIP

Peter A. Baker, CSI, CCPR, RCI

Joseph Berchenko, CSI, CCS, AIA

Bill Coady, CSI, CCPR

Sheryl L. Dodd-Hansen, FCSI, CCS, CCCA

George A. Everding, CSI, CCS, CCCA, AIA, LEED AP

Raymond E. Gaines, FCSI, CCS, AIA

Richard G. Howard, CSI, CCS, AIA, NCARB, SCIP

Gregory J. Markling, FCSI, CCS, CCCA, AIA, LEED AP, NCARB

Wiley N. McMillan, Jr., FCSI, CCPR

Kay M. Melcher, CSI, CCS, LEED AP

Jonathan M. Miller, FCSI, CCS, CCCA, AIA, SCIP

Stephen E. Nash, CSI, CCS, CCCA, AIA, LEED AP

George Rosamond, FCSI, CCS, AIA, LEED AP

Marilyn G. Smith, CSI, CCS, AIA, SCIP

Robert B. Swan, CSI, CCS, CCCA, AIA

Robert W. Teller, FCSI, CCS, CCCA, LEED AP

J. Peter Tolson, CSI, CCS, CCCA

Lisa Turner, CSI, CCPR, LEED AP

Sandra M. Velleca, FCSI, CCS, CCCA

M. Keith West, CSI, CCPR

Laurence E. Wightman, III, CSI, CCPR, AHC

CSI Education Committee Members 2008–2010

Mary-Alice Avila, RA, CSI, CCS, LEED AP, MS

Loren R. Berry, FCSI, CDT, AIA, NCARB

Marc C. Chavez, CSI, CCS, CCCA, AIA, SCIP

Gregory J. Markling, FCSI, CCS, CCCA, AIA, LEED AP, NCARB

Robert T. Matschulat, CSI, CCS, AIA, AIA

Jack P. Morgan, RA, CSI, CCS, CCCA, AIA, NCARB

Stephen E. Nash, CSI, CCS, CCCA, AIA, AIA, LEED AP

David S. Proudfit, FCSI, CCS, AIA

Casey F. Robb, FCSI, CCPR, LEED AP

Paulette K. Salisbury, FCSI, CDT

Walter R. Scarborough, CSI, CCS, CCCA, AIA, SCIP

Gregory W. Sprinkel, FCSI, CDT

Grady W. Whitaker, Jr., FCSI

Jim F. Whitfield, FCSI, CCPR, CTC, LEED AP

CSI Technical Committee Members 2008–2010

Gary L. Beimers, FCSI, CDT

Lane J. Beougher, FCSI, CCS, CCCA, AIA, LEED AP George Wade Bevier, CSI, CCS, SCIP, LEED AP

Tom R. Deines, FCSI, CCCA

Nina M. Giglio, CSI, CCS, SCIP

Mark J. Kalin, FCSI, CCS, FAIA

Michael MacVittie, CSI, AIA

Richard C. Master, CSI, AIA

Larry Nordin, CSI, CCS, AIA, ALA

James M. Robertson, FCSI, CCS, FAIA, NCARB

Paul M. Sternberg, CSI, CCS, CCCA, AIA, LEED AP, NCARB

David A. Stutzman, CSI, CCS, AIA, SCIP

Robert S. Weygant, CSI, CDT, SCIP

CSI Staff

Greg Ceton, CSI, CDT, Director of Technical Services

Chapter 1

Practices

1.1 Project Manual Concept

The documents commonly referred to as the specifications normally contain much more than that name implies. The procurement requirements, contracting forms, and conditions of the contract are usually included, but they are not specifications. In most cases, these are prepared by, or in coordination with, the owner and the owner’s legal counsel and insurance adviser. This information, along with the specifications, is, in fact, a collection of certain written construction documents and project requirements whose contents and functions are best implied by the title “Project Manual.” The project manual concept provides an organizational format and standard location for all of the various construction documents involved. For efficient coordination, document and section titles and their sequence of use should be the same for each project. With different methods of construction procurement, some documents become unnecessary. For example, in the owner-build delivery method and with negotiated contracts, bidding requirements are not applicable. shows an example of the recommended order of information and documents in a project manual. Separate volumes of the project manual are necessary when the number of pages makes them impractical to bind together in a single volume. Addenda and modifications are difficult to add to the bound project manual and are often compiled in a separate volume. Separate volumes can also be used for multiple contract construction projects.