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- Herausgeber: John Wiley & Sons
- Kategorie: Wissenschaft und neue Technologien
- Serie: Forensic Science in Focus
- Sprache: Englisch
The Global Practice of Forensic Science presents histories, issues, patterns, and diversity in the applications of international forensic science. Written by 64 experienced and internationally recognized forensic scientists, the volume documents the practice of forensic science in 28 countries from Africa, the Americas, Asia, Australia and Europe. Each country’s chapter explores factors of political history, academic linkages, the influence of individual cases, facility development, types of cases examined, integration within forensic science, recruitment, training, funding, certification, accreditation, quality control, technology, disaster preparedness, legal issues, research and future directions. Aimed at all scholars interested in international forensic science, the volume provides detail on the diverse fields within forensic science and their applications around the world.
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Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2014
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The Global Practice of Forensic Science
EDITED BY
Douglas H. Ubelaker
Former President, American Academy of Forensic Sciences Senior Scientist, Smithsonian Institution Department of Anthropology, National Museum of Natural History Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.
FOREWORD BY DANIEL A. MARTELL
This edition first published 2015 © 2015 by John Wiley & Sons Ltd
Registered office: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, UK
Editorial offices: 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, OX4 2DQ, UK The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, UK 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030-5774, USA
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All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, except as permitted by the UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, without the prior permission of the publisher.
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
The global practice of forensic science / Douglas H. Ubelaker, editor. pages cm. – (Forensic science in focus) Includes index. ISBN 978-1-118-72416-3 (hardback) 1. Forensic sciences. I. Ubelaker, Douglas H. HV8073.G568 2015 363.25–dc23
2014035953
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
ISBN: 9781118724163
Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears in print may not be available in electronic books.
Disclaimer: The opinions expressed in this volume are those of the identified authors and do not necessarily reflect the policy or position of the American Academy of Forensic Sciences.
CONTENTS
About the editor
List of contributors
Foreword
Series preface
Forensic Science in Focus
Chapter 1: Introduction
1.1 Chapter organization and information
Chapter 2: The practice of forensic sciences in Argentina
2.1 Introduction: the Argentine nation
2.2 The Judiciary: administration of justice
2.3 Law enforcement agencies: auxiliary bodies in support of the Judiciary
2.4 A brief history of legal medicine in Argentina
2.5 The Forensic Medical Corps
2.6 Interaction with the police and the security forces
2.7 Types of cases
2.8 Training
2.9 Financial support to the development of forensic sciences
2.10 Certification/accreditation of professionals and abs – quality controls
2.11 Getting ready for mass disasters
2.12 The political context
2.13 The future
References
Chapter 3: Australia
3.1 Introduction
3.2 History
3.3 Establishment of Forensic Service Provision in each Jurisdiction
3.4 Types of cases
3.5 Structure
3.6 Integration of forensic science
3.7 Recruitment
3.8 Training
3.9 Funding
3.10 Political influences
3.11 Certification
3.12 Laboratory accreditation/quality control
3.13 Technology
3.14 Disaster preparedness
3.15 Legal issues
3.16 Research
3.17 Future directions:
Acknowledgements
References
Chapter 4: Forensic sciences in Canada
4.1 History of forensic science in Canada
4.2 Structure and funding of Canadian forensic science
4.3 Recruitment, training and certification
4.4 Forensic education in Canada
4.5 Laboratory accreditation
4.6 Death investigation systems in Canada
4.7 Forensic pathology
4.8 Forensic anthropology
4.9 Forensic odontology
4.10 Forensic entomology
4.11 Forensic psychiatry
4.12 Forensic psychology and behavioral science
4.13 Forensic toxicology
4.14 Questioned documents
4.15 Criminalistics
4.16 Forensic biology
4.17 Forensic chemistry
4.18 Firearms and toolmark analysis
4.19 Crime scene investigation
4.20 Drug chemistry
4.21 Engineering sciences
4.22 Digital and multimedia sciences
4.23 Boards of inquiry
Further reading
Chapter 5: The Chilean Forensic Medical Service
5.1 Introduction
5.2 History
5.3 The modernization of the SML
5.4 SML technical areas
5.5 Gaps and challenges
References
Chapter 6: Forensic science in Colombia
6.1 History
6.2 Types of cases
6.3 Structure
6.4 Forensic pathology
6.5 Forensic anthropology
6.6 Forensic clinical medicine
6.7 Forensic odontology
6.8 Forensic psychiatry
6.9 DNA laboratory
6.10 Forensic biology
6.11 Forensic toxicology
6.12 Grafology and questioned documents
6.13 Integration
6.14 Recruitment
6.15 Training
6.16 Funding
6.17 Political influence
6.18 Certification
6.19 Laboratory accreditation and quality control
6.20 Technology
6.21 Disaster preparedness
6.22 Legal issues
6.23 Research
6.24 Future directions
Acknowledgments
Note
References
Chapter 7: Forensic science in Denmark
7.1 The beginnings
7.2 Forensic technical science
7.3 The Danish judicial system, the police and forensic science
7.4 Forensic medicine
7.5 Forensic pathology
7.6 Clinical forensic medicine
7.7 Forensic genetics
7.8 Forensic toxicology
7.9 Forensic odontology
7.10 Forensic anthropology
7.11 Disaster Victim Identification (DVI) team
7.12 National forensic societies
References
Notes
Chapter 8: The practice of forensic science in Egypt: a story of pioneering
8.1 Departments of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology and Egyptian universities – Ministry of High Education
8.2 The Egyptian Medicolegal Authority – Ministry of Justice
8.3 General administration for criminal evidence investigations – the Ministry of the Interior
8.4 Funding policy
8.5 Political influences
8.6 Future steps for development of the forensic science sector
Acknowledgements
References
Chapter 9: The practice of forensic science in Estonia
9.1 Introduction
9.2 History
9.3 Types of cases
9.4 Structure
9.5 Estonian Forensic Science Institute Departments
9.6 National Fingerprint Database and National DNA Database
9.7 NAC and CNAC service to the Estonian Central Bank
9.8 Laboratory accreditation/quality control
9.9 Competence assurance
9.10 Funding
9.11 Research
9.12 Future trends
Chapter 10: History and current status of forensic science and medicine in Finland
10.1 Forensic science
10.2 Forensic medicine
References
Chapter 11: Forensic medicine in France
11.1 The history of forensic medicine
11.2 Scientific and research bodies
11.3 Teaching
11.4 Forensic organization in criminalistics in France
11.5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 12: Forensic medicine in Germany
Chapter 13: Forensic science in Hong Kong
13.1 Background
13.2 Early history
13.3 Early changes and challenges
13.4 Court attendance
13.5 Attendance at scenes
13.6 “New” dangerous drugs legislation and consequences
13.7 Training of forensic scientists
13.8 Training in fire investigation
13.9 Training in blood grouping and blood typing
13.10 Training in blood spatter interpretation
13.11 Introduction of DNA in Hong Kong
13.12 Hong Kong DNA database
13.13 The Vietnam War and its impact on Hong Kong forensic caseload
13.14 Interaction between forensic scientists and HK Government Departments
13.15 Forensic subfields undertaken by the (Royal) Hong Kong Police
13.16 Political aspect of DNA typing by scientists of the HKGL
13.17 Recruitment of forensic scientists in the HKGL
13.18 Non-Government or privately employed forensic scientists in Hong Kong
13.19 Forensic pathology
13.20 Forensic odontology
13.21 Forensic anthropology
13.22 Academic forensic expertise
Abbreviations
References
Chapter 14: The practice of forensic science in Hungary
14.1 Current and historical accounts of forensic science in Hungary
14.2 Types of cases
14.3 Structure
14.4 Integration of forensic science
14.5 Training
14.6 Funding
14.7 Political influences
14.8 Certification
14.9 Laboratory accreditation
14.10 Technology
14.11 Disaster preparedness
14.12 Legal issues
14.13 Research
14.14 Future direction
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 15: Forensic science in India
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Biology division
15.3 Serology division
15.4 Physics division
15.5 Ballistics and explosives division
15.6 Documents division
15.7 DNA unit/division
15.8 Chemistry division
15.9 Toxicology division
15.10 Fingerprint/footprint division
15.11 Forensic psychology/lie detection division
15.12 Photography division
15.13 Computer forensic
15.14 Discussion
References
Chapter 16: Forensic sciences in Italy
16.1 Introduction
16.2 How forensic sciences enter the judicial scenario
16.3 Evaluation of goodness of evidence
16.4 Who are the forensic scientists?
16.5 Conclusions
References
Websites
Legislation
Chapter 17: History and current status of forensic science in Japan
17.1 History
17.2 Practice
17.3 Organization and institutions
17.4 Integration of forensic evidence
17.5 Professional recruitment
17.6 Professional training
17.7 Funding
17.8 Political influences
17.9 Certification
17.10 Laboratory accreditation/ quality control
17.11 Technology
17.12 Disaster preparedness
17.13 Legal issues
17.14 Research
17.15 Past and current issues
17.16 Future directions
References
Chapter 18: Forensic science in Korea
18.1 Overview, history of forensic science in Korea
18.2 Judicial system in South Korea
18.3 Forensic science related organizations in South Korea
18.4 Current affairs of forensic science – outcomes and challenges
18.5 Research and development (R&D)
18.6 Education and forensic personnel
18.7 Communication with judicial system and standardization of related works
18.8 Shortage and the future
Chapter 19: Forensic medicine in Libya
19.1 An overview and a historical background
19.2 Forensic medicine in the Arab countries
Chapter 20: The practice of forensic science in Mexico
20.1 Introduction
20.2 The practice of forensic medicine in Mexico
20.3 The practice of criminalistics in Mexico
20.4 Practice of physical anthropology in Mexico
20.5 The practice of forensic dentistry in Mexico
20.6 The practice of criminology in Mexico
References
Chapter 21: The Netherlands
21.1 History
21.2 Types of Cases
21.3 Structure
21.4 Integration of forensic sciences
21.5 Recruitment
21.6 Training
21.7 Funding
21.8 Political Influences
21.9 Quality assurance
21.10 Laboratory accreditation and quality control
21.11 Technology
21.12 Disaster preparedness
21.13 Legal issues
21.14 Research
21.15 Future directions
References
Notes
Chapter 22: History and current status of forensic science in Singapore
22.1 History within the country
22.2 Types of cases
22.3 Structure
22.4 Integration of forensic science
22.5 Recruitment
22.6 Training and certification
22.7 Funding
22.8 Governance
22.9 Political influences
22.10 Laboratory accreditation/ quality control
22.11 Technology
22.12 Disaster preparedness
22.13 Legal issues
22.14 Research
22.15 Future directions
References
Chapter 23: The history and current status of forensic science in South Africa
23.1 History of forensic sciences in South Africa
23.2 Medicine and pathology in South Africa
23.3 Forensic odontology in South Africa
23.4 Forensic anthropology in South Africa
23.5 DNA evidence in South Africa
23.6 Forensic toxicology in South Africa
23.7 Offender profiling in South Africa
23.8 Forensic ballistics in South Africa
References
Chapter 24: Forensic science practice in Spain
24.1 History
24.2 Types of cases
24.3 Structure
24.4 Integration of forensic science
24.5 Education, recruitment and training
24.6 Funding
24.7 Political influences
24.8 Certification
24.9 Laboratory accreditation/quality control
24.10 Technology
24.11 Disaster preparedness
24.12 Legal issues
24.13 Research
24.14 Future directions and challenges
References and further reviews
Chapter 25: Legal medicine and forensic science in Switzerland
25.1 Legal medicine
25.2 Forensic science
References
Note
Chapter 26: Forensic medicine and sciences in Turkey
26.1 History
26.2 Structure
26.3 Training
26.4 Funding
26.5 Political issues
26.6 Quality control
26.7 Research
26.8 Disaster management
26.9 Legal issues
26.10 New developments
References
Chapter 27: Forensic medicine in the United Arab Emirates
27.1 An overview and a historical background
27.2 The General Department of Forensic Science and Criminology
27.3 Discussion
References
Chapter 28: Forensic science practice in the United States
28.1 Introduction
28.2 Scientific progress
28.3 Legal
28.4 Policy and practice
28.5 Standards and methods
28.6 Education, training, and research
28.7 National direction and funding
28.8 Popular and legal culture
28.9 A brief history of forensic services in the United States
28.10 Forensic caseloads
28.11 Structure of major initiatives
28.12 Integration of forensic sciences
28.13 Recruitment
28.14 Education and training
28.15 Funding and political influences
28.16 Certification
28.17 Accreditation/quality control
28.18 Disaster preparedness
28.19 Legal issues
28.20 Research, technology, and development
28.21 Future directions
Acknowledgements
Cases cited
References
Chapter 29: Legal medicine and forensic science in Uruguay
29.1 Introduction
29.2 Legal medicine and forensic sciences historical review
29.3 Education and training of human resources in forensic science
29.4 Organization of forensic sciences
29.5 Future directions: reflections on the challenges of the forensic sciences in Uruguay
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 30: Conclusions: global common themes and variations
30.1 History
30.2 Types of cases
30.3 Structure
30.4 Integration of forensic science
30.5 Recruitment/training
30.6 Funding
30.7 Political influences
30.8 Certification, accreditation, and quality control
30.9 Technology
30.10 Disaster preparedness
30.11 Legal issues
30.12 Research
30.13 Future directions
Index
End User License Agreement
List of Tables
Chapter 2
Table 2.1
Table 2.2
Chapter 3
Table 3.1
Table 3.2
Chapter 6
Table 6.1
Table 6.2
Chapter 10
Table 10.1
Chapter 11
Table 11.1
Chapter 14
Table 14.1
Chapter 15
Table 15.1
Chapter 23
Table 23.1
Table 23.2
Chapter 29
Table 29.1
Table 29.2
Table 29.3
Table 29.4
List of Illustrations
Chapter 3
Figure 3.1 States, Territories and capital cities in Australia.
Chapter 5
Figure 5.1 Construction of the Medical Legal Institute, the area that housed the autopsy room, 1922.
Figure 5.2 CODIS Laboratory (2012), genetic database of convicted defendants, evidence and missing persons and family, a pioneer in Latin America.
Chapter 8
Figure 8.1 Forensic science practice in Egypt.
Figure 8.2 Departments and administrative units.
Figure 8.3 The general administration for criminal evidence investigations.
Chapter 9
Figure 9.1 Map of Estonia.
Source:
Estonian Forensic Science Institute archives.
Figure 9.2 Cabinet of Forensic Science, 1921.
Source:
Estonian Forensic Science Institute archives.
Figure 9.3 EFSI Headquarters Tervise 30 TALLINN.
Source:
Estonian Forensic Science Institute archives.
Figure 9.4 Forensic examinations in 2008–2012.
Source:
Estonian Forensic Science Institute archives.
Figure 9.5 Structure of Estonian Forensic Science Institute.
Source:
Estonian Forensic Science Institute archives.
Figure 9.6 Scanning electron microscope.
Source:
Estonian Forensic Science Institute archives.
Figure 9.7 Voice analyses.
Source:
Estonian Forensic Science Institute archives.
Figure 9.8 Liquid chromatographmass spectrometer Agilent 6410.
Source:
Estonian Forensic Science Institute archives.
Figure 9.9 CT scanner (Siemens Somatom Emotion 6).
Source:
Estonian Forensic Science Institute archives.
Figure 9.10 PC-CRASH software.
Source:
Estonian Forensic Science Institute archives.
Figure 9.11 Identification of 10 print cards.
Source:
Estonian Forensic Science Institute archives.
Figure 9.12 Automated Ballistic Identification System.
Source:
Estonian Forensic Science Institute archives.
Chapter 10
Figure 10.1 Harald Rosenberg was the first photographer of the police. He studied crime scene photography in Sweden and Russia. He was a recognized professional despite the rather simple tools he had in his use.
Source:
Reproduced with permission of the National Bureau of Investigation, Finland.
Figure 10.2 The main instrument in the figure is a microphotograph, which was purchased in 1929. During the same time period also various microscopes were obtained.
Source:
Reproduced with permission of the National Bureau of Investigation, Finland.
Figure 10.3 Due to the outburst of the Winter War in 1939 the Crime Investigation Centre was transferred to Ostrobothnia where it functioned in a school building in the village of Koivulahti.
Source:
Reproduced with permission of the National Bureau of Investigation, Finland.
Figure 10.4 The second crime scene investigation vehicle of the Finnish police. All the equipment was normally packed in the car. The picture has been taken in Helsinki in 1964.
Source:
Reproduced with permission of the National Bureau of Investigation, Finland.
Figure 10.5 Practically all modern forensic technology is nowadays widely exploited by the Forensic Laboratory. Various different light sources are commonly used in fingerprint development.
Source:
Reproduced with permission of the National Bureau of Investigation, Finland.
Chapter 11
Figure 11.1 The framework of the different departments of forensic activities.
Source:
http://eclm.org/docs/France/Forensic_Medicine_in_France.pdf
Chapter 13
Figure 13.1 Sheilah Hamilton, Ronald Belcher, Ron Edgeley and Albert “Ab” Nutten
Figure 13.2
SKYLUCK
.
Figure 13.3
SKYLUCK
.
Figure 13.4
HUEY FONG
.
Figure 13.5
HUEY FONG
.
Chapter 15
Figure 15.1 Map of India showing the various states.
Source:
Aotearoa at pl.wikipedia [GFDL (http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html) or CC-BY-SA-3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/)], via Wikimedia Commons from Wikimedia Commons.
Figure 15.2 The organizational structure of forensic science laboratories.
Chapter 17
Figure 17.1 Localization and distribution of 79 university institutes of forensic/legal medicine (▪) and 3 medical examiner's offices (★), as well as the National Research Institutes of Police Science (•) and 47 prefectural police institutes of forensic science (○) in Japan.
*
The Tokyo metropolitan area and
**
Osaka Prefecture have 13 and 5 university institutes of forensic/legal medicine, respectively. Cities of more than one million people are indicated.
Chapter 18
Figure 18.1 The number of examination cases in the NFS during recent five years.
Chapter 25
Figure 25.1 Felix Platter (1536–1614).
Figure 25.2 Rodolphe Archibald Reiss (1875–1929) as a young professor (center with the bow tie) teaching toolmark identification in 1913. From left to right: Mr Costescu (Romania), Mr Burnier (collaborator), Reiss, Grigoriu (Romania), Vamesch (Romania) and Bischoff (student, future professor of forensic science).
Chapter 26
Figure 26.1 The forensic medicine law original handwriting in the year 1913.
Source:
From Haluk Ince, ‘Forensic medicine and sciences in Turkey’, in “Health in Istanbul from Past to Present Congress”, 3–6 of November 2010, published as “Council of Forensic Medicine in The Light of Historical Documents’ (Belgeler ile Adli Tip Kurumu).
Figure 26.2 Professor Dr. Semsi Gok, the founder and the first president of the Turkish Forensic Medicine Council: medical doctor and forensic pathologist.
Source:
From Haluk Ince, ‘Forensic medicine and sciences in Turkey’, in “Health in Istanbul from Past to Present Congress”, 3–6 of November 2010, published as ‘Council of Forensic Medicine in The Light of Historical Documents’ (Belgeler ile Adli Tip Kurumu).
Chapter 27
Figure 27.1 The staff entrance of the Department of Forensic Medicine, Dubai Police.
Figure 27.2 Public entrance of the Department.
Figure 27.3 The Director, Professor Fawzi Benomran.
Figure 27.4 The new extension of the Department with a ramp for a body hearse.
Figure 27.5 The prevailing trend of total cases examined annually in the Department of Forensic Medicine.
Figure 27.6 The different types of cases examined annually in the Department.
Figure 27.7 All deaths classified by their different manners.
Figure 27.8 A breakdown of homicides by causes of deaths (methods of homicide).
Figure 27.9 A breakdown of suicides by causes of deaths (methods of suicide).
Chapter 29
Figure 29.1 Ballistics Unit of Police Scientists (DNPT) is responsible for examining the firearms, as well as ammunitions, projectiles and cartridges (Courtesy of Ballistics Unit of DNPT).
Figure 29.2 Since 2011, and thanks to an agreement with the National Institute of Donation and Transplant and the Legal Medicine Department, the Genetic Forensic Unit was created.
Source:
Courtesy of National Institute of Donation and Transplant (INDT). Creative Commons – By Non-commercial Share Alike.
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About the editor
Douglas H. Ubelaker, PhD, is a curator and senior scientist at the Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of Natural History in Washington, DC, where he has been employed for nearly four decades. Since 1978, he has served as a consultant in forensic anthropology. In this capacity he has served as an expert witness, reporting on more than 900 cases, and has testified in numerous legal proceedings.
He is a Professorial Lecturer with the Departments of Anatomy and Anthropology at The George Washington University, Washington, DC, and is an Adjunct Professor with the Department of Anthropology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan.
Dr. Ubelaker has published extensively in the general field of human skeletal biology with an emphasis on forensic applications. He has served on the editorial boards of numerous leading scientific publications, including the Journal of Forensic Sciences, The Open Forensic Science Journal, International Journal of Legal Medicine, Human Evolution, Homo, Journal of Comparative Human Biology, Anthropologie, International Journal of the Science of Man, Forensic Science Communications, Human Evolution, International Journal of Anthropology and Global Bioethics.
Dr. Ubelaker received a Bachelor of Arts Degree and a Doctor of Philosophy from the University of Kansas. He has been a Member of the American Academy of Forensic Sciences since 1974 and achieved the status of Fellow in 1987 in the Physical Anthropology Section. He served as the 2011–2012 President of the AAFS. He is a Fellow of the Washington Academy of Sciences and is a Diplomate of the American Board of Forensic Anthropology. He is a member of the American Association of Physical Anthropology and the Paleopathology Association.
Dr. Ubelaker has received numerous honors including the Memorial Medal of Dr. Aleš Hrdlička, Humpolec, Czech Republic; the Anthropology Award of the Washington Academy of Sciences; the T. Dale Stewart Award by the Physical Anthropology Section of the American Academy of Forensic Sciences; the FBI Director's Award for Exceptional Public Service; the Federal Highway Administration Pennsylvania Division Historic Preservation Excellence Award; a special recognition award from the FBI; and was elected Miembro Honorario of the Sociedad de Odontoestomatólogos Forenses Ibero Americanos.
List of contributors
Hugo Rodríguez Almada MD is the Director of the Legal Medicine Department (School of Medicine in the University of the Republic, in Montevideo city, Uruguay). He has worked since 1993 in Legal Medicine as a forensic doctor, professor and researcher. He is currently employed by the public University of Uruguay and is head of the Department of Legal Medicine, where Uruguayan experts in forensic medicine are educated and trained. Dr Rodríguez Almada has also been a visiting professor of other Latin American universities and has been Adjunct Director of the virtual Master in Forensic Medicine of the University of Valencia, Spain, since 2002. He has published several scientific papers and books on various topics of forensic sciences, especially in the field he calls “Legal Medicine of women and children”. Much of his research is focused on sudden unexpected infant death. He has also served broadly as an editor or scientific adviser of several local and international journals and has been a member of their editorial boards or a peer reviewer. He is currently the editor in chief of the Uruguayan Medical Journal (RMU), the most widely spread biomedical journal in his country. Although he is not presently employed in the judicial system he is continually participating actively in several complex forensic investigations when requested by prosecutors or judges. Many of these cases are related to violations of human rights in the recent past committed during the civic–military dictatorship (1973–1985), some serial murders and several cases of medical malpractice. He is an honorary adviser of the National Institution of Human Rights and Uruguayan Ombudsman. He has been a representative of Uruguay in the Iberoamerican Network of Legal Medicine and Forensic Science Institutions since its beginnings in 2007. He has held several positions in national and international medical institutions. In 2000 he founded the Iberoamerican Society of Medical Law (SIDEME). In 2003, he was elected President of the Latin American and Caribbean Medical Confederation (CONFEMEL). More recently, he was elected by his colleagues as a member of the first Ethics Tribunal of the Medical Association of Uruguay (CMU), created by law in 2009.
Mario Alva-Rodríguez obtained his MD from the Military Medical School of Mexico and was a Postgraduate in Human Morphology at the Anatomical Institute in Münster, Westphalia, Germany. He has been Chief of the Department of Anatomy at the Military Medical School, Chief of the Department of Anatomy at the School of Medicine of the Anahuac University, General Subdirector of the Medical Services of Mexico City, Director of the El Rosario General Hospital in Mexico City, Subdirector of the Medical Military School, Chief of the Criminalistics Laboratory of the Attorney General Office in Mexico City, Subdirector of the Postgraduate Military Medical School, Founder and Chief of the Mastership in Forensic Medicine at the Postgraduate Military Medical School, Director of the School of Medicine at the Anahuac University, Chief of Forensic Medicine at the Attorney General Office of the Mexican Republic, General Director of the Medical Examiner Office of Mexico City, Founder and Chief of the Specialty in Forensic Medicine at the Medical Examiner Office of Mexico City, General Director of the Forensic Sciences Department at the Attorney General Office of the Mexican Republic, Director of Behavior Promotion at the National Institute of Drugs Enforcement, Coordinator of Criminalistics and Forensic Medicine at the National Institute of Penal Sciences, Director of the Educational Department at the National Institute of Penal Sciences, Coordinator of the Academic Committee of Legal Medicine at the Postgraduate Division of the Medicine Faculty of the National Autonomous University of Mexico and a Fellow of the Mexican Society of Criminology, Mexican Academy of Penal Sciences, Mexican Academy of Surgery, Mexican Academy of Bioethics, Mexican Council of Legal and Forensic Medicine, and the American Academy of Forensic Sciences.He participated in many Courses, Congresses and Symposia as org- anizer, teacher, lecturer or adviser for undergraduate and postgraduate personnel of medicine, law, criminalistics and police. He had a number of articles and books published: Basic Forensic Medicine, Atlas of Forensic Medicine and Compendium of Forensic Medicine.
Philip Beh MD graduated from the Faculty of Medicine at the University of Hong Kong in 1981. He has worked in the area of forensic medicine ever since. He is currently a Clinical Associate Professor at the Department of Pathology, the University of Hong Kong. He works with many professional bodies including the ICRC and UNODC. He is an Honorary Advisor to Rain-Lily, Hong Kong's first multidisciplinary rape crisis center. He is also a member of the Editorial Board on several international forensic medical journals. He was Vice-President of the International Association of Forensic Sciences (2002–2005) and President of World Police Medical Officers (2005–2008).
Fawzi Benomran MB ChB, DCH, MSc, MD is the director of Forensic Medicine and Senior Forensic Consultant at the Department of Forensic Medicine in Dubai Police General Headquarters in Dubai, UAE, where he has been employed for the past 16 years. His experience in Forensic Medicine and Forensic Pathology goes back to 1980 when he started his training in the Department of Forensic Medicine in Glasgow University. After he had finished his training in Glasgow, he returned to his home country, Libya, where he worked in Benghazi from 1983 to 1997. In August 1997 he joined the Dubai Police and started to develop the department in a progressive manner. He also has extensive teaching experience though teaching medical students as well as lawyers and policemen from 1983 till now. During his time in Libya, and in addition to his job with the Justice Department, he held the post of Head of the Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology and an Associate Professor of Forensic Medicine. In Dubai, he teaches at the Dubai Medical College where he is currently a full Professor of Forensic Medicine and also teaches at the Dubai Police Academy. He is an adjunct Professor with the Faculty of Medicine and the Faculty of Dentistry in Sharja and Ajman Universities, and a Visiting Professor and external examiner in several medical schools in Libya. Dr Benomran has written four books in the Arabic language, one about forensic medicine, two about medical ethics and responsibility and the fourth was a general knowledge book, a translation of its title from Arabic being Book of the Dead. He has had 22 scientific articles published in peer reviewed journals in forensic medicine and science. He has also written extensively for Arabic journals on general knowledge and literature, which, put together, exceed 300 articles. In addition, his work has been published extensively on many Arabic websites. Dr Benomran received his Bachelors degree in Medicine (MB ChB) from the University of Benghazi, his DCH degree from the University College of Dublin (Ireland), his MSc (Forensic Medicine) from the University of Glasgow and his doctorate degree (MD) in Forensic Medicine from the University of Colombo. He is also a member of several local and international professional societies and organizations.
Herman Bernitz is a private dental practitioner and Senior Stomatologist in the Department of Oral Pathology and Oral Biology in the School of Dentistry, University of Pretoria, South Africa. Professor Bernitz completed his BChD in 1978, his MSc (Odont) cum laude in Oral Pathology in 1996, a Dip Odont cum laude in Forensic Odontology in 1998 and a PhD in Forensic Dentistry in 2004. He lectures in both Oral Pathology and Forensic Dentistry and is the manager of Forensic Dental Research. He was the International President of IOFOS (International Organisation for Forensic Odonto-Stomatology) from 2005 to 2011. He is presently the Vice-President of IOFOS. He is a member of the scientific committee of the International Academy of Legal Medicine. He was the Chairman of the “bite mark” working group in Lillihamer, Norway, where international standards were set for bite mark analysis. Since 1998 he has acted as forensic consultant during which time he has been involved in all aspects of Forensic Dentistry, which have included the Air Kenya disaster in Douala, Cameroon, Sundance mining air disaster in Brazzaville, Congo, and the ammunition explosion in Maputo, Mozambique. He has acted as an expert witness in both the Pretoria and Johannesburg Supreme Courts as well as circuit courts around South Africa in bite mark, identification and age estimation cases. He has lectured extensively on four continents on forensic odontology related subjects. He is a member of the Editorial Board of the Journal of Forensic Odonto-Stomatology and online Forensic Journal.
Luis Bosio MD of the Forensic Medical Corps, Buenos Aires, Argentina, is a forensic doctor, who spent 20 years as a forensic doctor at the Cuerpo Medico Forense (CMF) de la Corte Suprema de Justicia de la Nación, Argentina. He was head of the CMF (2008–2010) and is now retired and is an independent consultant. He teaches at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Buenos Aires.
Angel Carracedo is a Professor at the University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain, Director of the Inst- itute of Forensic Science (USC), Director of the Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine (SERGAS, Galician Service of Health), Director of the Spanish National Genotyping Center and a Member of the Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER). In a first step of his career his activity was mainly devoted to population and forensic genetics. His group leads scientific production in the SCI area of legal and forensic science worldwide (http://sciencewatch.com/ana/fea/11julaugFea). He was a Director of the Institute of Legal Medicine (USC) from 1995 and from 2002 has also been working in the clinical genetics area, where he has set up the Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine. Most of his recent research is now mainly concentrated in forensic genetics and genetics of complex traits (particularly sudden cardiac death, cancer, psychiatric diseases and pharmacogenomics). He has had 12 books and over 480 papers published in SCI journals, including papers in Nature, Nature Genetics, Science, PNAS, American Journal of Human Genetics, Gene, European Journal of Human Genetics and especially in Forensic Science journals. He is a highly cited researcher in Molecular Biology and Clinical Medicine and a Board member and external adviser of different national and international institutions, foundations and societies on Forensic Science (IALM, ISFG, MAFS), Genetics and Pharmacogenomics. He is a Director of 70 PhDs, all with the highest qualifications and 18 with University or National Awards. He is also a representative of Spain in the European Medicine Agency (Pharmacogenetics Working Group) and different regulatory boards (i.e. IRDiRC, ICRC, CNUFADN), the Editor of Forensic Science International Genetics and a member of the editorial board of a number of the international and national journals on genetics, cancer and forensic science. Prizes and distinctions include the Jaime I Award, Adelaide Medal, Galien Medal, Medal Castelao, Medal of Galicia, Medal to the Police Merit, Galician Prize of Research, Fernandez Latorre Award, Prismas Award and various prizes from foundations and scientific societies. He is a Doctor Honoris Causa for different universities in Europe and the Americas.
Cristina Cattaneo, a forensic pathologist and anthropologist, received a BSc in Biomedical Sciences at McGill University, Canada, an MA in Osteology, Funerary Archaeology and Palaeopathology and a PhD in Pure Sciences at the University of Sheffield, UK, and then moved to Italy where she graduated in Medicine and went on to specialize in Legal Medicine. She is currently Associate Professor of Legal Medicine at the Faculty of Medicine of the Università degli Studi di Milano (Italy), founder and director of LABANOF, Laboratorio di Antropologia e Odontologia Forense at the Institute of Legal Medicine of the Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute and teaches Anthropology at the Faculty of Sciences and Arts at the same University. She is author and co-author of books and scientific articles concerning anthropology and forensic pathology in general, identification, trauma and clinical forensic medicine, as well as a legal expert in forensic pathology, anthropology and clinical forensic medicine for various courts in Italy and occasionally in Europe. She is co-founder and vice-president of FASE (Forensic Anthropology Society of Europe), a subsection of IALM (International Academy of Legal Medicine) and a member of the Swiss DVI (Disaster Victim Identification) team. She is associate editor for the journal Forensic Science International. Since 2007 she has been actively involved with the Italian Ministry of Internal Affairs in the creation of a national database for unidentified human remains and has recently been involved in the development of a forensic humanitarian service for asylum seekers in the city of Milano.
P.K. Chattopadhyay, formerly Professor and Founder Head of the Department of Forensic Science, Punjabi University, Patiala, did his MSc and PhD in Anthropology at the University of Delhi. He started his teaching career as Lecturer in Forensic Science, Delhi University in 1968 before moving to Patiala to set up the first fully fledged Department of Forensic Science in the world. Professor Chattopadhyay has delivered Key Note and Plenary Addresses and Chaired Sessions at several International Congresses in India and abroad, including the International Meeting of Forensic Sciences (he Chaired the Session on Forensic Anthropology at Zurich, Switzerland, in 1975, the only Indian to have been so honoured; he also Chaired the Session on Forensic Education at the International Meeting of Forensic Sciences at Hong Kong in 2005), the World Congress on Medical Law at Gent, Belgium, in 1991, the International Symposium on Advances in Legal Medicine, Osaka, Japan, in 1995, and the International Congress of Anthropological and Ethnological Sciences in 1978 at Delhi. He has had more than 100 original research papers on various aspects of forensic sciences published, including ones on the determination of sex, blood groups and enzyme types from hair, bones, teeth, muscles, stains of blood, semen, saliva, urine, genetics of the dermal ridges and hair keratin, drugs from hair, insecticides in mothers' milk, salivary agglutinins, determination of hand and finger from a single fingerprint, effect of alcohol on hand rriting, determination of sex from hand writing, pattern of suicides, autosomal and Y-STR types from blood stains (DNA profiling), membrane associated transfer protein (MATP), gene and the founder's effect, etc. Several students have worked with him for their PhD Degree (18) and MD in Forensic Medicine (2). Two students are working with him for their PhD now. A Visiting Fellow of the Indian Council for Medical Research in 1973, Dr Chattopadhyay has received extensive training on various aspects of Forensic Sciences at the Central Forensic Institute, Calcutta, and in Forensic Medicine at the Calcutta Medical College. He has been a Visiting Professor with the Department of Anthropology, Manipur University, Imphal, Manipur, in 1987, Institüt für Rechtsmedizin, Christian Abrechts University, Kiel, Germany, in 1994, the Departments of Forensic Medicine, Nagasaki and Akita University Medical Schools in 1993, 1995, 2002 and 2008 and the University of Kebangsaan, Malaysia, in 2009, and a Visiting Scientist to the United Kingdom, the United States, Germany, France, Belgium, Australia, Singapore, the Czech Republic, Switzerland, Yugoslavia, Nepal, Thailand, Bangladesh, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Egypt, Sri Lanka and several other countries of the developed world in 1972,1973,1975, 1982, 1984, 1986, 1988, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2013 and lectured extensively on various aspects of Forensic Science, Forensic Medicine, Genetics and Anthropology. A member of several national and international societies (he has been a Vice-President of the Indo-Pacific Association of Law, Medicine and Science) and the Editorial Board of a number of journals, including the Legal Medicine, an Elsevier publication. A Fellow of the Indian Academy of Forensic Sciences, Indian Academy of Forensic Medicine and the Indian Association of Medico-Legal Experts, Dr Chattopadhyay has won several Prizes and honours such as the Dr S.S.Sarkar Oration Award in Anthropology in 2000, Best Researcher Award of the Indian Academy of Forensic Medicine in 1997, Best Teacher and Forensic Scientist of the Decade of the Medico-legal Society of India in 1998, Forensic Scientist of the Millenium Award of the Medico-Legal Society of India in 2002 and a Special Award from the Indo-Pacific Association of Law, Medicine and Science at Manila, Philippines, in 2004 for his contributions to knowledge and development of Forensic Science in the region. Professor Chattopadhyay has been the Congress Chairman of the 10th Indo-Pacific Congress on Legal Medicine and Forensic Science, 2010, and President of the Indo-Pacific association of Law, Medicine and Science for the years 2010–2013. Professor Chattopadhyay has just been invited by the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Ghana, to join the Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology as a Visiting Professor of Forensic Science for the year 2014–2015 and joined the Amity in April 2004 as Director (2004–2013) and Advisor (February 2013–January 2014) of the Amity Institute of Forensic Science, NOIDA–201303, UP, India.
Paul Chui is a qualified practicing Senior Consultant forensic pathologist, accredited as a specialist in pathology by the Specialist Accreditation Board of the Ministry of Health, Singapore. He is also a gazetted forensic pathologist under the Coroner's Act 2010.
After graduating with an MBBS in 1983 from the National University of Singapore, he subsequently trained in forensic pathology from 1986 and spent 2 years in the United Kingdom from 1989 to 1991, where he attained both the Diploma in Medical Jurisprudence (DMJ) and Membership of the Royal College of Pathologists (Forensic) in 1991 and Masters in Business Administration (NUS) in the mid-1990s. In 1996, under an HMDP Fellowship, Dr Chui spent 3 months at the Coroner's/Medical Examiner's offices in Pittsburgh, Chicago and Los Angeles.
Over the years, Dr Chui has been involved in numerous Coroner cases and homicides, including a number of notable court cases, such as Public Prosecutor vs Chee Cheong Hin Constance (Sindee Neo case) and Public Prosecutor vs. Tok Leng How (Huang Na Case). He has also provided consultancy and technical assistance to overseas clients regionally. He testified on the forensic autopsy evidence before the Saket Court (Delhi, India) in the high profile gang-rape murder trial in February 2013, and was closely involved in the Coroner's Inquiry into the high profile case of Shane Todd Truman in May 2013.
Dr Chui took on the Directorship of the Centre of Forensic Medicine (CFM, later renamed the Forensic Medicine Division in 2008) when the Health Sciences Authority (HSA) was formed in 2001. Computerized tomography (CT) scanning capability was added in 2010 to support the work of FMD, and a forensic anthropology laboratory was established in 2011. In April 2013, Dr Chui was appointed Chief, Forensic Medicine. The Division successfully attained accreditation from the National Association of Medical Examiners (NAME) in 2005 and has been successfully reaccredited by NAME in 2011 for another five years.
In 2003, during the SARS outbreak, Dr Chui was personally involved in autopsy examination of deaths suspected as being due to SARS. He was involved in developing the world's first mobile containerized biosafety level 4 autopsy facility, which was commissioned in 2005 and is still operational. The experience from SARS had also led to a major revamp of biosafety procedures and workplace practices in the mortuary.
Dr Chui is a Fellow of the American Academy of Forensic Sciences and a full member of the National Association of Medical Examiners (NAME). He has been a long-time serving member of the International Ad-hoc Committee under NAME, and a certified NAME Accreditation Inspector from 2011 to 2016.
Since 2001, Dr Chui had also served in various concurrent corporate capacities such as Director (Corporate Management), Director (Office for Innovation and Enterprise), Chief Information Officer (CIO), etc., within the HSA. He had also been directly involved in leading the implementation of key IT operational Systems (LISA and FIONA) supporting the work in the Applied Sciences Group. Both LISA and FIONA won regional awards in IT excellence. Dr Chui served as the Group Director of the Applied Sciences Group (ASG) of HSA from July 2006 to January 2011. In 2011, Dr Chui received the Becton–Dickinson Award in Pathology, awarded by the Singapore Society of Pathology. He is one of the founding members in the forerunner group that spearheaded the formation of the Asian Forensic Sciences Network (AFSN), a regional professional association of forensic institutes in Asia, and was its President from October 2008 to May 2011. Presently, Dr Chui is also serving as the current Chairman of the DSO–SAF Institution Review Board, as well as a member of the Singapore Armed Forces Medical Advisory Board.
Heesun Chung PhD is a Dean and Professor of the Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, South Korea. She obtained her PhD in Pharmacy from Sookmyung Women's University, South Korea, in 1987 and subsequently was awarded a Foreign Commonwealth Office Scholarship to do further postdoctoral study at King's College, London. She was the Director General of the National Forensic Service (formally the National Institute of Scientific Investigation), South Korea from 2008 to 2012. She had also held many top forensic related posts in South Korea such as Head of Department of Forensic Science, Director of Narcotics Analysis Division, Director of Drug and Toxicology at the National Institute of Scientific Investigation and many more. She lectures at Sookmyung Women's University, Korean National Police University, Korean Police Investigation Academy, Central Officials Training Institute and Dongguk University. She is the current president of the International Association of Forensic Sciences (IAFS) and is also the President-elect for the International Association of Forensic Toxicologists (TIAFT). These are just two of her many involvements with forensic professional bodies. She is also on the Editorial Board of Forensic Toxicologists and Forensic Science International. Dr Chung is a licensed Pharmacist and Toxicologist and has presented findings at numerous international meetings and symposia. Her research has resulted in the publication of over 100 scientific articles. For the last five years, 40 articles have been published in international and national journals. She is the holder of several patents and the writer of books. Her research interests are the analysis of abused drugs in biological fluids and other alternative specimens including hair and impurity profiling of illicit methamphetamine. Dr Chung has been awarded many medals and awards, including a medal for distinguished service by the Korean Government, a medal for excellence in Forensic Science from the Mongolian Government and an award as a reviewer in Pharmacy and Medicine by the Medical News Agency. She received the most outstanding Woman Scientist award from the Ministry of Science and Technology and the Bichumi Award from the Samsung Life Insurance Company. She has also received awards from the Ministry of Home Affairs, the Ministry of Health, Seoul Pharmaceutical Association, Korean Pharmaceutical Association and Seoul Daily Newspaper.
Luis Concheiro was Emeritus Professor at the University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain, Ex-Director of the Institute of Forensic Science (USC), Professor of Legal Medicine of the University of Santiago de Compostela from 1975. He was Director of the Institute of Legal Medicine from 1990 to 1998 and has had different academic positions including Vice-Rector of the University of Santiago de Compostela (1994–1998) and had Pregraduate formation under the direction of Professor Arsenio Nunes (Institute of Legal Medicine Lisbon, Portugal) in 1967–1968. He has had 6 books and over 150 papers in journals published, all of them related to forensic science. With reference to the subject of this book, his Medicina Legal en la Historia (Academia de Medicina, 2006), De las Relaciones de la Medicina y el Derecho (Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 2010) and Los Pecados Capitales de la Medicina Legal Rspañola, Revista Ciencia Forense (2011) should be highlighted, and he was one of the authors of Libro Blanco de La Medicina Legal (Ministerio de Justicia, 1985). He is regularly invited as a keynote speaker at meetings, workshops and symposia in virtually all continents and prizes and distinctions include Gold Medal USC, Medal of Gold and Brilliants Real Medical Order, Medal to the Guardia Civil Merit, Medal San Raimundo de Peñafor Doctor Honoris Causa by the University of Coimbra (Portugal) and Universidad Nacional San Luis Gonzaga de ICA (Perú).
Aída Elena Constantín MD is a Physician of Universidad Nacional de Colombia, lawyer of Universidad Santo Tomas de Aquino, Specialist in Health Audit Universidad del Rosario, and Penal and Criminological Sciences in Universidad Externado de Colombia. She has worked for 24 years at the National Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences of Colombia. She has served as an expert in Clinical Forensic Medicine and chief of the following areas: Medical Division, Division Clinical and Forensic Psychiatry, Division of Forensic Services, Forensic Science Research Division and National Reference of Violence Center, and is currently the Director of Scientific Research. In performing her duties she has led and/or participated in the development of several guidelines and regulations in clinical forensic medicine and as a lecturer for many programs of medicine, law and odontology.
Stephen Cordner is Professor of Forensic Medicine at Monash University (Foundation Chair), Head of the International Program at the Victorian Institute of Forensic Medicine (VIFM), Forensic Advisor on the International Committee of the Red Cross and Patron of the African Society of Forensic Medicine. He has a particular interest in mass casualty management, disaster victim identification and international forensic medical capacity development. Professor Cordner has worked for the International Committee of the Red Cross and has undertaken forensic medical investigative work in Kosovo, East Timor, Fiji and Bali as well as his case work in Australia. He is particularly committed to teaching and has undertaken or organized training in Indonesia, Sri Lanka, the Middle East, Botswana and Uganda. Most recently Professor Cordner was deployed by the WHO to the Philippines for a month in late 2013 to provide advice on mass casualty management following the devastation wreaked by Typhoon Haiyan and by the ICRC to Liberia to provide advice on body management for the Ebola epidemic.
Agnes Dósa MD, JD, PhD is Assistant Professor and Vice-Director of the Institute of Forensic and Insurance Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest. She graduated from Semmelweis University in 1989 (MD) and from Eötvös Lóránd University in 1993 (JD). She earned her PhD degree in 2004; the title of her thesis was: Medical malpractice – analysis of Hungarian case law from a comparative perspective. She teaches forensic medicine and medical law. Being a proponent of integration of medical law and forensic medicine, she has introduced a new curriculum of medical law for medical students. She has served as secretary and member of the Board of Forensic Medicine Experts of the Health Scientific Council since 2006. She is a member of the Human Reproduction Committee of the Health Scientific Council and has served as a member and secretary of various research ethics committees. Dr Dósa's work has been published extensively in the field of medical law with an emphasis on medical malpractice and is the author of three books and more than 100 articles.
W. Eisenmenger is employed by the Institute of Forensic Medicine, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany. He was head of the Munich Institute of Forensic Medicine from 1989 to 2009.
Luis Fondebrider (Lic) is a forensic anthropologist who graduated from the University of Buenos Aires. He is the current President of the Argentine Forensic Anthropology Team (EAAF), a scientific nonprofit organization that for the last 30 years has been using forensic anthropology as well as other disciplines to investigate cases of political, ethnic and religious violence around the world. As a member of EAAF, Mr Fondebrider has worked in 40 countries in Latin America, Africa, Europe, Asia and the Pacific region, exhuming and analyzing human remains. He worked as an expert witness and consultant for the International Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia, Truth Commissions of several countries, United Nations commissions of inquiry, Inter American Court of Human Rights, Prosecutors offices, medicolegal institutes and organizations composed of relatives of the victims. Mr Fondebrider teaches at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Buenos Aires and is a Doctor Honoris Causa for the University of Buenos Aires.
Zeno Geradts has worked since 1991 at the Netherlands Forensic Institute as a forensic scientist. He is an expert witness in image analysis and biometrics (e.g. facial comparison) as well as R&D coordinator in digital evidence. In 2002 he received a PhD from the University of Utrecht based on research on computational matching of images from shoeprints, toolmarks, drugs, pills and cartridge cases. At the American Academy of Forensic Sciences he has been Chairman of the Engineering Section and since 2008 he has been Chairman of the section Digital Evidence and Multimedia and from 2010 to 2013 the Director of the section. He is Chairman of the European Network of Forensic Science Institutes Forensic IT working group. He authored and co-authored in many publications and presented a wide variety of papers and workshops, and is active in casework as an expert witness and in projects in digital evidence and multimedia (such as camera identification, repairing video streams, image analysis and heart beat detection from CCTV).
Antonio Grande is a Specialist in Legal Medicine and Forensic pathology, as well as Head of Medicolegal Services and Psychology applied to Criminalistics at the Scientific Police Service, Polizia Scientifica and Anti-Crime Central Direction – Rome. He is Contract Professor for the University of L'Aquila, Faculty of Psychology, in the postgraduate course in Psychology Applied to Criminal Analysis. He teaches Legal Medicine at the Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry at the Università la Sapienza, Rome, and several other postgraduate courses in forensic sciences at the Universities of La Sapienza, Rome, Tor Vergata, Rome, Pavia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, LUMSA, Rome, and for the Superior School of Police. He is author of several articles and book chapters on forensic medicine and sciences.
Mete Korkut Gulmen was born at Adana–Turkiye in 1957. He had been an International–Intercultural Scholar to the United States during High School years and had graduated from Mission Viejo High School, California in 1975. He graduated from Medical School and worked as a general practitioner for two years. He performed his Anatomo–Pathology licensure education at Cukurova University and served for the Turkish Military at the Gulhane Military Medical Academy of the Anatomo–Surgical Pathology department as a consultant pathologist as well as a lecturer. He later started to work at the Forensic Medicine Department of the School of Medicine. He gained his doctorate degree on Forensic Medicine and Forensic Pathology at the Health Sciences Institute of Cukurova University and worked as a Fellow in the summer of 1995 at the Department of Forensic Medicine of Dundee University, Scotland. Dr Gulmen became a full Professor of the field in 2005. He had been working as the chief forensic pathologist at Cukurova University as well as the Morgue Department of the Adana branch of the Legal Medicine Council and also worked as a lecturer and researcher at Cukurova University since 1992. He continues to teach Forensic Medicine and Forensic Pathology to the fifth year Medical School students. He has been on the Editorial Board of The Council of Forensic Medicine Journal of Forensic Medicine, Turkish Clinics (Türkiye Klinikleri) Journal of Forensic Medicine and Bulletin of Legal Medicine as well as the Editorial Board of the Journal of Cukurova Medical School since 1999 and the Post Graduate Medical Journal of the British Medical Association since 2004. He has worked as a committee member of the postgraduate education of the School of Medicine, Cukurova University from 1999 till 2003 and as a board member of the Cukurova University Health Sciences Institute from 1998 to 2004. He is a member of the Turkish Medical Association, Turkish Forensic Medicine Specialists, Turkish Pathology Federation and Ethic Committee of the Pathology Federation, Turkish Cancer Research Association and Cukurova Pathology Association. He is one of the founders and presidents of the Adana Development Alliance Foundation and Adana Swimming–Diving Sports Club, which has built an educational village in Adana. He is also a member of the Turkish Cultural Foundation and AFS Volunteers Association and is one of the Presidents of the Turkish National Forensic Medicine Specialists Association and also the Chairperson of the Board of the Forensic Medicine Specialists. He was the 2007–2009 President of Tthe Mediterranean Academy of Forensic Sciences (MAFS)and organized the MAFS 2009 Congress at Antalya–Turkiye. He organized the last, 22nd IALM Meeting in 2012 at Istanbul–Turkiye and will be organizing the Fifth Congress of AIDC on “Standardization of Medical Expertise” in Istanbul on 3rd
