22,79 €
Mehr erfahren.
An astrological perspective not only introduces new ways of thinking about ancestors, parents and siblings, it also reveals familial patterns, complexes and legacies that can assist in the healing process and improve future relationships. Images of the soul of a family are encoded into the symbols of the horoscope, therefore each individual's natal horoscope is systemic - its multidimensional symbols revealing the family system through time. The horoscope not only imagines the individual's responses to family members but also how others in the family may engage and participate in the system. The Family Legacy invites you to deepen your understanding of your place in the family portrait by participating with the evocative symbols embedded in your horoscope.
Das E-Book können Sie in Legimi-Apps oder einer beliebigen App lesen, die das folgende Format unterstützen:
Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2016
Ähnliche
Praise for The Family Legacy
What I love about Brian’s work is that he restores the Mystery to our ancient art, activating the imaginative function and widening the scope of our interpretive gaze. More than merely explaining and categorizing complex family dynamics, this work is an invitation to gaze deeply into the matrix of our first relationships and discover how Psyche weaves and interweaves through them all.
Jason Holley, Astrologer and Psychotherapist
I have known Brian Clark for nearly 30 years. Between 1995 and 2012 Brian taught regularly for our astrological program in Switzerland. His vast, encompassing knowledge as well as his experience on family issues and their impact on our lives has motivated my own work. This book allows the reader to participate in his work and inspires individual reflection and research.
Verena Bachmann, Psychotherapist and Astrologer
A fascinating, deeply researched and well informed book about the family legacy and its continued influence in our lives. Brian Clark has immense experience in this field, and we are fortunate to have access to his knowledge. Beautifully written, this book is an essential addition to our astrological understanding.
Clare Martin, author of Mapping the Psyche, Volumes 1, 2 & 3
THE FAMILY LEGACY
Astrological Imprints on Life, Love & Relationships
BRIAN CLARK
Acknowledgements
First I express my deep appreciation and gratitude to the many clients and students who have so openly shared their family stories with me in an astrological context. I have been enormously privileged to have been a witness to family threads that have been woven into the tapestry of their lives. My thanks to those who gave me permission to use their family portraits or fragments of their family stories.
I have been helped by many friends and colleagues who have read, proofread and assisted me to present the manuscript. My thanks to all those who have lent a helping hand; in particular Chris Bright, Michelle Proctor, Mary Symes and Barb Thorp for their much appreciated proofreading, edits and suggestions. Thanks to Carole Taylor who supported the presentation of the material through the Faculty of Astrological Studies in England. My gratitude to Rod Chang of the Academy of Astrology and Lilian Liou of Cite Publishing in Taiwan who were instrumental in the book being first published in Mandarin.
And I could not have written on family without the encouragement, love and support of my own family. But the one who has taught me most about family is my cherished wife and partner Glennys, who deeply knows the soul of family and who, by her integrity and honesty, consistently shows me how to be part of a family. Together we developed the family component of our four-year teaching programme, Astro*Synthesis.
My astrological circle is a close-knit collective worldwide which has always been supportive and encouraging and I am deeply thankful for their assistance. Many thanks to Frank Clifford who generously offered to steer the course towards publication. I am heartened by my close bonds with so many wonderful associates and friends in the astrological community; my colleagues here in Australia have been so embracing that we dub the FAA or Federation of Australian Astrologers as the Family of Australian Astrologers.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
– PREFACE –
Even though it might be curiosity that opens the family closet, when the door is ajar a highly evocative and emotional encounter with our past emerges. Memories, stories, feelings, images, responses and reactions await us as we encounter our family history. Being the sons and daughters of our familial legacy, we are the genes and DNA, the blood and earth as well as the spirit and soul of our ancestors. We belong to a tribe and this is the group we develop in. Individuality is not forged outside family, but begins with our first steps taken within the intimacy of household.
Seminal psychoanalytic theory understood the family as the foundation stone for adulthood; buried in the family experience were the origins of adult complaints and the source of troubling patterns. Yet millennia before these ideas developed, myth had told stories of family curses and ancestral relationships that vividly illustrated the intensity of family patterning. Astrology too had mapped out family themes and connections nearly two millennia before psychoanalysis. Awareness of the powerful imprint that the family etches on personal development has always been a fundamental feature of mythological and astrological intelligence.
This book has organically grown out of the classes that my partner Glennys Lawton and I developed for our four-year teaching programme Astro*Synthesis. A component on family called ‘Life Partners: Family Dynamics and Relationship Patterns’ is the fifth unit in the foundation course; the module called ‘Family Development: The Family System through Time’ is taught in the advanced programme. These two programmes have also been developed as a module for the Faculty of Astrological Studies in the UK. Three student booklets prepared for these modules, called The Astrology of the Family: The Family System; The Astrology of Brothers and Sisters: The Sibling System and The Astrology of Family Development: The Family System Through Time are the basis for this book.
Family therapy principles fit naturally with astrological practice and its models and main beliefs are very helpful in amplifying astrological signatures. Glennys is both a registered family therapist and astrologer and has brought her ideas and understanding to the astrological programmes on family that we developed; therefore, she is a strong influence, mentor and collaborator on this book. My earlier book The Sibling Constellation (Penguin, London: 1999) precedes this edition and some of the ideas on the sibling relationship were first explored in that book.
I am Canadian by birth but an Australian resident, and my family background is Anglo-Celtic. My father was born in London, England of Anglo heritage; my mother was born in Saskatchewan, Canada of Irish lineage. Both were only children and I grew up with my parents and one brother with no extended family. Therefore, my early outlook on family had a narrow focus. But it broadened in my adult life when I became a stepfather to three adolescent children and later had the gift of five beautiful granddaughters.
Through travel, I’ve experienced how Mediterranean family life extends to include aunts, uncles, cousins and their partners, grandparents and closer family friends. In Bali the ancestral spirits are honoured as part of the family matrix while other Asian cultures are inclined to include ancestors and all descendants in the make-up of their family.
The concept of family varies greatly depending on culture, race, generation and social circumstances. The ‘nuclear’ family was generally classified as two heterosexual adults in a committed relationship with one or more biological or adopted children. In the 21st century the notion of family is fluid and changing. Today families can be a couple with no children or a same-sex couple with children. No matter what our cultural perspective and understanding is, we all belong to a family and the bonds created through family ties are often the strongest and most enduring of all human relationships. Ultimately we are all part of the human family and share similar needs, drives, instincts and desires beyond our cultural and familial differences.
Approaching the family as a human archetypal experience assists in transcending cultural divergence. The archetypal nature of astrological language supports this approach. Its vernacular is not words but images and symbols; its dialect is not pronounced but felt and imagined. It differentiates aspects of the character in order to assemble a holistic understanding of the Self.
A very great part of understanding ourselves is our family and familial history. We cannot know our soul until we have understood the souls of those who have been before us. This is the treasured gift that opening the door to the family closet brings about. For the compassion and understanding we demonstrate to our ancestors is the compassion and understanding we will display to ourselves and the families we in turn create.
INTRODUCTION
SOUL AND FAMILY
The author at five months old in Mother’s arms with older brother, Ted, standing by
What if we thought of the family less as the determining influence by which we are formed and more the raw material from which we can make a life?1
Thomas Moore
– CHAPTER 1 –
SOUL AND THE FAMILY SYSTEM
Though we might blame our parents or even the planets for our predicaments, we are participants in shaping our destinies from the raw materials inherited from family. Astrology allows us to reflect on these raw materials and offers ways we can be authentic in response to our ancestral inheritance.
While developmental psychology emphasizes the influence of the parents and family in human growth, astrological doctrine suggests their imprint is already etched upon the soul at birth. Each soul has an essential template for its familial experience which is revealed through the planetary arrangements of the horoscope. An astrological perspective challenges most psychotherapeutic ways of thinking about family, suggesting that the images of the parents, familial legacies and complexes are embedded in our horoscope. And if the family is inherent in the birth horoscope, then its images are innate in us. Family is our fate.
The family is a system moving through time. It is the container that holds one’s genesis and beginnings. It is where we are deeply rooted, hopefully secure enough in our origins to grow and adapt to life. In a way, a family unit is a microcosm of society, providing continuity throughout life and a place in which to belong.
The Dictionary of Family Psychology and Family Therapy defines ‘family’ as:
A basic unit of society characterized as one whose members are economically and emotionally dependant on one another and are responsible for each other’s development, stability, and protection. The family serves as the basic unit of socialization to teach cultural values and adaptation to society.2
Importantly, a family unit consists of multiple generations. Members of each of these generations mature together within the same framework; therefore in the family grouping there are children, adolescents, adults and elders, all at various stages of the life cycle in their roles as siblings, sons, daughters, parents, grandparents and perhaps even great-grandparents.
An individual’s natal horoscope is systemic. Its multidimensional symbols reveal the family system and the network of the extended family members through time. The horoscope not only imagines the individual’s responses to family members but also how others in the family may engage and participate in the system. This systemic approach is an important model for astrological counsellors, as the horoscope contains images of the ancestors which provide a greater understanding of an individual’s legacy. The images of the soul of the family are encoded into the symbols of the horoscope.
Understanding the influence of the family can support our understanding and acceptance of the ‘real’ self. The astrologer can take into account the family atmosphere and heritage in order to better appreciate the individual’s disposition to particular planetary conditions. Our astrological inquiry into the family can be a journey into a fuller understanding of our role and place in society, as well as our relationships with other family members. It can also serve as a way to consider responses and patterns that have been shaped by the family, which continue beyond into other relationships.
Some Astrological Keys to Family
Astrology has a long tradition of ascribing familial images to its symbols. For instance, the 3rd house was historically seen to represent sibling issues and dynamics, while the 4th house was considered the sphere of the parents. Two millennia ago, Ptolemy stated that ‘the sun and Saturn are by nature associated with the person of the father and the Moon and Venus with that of the mother’.3 Conditions concerning the mother and father, such as death, illness and life span, were then delineated according to certain configurations with these and other planets.4
There are many ways to articulate familial images from the horoscope. Contemporary astrology includes not only the 3rd house but also the 7th and 11th to show how kinship, relationship and comradeship experienced in the familial environs are then taken out into the social world. These are the ‘Air trinity’ or the ‘houses of relationship’ where relationship patterns are shaped.
The 4th house has always been connected with the parents; by extension the 8th and 12th are the spheres most immediately concerned with ancestry and the familial inheritance. This ‘Water trinity’ focuses specifically on the family atmosphere, legacy and unconscious complexes that influence and shape our character. These ‘houses of endings’ or ‘houses of soul’ are the territory of in-depth feeling, reservoirs of the past and also the places where familial and ancestral themes are located and interred.
The two main axes of the horoscope resonate with the ‘Air trinity’ and ‘Water trinity’. The MC-IC axis is the parental axis, the axis of the family. It combines the poles of the inner and outer worlds; the private and the public self. As the spinal column of the horoscope, this axis supports and/or hinders our ability to stand erect in the world. The other main axis of the horoscope, the ASC-DSC, is more aligned with the limbs of the family tree and the faculty of reaching independently into the world of social relationships.
As indicated by Ptolemy, the Moon offers a profile of mother. In contemporary times the lunar archetype has broadened. Aspects to the Moon reveal the inherited archetypal make-up passed through the lineage of mother. Systemically this might describe aspects of mother’s character as well as those in her familial line, including grandmother and great-grandmother. From a contemporary psychological point of view, the lunar constellation (sign and house of the Moon and its aspects to other planets) illustrates the individual’s perception and experience of their mother.
The Moon these days symbolizes a container of family life in all its multi-dimensionality. It epitomizes the family home, the experience of attachment and security in early life which becomes the emotional safety net for adult relationships. Astrologically the Moon suggests our own personal style of attachment, as well as our early sense of safety and well-being, which inform our ability to feel separate in later life.
Similarly the Sun personifies father and father’s lineage. As an essential part of the solar system, each planet plays its role in the family system. For instance, the inner planets (Mercury, Venus and Mars) may indicate other family members such as siblings, aunts, uncles, while the social planets (Jupiter and Saturn) describe cultural influences on family life. Chiron resonates with themes of adoption and blended families while the outer planets (Uranus, Neptune and Pluto) illustrate the complex and collective patterns which influence the family unconscious.
More Threads to the Family Tapestry
When the helping professions began to view the individual in the context of the family and as a member of a larger group, psychology became more aware of sibling patterns within the family system. Psychological literature on the sibling started to appear from the 1970s onwards. Sibling research and theory have been mainly initiated from the areas of sociology and family therapy. Yet, long ago, myth and astrology already expressed the complexities of the sibling bond. One poignant example is found in the story of the constellation Gemini: the two bright stars, Castor and Pollux, personify the siblings that underpin this zodiac sign.
In exploring the myths of Gemini and Mercury we recognize the powerful imprints that the sibling or lack of a sibling leaves on both the individual and family life. Family therapy no longer sees the sibling relationship confined to the ‘nursery’ as the early psychoanalytic fathers did, but as a developing relationship maturing throughout the course of individuals’ lives. In many ways the sibling relationship is our first partnership, and we can acknowledge the important turning points that occur within it over the span of a lifetime.
Beyond the sibling relationship and Mercury, other planets show different key influences. Using astrological symbols imaginatively in the context of the family experience reveals deeper insights into the influential relationships with these formative characters in our lives. Venus can be representative of women, such as aunts; Mars can signify men, such as uncles. All these insights can be gleaned purely through the analysis of one horoscope which acts as a family portrait.
Planetary aspects within a person’s horoscope illustrate the impact of certain family members and the roles they played in our lives. While a planet may be embodied or personified by someone in the family, it is the attitudes and characteristics of this family member that help us understand these qualities within ourselves better. Aspects between the inner planets and the social and outer planets inform us of patterns embedded in family life and how these have shaped our character.
We can also compare and analyse other family members’ horoscopes, and when we do it is apparent that a web of astrological connections is woven throughout the family. Repetitive patterns of signs and sign polarities, degrees of the zodiac, planetary aspects and angular planets, as well as planetary themes, emerge across the horoscopes from one family member to another. Family patterns are already inborn and recognizable in the interactive contacts between the horoscopes of family members.
It is curious that the Sun, Moon and angles of the parents’ horoscopes are so often closely aligned with similar placements in the child’s birth chart. It is as if the soul matter of the family discloses itself through these astrological patterns. Liz Greene expressed it in this way:
… planetary aspects repeat among the charts of family members without any perceivable or understandable causal basis. Families as much as individuals are driven by mythic patterns.5
Often similar planetary aspects, signs and zodiacal degrees are repeated throughout various generations, confirming the familial connections through time. Astrological symbols contain the family past that has become mythologized over the generations. When considering family ancestry we are presented with stories and images that have developed through the ages. Time has become invested with family memories, emotions, traumas, opinions, sentiments; its nature is no longer linear. Within the family system some symbols may no longer be characteristic of their potential as over time the archetype has been inhibited. The interplay of family story and time inform the specificity of astrological archetypes within each family.
For instance, a young man with a Sun–Neptune conjunction who had a noticeable gift for music was never allowed to play a musical instrument within his family home because music was not deemed an appropriate pastime, let alone a viable career option for men. The astrological symbol (the Sun–Neptune conjunction) carried the archetypal potential of a gifted musical vocation, but the evolution of this archetype within the man’s ancestry was undeveloped and unfulfilled. The archetypal potential of the Sun–Neptune became buried beneath layers of family rejection. In order to engage with the potential of the Sun–Neptune archetype, he had to confront the family’s resistance to individual creativity.
The Family Matrix Through Time
Family therapy’s developmental ideas can offer the astrological practitioner insights into the individual’s experience of family through the passage of time. The family’s conscious and unconscious experiences of transits and progressions through the early life cycle of an individual are formative imprints on the child’s own experience, influencing the way they relate to different astrological symbols and archetypes.
When considered systemically, astrological timing will not only be relevant to one individual’s chart but also to the charts of their relatives. Major transits and life stages for one individual directly impact on other family members in the same system. Since the web of astrological connections often stresses certain astrological signs or degrees, planetary transits are often synchronous in many family members’ horoscopes.
While we are aware of our own individual life cycle from birth through childhood, adolescence, adulthood, midlife, old age and on to death, family therapy also addresses the significance of the family life cycle. Like any organism, the family has a natural life cycle and each member moves through various stages and rites of passage in the family as they mature.6 This life cycle corresponds with the natural astrological cycles of transiting and progressed planets, nodes and other celestial bodies. Nodal points in the family congregate around the entrances and exits of family members at important stages of family life; for instance, the 12-year rounds of Jupiter feature strongly in developmental stages, as we will explore later.
The family carries its own life force and momentum which extends across generations both living and deceased. Theoretically we might begin the life cycle at any stage but consensus suggests we begin at the engagement or commitment of the adult couple. This is the time when each individual moves away from their family of origin into their family of choice and a new cycle begins.
Entrances and exits are highly stressful for all family members because they represent transitional times in both the personal and family life cycles; these are the times when individuals are most vulnerable. Transition is generally a critical passage and awareness of these turning points in family life helps members to make these changes more consciously and functionally.
For example, the first child leaving home is a key passage in the family life cycle and signals a shift for each member. The younger sibling moves forward, accommodating the void created by the sibling who has left. Their roles, responsibilities and privileges alter. The parents, who have launched their first child, are acutely aware of preparing for a readjustment phase in their lives when daily family life will return them to being alone as a couple.
Traumatic events alter the course of the family. Divorce, remarriage, illness, relocation, retrenchment, loss and death all affect the course of the family life cycle. These variables are part of life and are symbolized astrologically by transits to the horoscopes of family members, each in their own way.7 While planetary cycles will frame the life cycle for an individual and the family, personal transits create the interruptions and variations.
The Rich Complexity of Family Astrology
Many different types of horoscope can be generated when compiling family charts. In addition to each family member’s horoscope, there are transits and progressed charts, composite charts, wedding and death charts. With so much information it’s easy to become inundated. Therefore a genogram is helpful in organizing the family system through generations and it can also act as a useful foundational tool for grounding astrological data.
As astrologers we constantly marvel at the truth of the astrological symbol, yet I often feel confined when trying to express the essence of the horoscope through words. The astrological symbols and images are not bound by the nature of words. They reside in the mysterious and profound spaces of the imagination.
Astrological craft teaches how to read an individual horoscope for character, events, patterns and themes. This in itself shows the capacity of the astrological symbol to be revelatory and meaningful. Yet when it is extended beyond the individual chart into the matrix of family astrology, we are called to listen and respond to the deeper cyclical and repetitive motifs over time. In doing so, we experience a deeper soul patterning; the astrological symbols become more multi-layered and rich in history, aged and ripened by membership within the powerful container of the family.
– CHAPTER 2 –
FATE, THE SOUL’S IMPRINT; MYTH, THE LANGUAGE OF THE SOUL
Like many other cultures, the Greeks used the constellations as a means to record and convey their myths. By the Classical period,8 the constellations that the Sun and all the planets passed through on their journey around the solar system became known as the zodiac. This celestial highway, the zodiac, refers to a circle of animals which in turn tell the story of a wheel of life indicative of a deeply divine layer of human experience.
‘Zodiac’ is borrowed from the Old French zodiaque, derived from Latin; however, the original source is Greek.9 The Greek root of the word is zoion, which refers to a circle of sculptured animal figures suggesting a living being, an animal or life; a circle of life. Embedded in the zodiac is this archaic wisdom; hence it also came to be known as the ‘seat of the soul’ or the ‘temple of the spirit’.10
Humanity’s First ‘Book’ of Myths – the Zodiac
While the myths associated with the images of the zodiacal constellations seem unrelated and almost random in their selection, a cohesive schema of life energies emerge as we unravel their plots.11 In effect, the zodiac is one of humanity’s first picture books. Rich with images of animals and human figures, it symbolizes the instinctual, ‘animalistic’ human journey, an imaginative way to view the schema of life. The narratives, drives, impulses and pathos of the ‘collective unconscious’ were projected onto these constellations; hence the zodiacal constellations are not just smatterings of images but representations of collective psychic energy animating the sky.12
Not all the luminous bodies in the night sky are fixed. The ancients came to know the wandering stars as the planets, imagining them as embodiments of divine forces, their deities journeying through the heavens. The planets were named after these gods and the sagas of these deities were intermingled with the narratives that were told of the constellations. Before science chronicled the heavens, the archaeology of the ancient skies was set down through the mythology. James Hillman suggested that mythology was the ‘psychology of antiquity’;13 further to this, we could suggest that astrology was also a psychology of antiquity. Astrology is another way of engaging with mythic narratives. In astrology the mythic narratives are expressed through patterns in the heavens, one of the earliest attempts to link the world outside us to the world within.
Myth, whether expressed through the star stories, cycles and patterns of astrology or through tales unrelated to astrological phenomena, is a potent way of comprehending the world around us. The stories of ancient gods, goddesses and their heroic deeds narrate the soul’s archetypal journey. As stories of inner events, myth unfastens a psychic portal through the language of the imagination. Carl Jung called imagination ‘the mother of human consciousness’,14 as it nurtures our earliest attempts to find meaning and worth before the development of literacy.
One way to think about myth is that it is a dialect of the soul, a storyline strung together with ancient and archaic memories of human experiences. Myth offers an original view of our natural world beyond the limits imposed by rational thought. When we engage with myth, we suspend our beliefs and certainties about who we are and where we come from and cross into a dimension where these realities are less personalized. They are everyone’s realities, like a collective dream, only we perceive and participate with them from our personal perspective. Myths engage the imaginative self and inspire us to play a part in the creative process.
Every family has its own myths and sagas, its own stories and dynamics playing out in the present yet tied into the myths of the generations gone before. Astrology offers a unique perspective on the family system and can support uncovering myths that might still engage us. Often we can feel tied to the fate of a family story, as if we are still living its mythic storyline as one of its characters.
Family Myths
Family inheritances are often viewed as financial or physical. Yet family myths are not only transferred through trust accounts and chromosomes, but also through emotional and psychological DNA. In this the early Greek myth-makers were well versed; their myths set down sweeping sagas of the dynasties of Crete, Troy, Mycenae and Thebes, detailing the complex intergenerational patterns that were inherited by each successive generation. Not only did the Greeks recount the fated threads with which each individual continued to weave the family conspiracy, but they also told of the interplay between gods and family heroes.
The myths were the earliest account of the family soul and useful modern-day metaphors for archetypal and familial forces that affected the individual. The mythological cycle became a boon for 5th-century playwrights who then dramatized the family fate through spectacular theatrical productions. Some of these tragedies were like living genograms in which the present-day hero was undoubtedly the heir to his family fortunes and misfortunes. For instance, Orestes, under the direction of the god Apollo, murdered his own mother. Yet each member of the audience, familiar with the mythic tradition, would have known the dynastic history: that his father had sacrificed his sister and his grandfather had killed his brother’s children. But the fated patterns could be traced back even further to his great-great-grandfather who had originally betrayed the gods. Herein was the heroic challenge in all families: to become conscious of the fate dealt out by the gods for transgressions committed long ago.
Myth depicts the spectrum of familial relationships, whether that be the poignant relationship between mother and daughter, such as between Demeter and Persephone; the complex motherson bond as portrayed by Oedipus and Jocasta; an intense fatherson relationship like that of Theseus and Hippolytus; or a fatherdaughter attachment, such as the bond between Zeus and Athena. Mythology consistently recognized the sibling relationship and its influence throughout the lifespan. Myths honour the sibling bond through a complexity of relationships, both mortal and divine, such as the sibling marriage of Zeus and Hera; the solidarity of brothers Agamemnon and Menelaus or the fraternal rivalry of Romulus and Remus; the devoted companionship of Apollo and Artemis; the fate of sisters Iphigenia and Electra; or the envy of Psyche’s sisters. Since myth was animated by family plots which visibly revealed ancestral patterns and trans-generational fate, it was no wonder early psychoanalysts like Sigmund Freud, Otto Rank and especially Carl Jung drew on its wisdom to articulate psychic patterns inherited through the family.
Alongside myth, astrology also addresses the soul’s purpose, its patterns and its journey through its symbols and images. Each horoscope contains the myths of the family and its heritage; in each chart the family story is alive. With an imaginative eye an astrologer can begin to read the familial past that passes through the present
Pholus and the Myth of Four Generations in the Family
Greek myth is a treasure trove of family stories, and the story of Pholus offers some insight into the interplay between family mythology and fate. Pholus was a Centaur who gave his name to the Pholoe region in Arcadia where Mount Pholoe is located. His father was Silenus, an oracular forest god, who was associated with Dionysus and is often identified as his foster father. Hence Pholus inherited the family traits of prophecy and wisdom along with the skills of wine-making and preserving. Therefore it was natural for Dionysus to bequeath a jar of wine to Pholus with specific instructions that the wine must be sealed until Heracles would eventually arrive at his cave on Mount Pholoe.
Mount Pholoe is just south of Mount Erymanthus where Heracles was chasing the boar, the Fourth Labour in his great round of 12 initiatory tasks. It was during this time that Heracles visited his wise Centaur friend Pholus, who hospitably offered him some wine from the preserved jar sunk down in the earth. Four generations had passed since Dionysus had entrusted the jar of wine to Pholus, so the fragrance was strong and sweet when he lifted the lid to pour the hero his drink. It was this heady scent that attracted all the other Centaurs to the cave, where a confrontation between the hero and the chaotic Centaurs occurred.
It was Diodorus, the 1st century BCE historian, in Library of History (4. 12. 3) who details the full account of the myth and first draws our attention to the jar bequeathed by Dionysus and which remained in Pholus’s care for four generations. Melanie Reinhart, in her work with the Centaurs, describes the chaos that erupts with the phrase ‘the lid comes off’.15
Greek myth illustrates a template for what is often revealed by the great-grandchild, four generations later, and the link between this present generation and the one four generations ago. This past generation is usually unknown to the present generation and lives on through myth and family story. The myth serves as a potent metaphor for sealed contents stored in the jar of the unconscious that might burst into consciousness at some later point in the family history, hence why the narratives of family life are so essential to our sense of well-being.
In astrological imagery it is also interesting to note that the four generations could be imagined starting with the 4th house. The next generation, using the derivative house system, would be the 4th from the 4th, or the 7th house; the next house in the process would be the 4th from the 7th, or the 10th house; the next would be the 4th from the 10th, or the 1st house. All four angular houses are brought into the cycle of the four generations and, as we shall see, all of these houses play an integral role in family astrology. Interestingly, in the myth of Heracles, this is the Fourth of his Twelve Labours, and the astrological house most associated with family is the 4th house.
From the Chaotic Night of Fate to Conscious Collaboration
Fate confronts the individual and, indeed, humanity. Pholus unwittingly opened up the ‘Pandora’s Box’ of the family fate. He had no conscious knowledge of what opening the wine jar would unleash. Pholus’s predicament evokes core philosophical questions about fate. Is life predetermined or flexible? Is it God’s will or free will? Carl Jung suggested that those who submit to their fate call it ‘the will of God’ but those who dispute it are ‘more apt to see the devil in it’.16
The question of fate often polarizes into two extreme views: one viewpoint identifies fate as something we can do nothing about; the other implies surrendering to its will. Of course there are other perspectives, and one consistent with astrology is how we might consciously cooperate in weaving the threads that have already been allotted for the tapestry of our lives. Our understanding of fate is central to how we approach astrology and how we derive meaning from its symbols.17
In the first Greek epic by Hesiod on the birth of the gods, the Fates were personified as the daughters of Themis and Zeus. Hesiod gave them the individual names of Clotho, Lachesis and Atropos. However, earlier in the same epic poem, Hesiod had already introduced the ‘ruthless’ Fates as daughters of Night. They were categorized along with Doom, Death, Blame and a host of other dark figures.18 Interestingly, over the course of the epic, the Fates’ genealogy is changed from being children of chaotic Night to becoming daughters of Themis and Zeus.
Now as children of Themis and Zeus, the three Fates are under the jurisdiction of the new pantheon of gods and goddesses, reflecting their place in the new world order where chaos and feeling are becoming more contained and considered. I see this as a metaphor of how we might alter our fate from its unconsciousness by becoming conscious of the patterns that have already been woven for us before our birth. When born of night, our fate is unconscious; but when reborn in a more conscious light, it is a matrix that we can collaborate with through reflection and consideration.
Lachesis apportions the fibre that Clotho has spun at our birth. She assigns to us the length of the threads. When Atropos cuts the threads we enter our lives with the apportioned strands of our family inheritance. Our familial inheritance already exists as an essential aspect of who we are. It is our legacy, and astrology is a dynamic tool to help us understand this fate and how the family might collude to keep it in the dark, as if daughters of Night. Family values, beliefs, traditions and ways of life have woven patterns that exist before we are born and are the inherited cloth from which we forge our character. To be mindful of our familial patterns and legacies contributes to a deeper understanding of our own fate.
Signposts of Fate’s Presence Across Family Horoscopes
With family astrology, there are many charts to contemplate and stories to consider. When looking at an individual’s horoscope, the symbols are already powerful enough for us to perceive the family portrait. And when we look at a child’s chart in comparison with their parents’ or siblings’ charts, we are able to see similarities and patterns which are carried through the family.
When looking at the family members’ charts there are many ways that these patterns are visible. Like genes, sometimes these patterns skip generations or certain members of a generation. Often it is only some members of the family who carry the similar astrological statements while other members might carry another image. Sometimes the astrological statements flow through the mother’s line while others flow through the father’s. Analysing the horoscopes of the members of a family will reveal fascinating astrological patterns and legacies.
Repetition of Zodiac Sign or Sign Polarity
Often a particular zodiac sign is prominent in the family constellation. For instance, in the Kennedy family, patriarch Joseph Kennedy Snr had four personal planets – the Sun, Moon, Mercury and Venus – in the sign of Virgo. His wife Rose shared Venus in Virgo as well as having Saturn in Virgo.
Both birth times are unverified; Joseph Snr is cast for 7.06 a.m. However, Joseph Snr’s Moon was in Virgo all day on the day he was born (6 September 1888) as were the other planets, except Venus which entered Libra in the afternoon. Rose’s chart is cast for 7.00 p.m. and both planets were in Virgo all that day.
They had nine children: four boys and five girls. The eldest, Joseph Jr, died at the age of 29 when his plane exploded over the English Channel during the Second World War. Of the remaining three sons, two had the Moon in Virgo. John’s only planet in Virgo was the Moon; Edward had a Neptune-Moon conjunction in Virgo as well as the South Node in the sign. Robert had no planets in Virgo.
Rosemary, the third-born child and the first daughter, was institutionalized for most of her life after a failed lobotomy. She had three planets in Virgo – the Sun, Mercury and Venus – while her next sister Kathleen, the fourth child, had Saturn in Virgo. Like her elder brother, Joseph, Kathleen died in a plane crash at the age of 28. Eunice, the fifth child, had the Moon, Jupiter and Saturn in Virgo. Of the nine children, three had the Moon in Virgo.
John Kennedy’s son, John Kennedy Jr, was 38 when he died in a plane crash like his aunt and uncle. He was from the Pluto in Virgo generation but also had the North Node on his Ascendant in Virgo. His sister Caroline was also born with Pluto in Virgo. Another sibling, Patrick, who died when only two days old was born during the period of the Uranus-Pluto conjunction in Virgo, but also had Venus in Virgo like his grandmother and grandfather and his aunt Rosemary. Their mother Jackie was from the Neptune in Virgo generation and had Mars in Virgo.
Edward’s first wife Joan was also from the Neptune in Virgo generation, with the Sun and Venus in Virgo and Virgo rising. They had three children all born in the Pluto in Virgo generation. Their two sons also had Venus in early degrees of Virgo.
Edward’s other brother Robert had no planets in Virgo. His wife Ethel only had the Vertex in Virgo. Of their eleven children, four were female and seven were male. The fourth-born died from a drug overdose at 29 and the sixth-born died in a skiing accident at 39. Their first-born child had both Saturn and the South Node in Virgo. Two of the other children had the Sun in Virgo while two others had the Moon in Virgo. Half the siblings were born in the Pluto in Virgo generation and three were born during the period of Uranus-Pluto in Virgo. Four of the eleven children had three or more planets in Virgo.
While this is only a selection of the family, it is apparent that Virgo is prominent in many of the family’s horoscopes, bringing the Virgoan themes into the family atmosphere. This also suggests that when there is a major transit of an outer planet through the sign of Virgo or the other mutable signs, many of the members of the family are affected by the transit. The first-generation parents, Rose and Joseph, shared the placement of Venus in Virgo which frequently appeared in the second and third generations of the family.
The erotic theme weaved its way through the men of the family; Joseph Snr was known for his Hollywood affairs, the most notorious being with the actress Gloria Swanson. His son John (later known as JFK) also had a similar reputation: his liaison with actress Marilyn Monroe was well publicized. It was also rumoured that Joseph’s son Edward was having an affair with his campaign aide who drowned in the car he was driving after it careered off a bridge. The theme also plagued the next generation. William Kennedy Smith, the son of Jean, the last-born daughter, was acquitted of rape charges in 1991. He has the Sun, Mercury, Pluto and the North Node in Virgo. Also from the Pluto in Virgo generation was Michael Kennedy, the son of Robert and Ethel, who was accused in 1997 of having an affair with his family’s teenage babysitter.
The Virgoan theme of health, well-being and order also wove its way through the family’s mental health, addictions and depression. Sign placements are commonly repeated in families through the angles, the Sun, Moon and lunar nodes of family members. The Kennedy family serves as a modern illustration of the classical idea of the family curse that was so well brought to light in ancient Greek myth and tragedy.19
Repetition of Stand-out Degrees of the Zodiac
Certain degrees of the zodiac are often emphasized in families. For instance, there may be one degree of a sign that is significant for family members; if this is the case then degree symbolism as represented by fixed stars, the Sabian Symbols or other astrological degree techniques enhances the meaning and imagery of this degree for the family. For example, if 8˚ Sagittarius continually stands out across different family members’ charts, looking up any fixed stars at that degree or the Sabian Symbol for that degree can open doorways to reflective contemplation of family stories.
Sometimes one degree of the zodiac may be stressed in a family, astrologically uniting the members of the family through close aspects. Let’s imagine 12˚ Capricorn is in one family member’s chart and 12˚ Cancer in another’s. Or there may be a range of degrees in a sign, element or mode – for example, 21˚ to 24˚ of Water signs.
When degrees of the zodiac repeat in the family, transits to these placements will be simultaneous, which not only enmeshes some family members through natal aspects but also through transits. Hence not only individual members are affected by transits but the whole family system. It is wise to be aware that transits to an individual’s chart often affect the system of the family due to the close astrological links in the horoscopes of family members.
It is interesting to note which family members’ horoscopes do not repeat the degree patterns that appear in the charts of other relatives. While we cannot make any general assumptions because of this, it does support the theory of sub-systems within the family due to alignments and collusions amongst certain members, or perhaps personality and character differences.
The British Royal Family serves as an example. There are some interesting repetitive degrees in the family system of George VI, The Queen Mother and their daughters Elizabeth and Margaret. Just looking at the Sun and Moon in the charts of the four family members, the Leo-Scorpio mix is strong, highlighting the tension between being thrust upon the stage and the urge for privacy.
In the next generation the theme continues because Prince Charles, Elizabeth’s eldest child, has the Sun at and the Moon at , exactly conjunct his mother’s Sun. Charles’s elder son, William, has Jupiter at opposite his father’s Moon, but was born with both the Sun and Moon in early Cancer, picking up the Cancerian thread of his great-grandmother’s Venus in Cancer, his great-aunt’s Moon in Cancer and his mother Diana’s Sun and Mercury in Cancer.
There are many ways to explore the out-of-the-ordinary repetitive degrees in this family. Notably in these charts there is a strong emphasis on the fixed signs, but the areas of the zodiac between 22-25˚ of these signs are highly apparent.20 What is more, those who marry into the family seem to carry these placements as well. Diana’s T-square at these degrees might be seen as a trigger for this familial energy.
This suggests that the whole family will be sensitive to transits of the major planets through this sector of the zodiac. It implies that at those times there will be influences that affect the whole family system, not just the individuals concerned. For instance transited 22-25 from 1991-4; transited 22-25 from 2001-2; and transited 22-25 from 2007-10 along with in 2009-10. As the slower-moving planets pass through this sector of the zodiac, individuals within the Royal Family system are affected and this in turn provides opportunities for the entire system of the Royal Family to be reinvigorated and transformed.
From Family Curse to Family Blessing
Powerful high-profile families are scrutinized and studied so intensively by the public that they almost take on an archetypal role, as if they were modern-day gods and goddesses, heroes and heroines. Therefore the astrological patterns are often more vivid. Yet the lives of ordinary people are just as open to the intense workings of archetypal mythic patterns.
As previously discussed, this truth is constantly exposed by the great playwrights of the 5th century BCE in their dramas about the dynasties of ancient Greece.21 The plot of being caught up in parental and ancestral fate is a common theme and described in many of the plays. When Antigone is entombed alive by Creon at the end of a long and tragic family saga, the chorus of Sophocles’ play asks: I wonder … do you pay for your father’s terrible ordeal?22
However it was not only Antigone who had been caught in the complex of her father’s ‘terrible ordeal’. Oedipus, her father, had been abandoned by his own father Laius and left to die on the mountainside. Liz Greene expresses the Greek dynastic dramas in this way: ‘The image of the family curse, so beloved in Greek myth, is a vivid portrayal of what passes unseen down the family line, and embodies the experience of family fate.’23 What the Greeks so intensely revealed in their mythic narratives of the family curse is the psychic reality of unprocessed trauma and transgression that continues to haunt successive generations.
Carl Jung expressed the fate of the ancestral lineage:
I feel very strongly that I am under the influence of things or questions which were left incomplete and unanswered by my parents and grandparents and more distant ancestors. It often seems as if there is an impersonal karma within a family, which is passed on from parents to children. It has always seemed to me that I had to answer questions which fate had posed to my forefathers, and which had not yet been answered, or as if I had to complete, or perhaps continue, things which previous ages had left unfinished.24
Astrologically, the fate carried through the parental and ancestral legacies is often revealed in the houses of endings, strong aspects to the Sun and Moon or dynamic aspects between the outer and inner planets. Another way family fate may be carried through is within the sibling system. The inheritance of the ancestors might be shared among the siblings. Or sometimes, for siblings near the end of the familial line, fate seems to decree that their lives are in part to atone for those of their ancestors. We might astrologically consider the houses of relationship, strong aspects between the outer planets and Mercury, Venus or Mars, and interchanges between the houses of endings and the 3rd house or the zodiac sign Gemini to bring this theme to light. These astrological motifs are explored in depth in the succeeding chapters.
As astrologers we observe the world we inhabit and its hues in the horoscope so that we might better understand our birthright and work more intentionally with it. No matter what fate has decreed, we now live in times when the family curse might be transformed into the family blessing. When we bring consciousness to bear on our mythic stories, the family wheel turns in new directions.
PART I
BEHIND THE FRONT DOOR
A Look Inside the Houses of Family
The family. We were a strange little band of characters trudging through life sharing diseases and toothpaste, coveting one another’s desserts, hiding shampoo, borrowing money, locking each other out of our rooms, inflicting pain and kissing to heal it in the same instant, loving, laughing, defending, and trying to figure out the common thread that bound us all together.25
Erma Bombeck
– CHAPTER 3 –
WATER AND AIR, TOGETHER APART
The Elements of Bonding
Salvador Minuchin, one of family therapy’s seminal voices, describes the family as a laboratory in which the two fibres of humanness, the sense of belonging and separateness, are woven together:
In all cultures, the family imprints its members with selfhood. Human experience of identity has two elements: a sense of belonging and a sense of being separate. The laboratory in which these ingredients are mixed and dispensed is the family, the matrix of identity.26
These facets of the human experience are symbolized by the astrological elements of Water and Air, which are the foundation for the houses with which these elements are associated. Houses in the horoscope demarcate life’s environments and are divided into elemental trinities in the same way as the twelve zodiac signs. The Water houses are where the familial legacy is located, while the patterns of relationship are located in the Air houses.
Traditionally the 4th house, the first of the Water trinity, has since ancient times been referred to as the house of the parents, while the 3rd house, the first of the Air trinity, has been the place of brothers and sisters. Of the twelve houses, it is these six that most articulate and evoke the astrology of family.
The linear order of the elements places Air before Water. Air represents the principle of both separation and relationship. For Air, separateness is essential for relationship. The intention of Air is to separate from the object to become conscious of it. Awareness develops through standing apart. After Air has gained distance to observe, it is more inclined to move towards the object and forge a connection. In this way, Air develops and supports consciousness, allowing a relationship to develop with the ‘object’, the ‘other’.
Air is known as the element of relationship because it cultivates the ability to relate consciously to another individual. However, the polar or unconscious tendency of Air is to remain disconnected or disengaged. Elements, because they are archetypal energies, have both bright and dark faces, which can be underdeveloped or overcompensated for in our lives.
Water, the element of merging and union, follows Air’s otherness. Its function is to dissolve separateness to permit union. Vulnerability with another facilitates bonding and allows attachment to take place. Water is the element connected to emotional security, care and bonding. When union and merger develop, Water evokes love, momentarily obliterating incompatible differences.
Air and Water are positioned side-by-side in the elemental sequence – Fire, Earth, Air, Water – perhaps suggesting a constant shifting between feelings of separateness and belonging in our human experience. Water is the last element before the cycle begins again in Fire. A spark of imagination or vision – Fire – emerges out of Water and the cycle of life and energy recommences.
Water is a fundamental principle often bound up with the Divine as the source and renewal of life. It confers immortality or rebirth; rites of passage such as birth, death, marriage and other transitions are often symbolized by the crossing of water. Thales of Miletus, often named ‘the first philosopher’, commented that the world is made of one element and that element is Water.
In a sense, Water is able to permeate everything and to flood, flow and change its direction when needed. As such, it has become connected with feelings, emotions and deeply moving soulful experiences. The Water element encompasses this feeling life, not only in a single individual, but also in others who share a familial bond. Ancestral patterns are carried by the element of Water which meanders like a river through family channels. With this in mind, the discussion of the depths of family through the astrological elements and houses begins with Water.
The Element of Water: The Intensity of Belonging
The Water element expresses itself through the signs Cancer, Scorpio and Pisces and each contains a depth of feeling and emotion. Cancer is akin to the 4th house, bringing its instinct for care and concern, protection and mothering to this environ. Its natural ruler is the Moon, which governs the oceans’ tides as well as the moods of family life. Scorpio is associated with the 8th house and brings its intensity and intimacy into the family circle, while Pisces is linked to the 12th house where its boundless, intuitive and sensitive nature is in contact with the spirits of the ancestors. The modern rulers of the latter two signs are Pluto and Neptune respectively, which bring generational influences, attitudes and intentions to bear upon the family ambience.
Crustaceans are the emblems of the Water signs. Hard shells, crusts and scales – symbolizing the protective persona of the Watery element – cover the crab, the scorpion and the fishes. Not only acting as armour, these crystallized coverings also represent the age of these signs: primitive in nature and closest to the substance of the self. Hence feelings are often perceived as archaic, primitive and bothersome, yet ironically they connect us to the riches of the past and the wisdom of human experience. Associated with the feeling life, in a manner of thinking the Water element is closest to the depths of the soul.
Water is a storehouse of feeling, memory and images which reach deep into collective memories filled with familial, ancestral, social and collective patterns. Therefore the element of Water is easily influenced, possessed or entranced by the mnemonic power of these images. Mythic Water is associated with knowledge, wisdom and prophecy.
In human relationships this urge to dive into the mysterious waters of the unconscious can feel hypnotic and all-embracing, yet can also lead to symbiosis and enmeshment. When Water is entangled in familial issues it may be difficult to separate or forge alliances outside the family’s control.
Water’s ability to feel the other’s feelings (or at least what we feel is the other’s feelings), to serve the other’s needs and to care for others’ insecurities is admirable. However, in relationship this may be experienced by others as smothering or invasive and the Air element might rise to the fore to create distance. For the Watery person, this might be perceived as abandonment or emotional inequality. Although enormously painful, this is ultimately necessary in learning the difficult task of separateness.
Water often confuses the boundaries between self and other, and when it is important to separate the person may be unable to leave; when it is important to be there, the person may be unavailable. The family experience is the training ground in learning discrimination and boundary-setting in relationship. In the family circle we learn how to bond and separate.
Water is attracted by the sensitivity and creativity in others, drawn to their compassionate and caring qualities. Emotional manipulation, chaos, secrecy and moodiness are the shadows that lurk in Water that has been dammed up. But when Water flows freely, then warmth, emotional generosity and support are returned. When the flow of Water has been blocked in the family background, emotional floods are likely to pour through the descendants.
Graciously, Water is also connected with catharsis since it purifies, cleanses and washes away impurities. Fluidity, formlessness, beauty, power and even terror are all aspects of archetypal Water.
Mythic Waters
Thales of Miletus, often described as the first philosopher, commented that the world is made of one element and that element is water. Water is a fundamental principle and a core requirement for human life; put simply, we need it to survive. It represents mother’s life-giving nourishment and the familial environs that keep the child safe; it is the element of attachment and emotional bonding.
Wherever water appears in myth it represents a multi-faceted symbol tending to be bound up with the Divine. Water is synonymous with the Divine, as both the source of life and the renewal of life. It is the realm of nature spirits and the gods and goddesses who represent the oceans, seas, lakes, rivers and ponds. Water plays a consistently important role in cosmogony; Pontus, Oceanus, the Nereids, the Oceanids and later Poseidon were all part of the vast watery dominion. Water is present in birth and death and mythic images of crossing over water often accompany the journey into life or death. Broken waters herald the child’s emergence and entrance into family life after a long and arduous migration.
Water evokes images of power and beauty as well as powerlessness and dread, pandemonium and formlessness. Its fluidity and elusiveness suggest the absence of form, and the unsustainability and chaos from which the world will emerge. Various myths demonstrate the life-giving energies of the primordial waters, fecundity and the fertile birth.
