Paul Harris
A ground-breaking journey towards
a new style of music teaching
Unconditional
Teaching
© 2021 by Faber Music Ltd
First published by Faber Music Ltd
Bloomsbury House, 74–77 Great Russell Street, London WC1B 3DA
Cover design by Elizabeth Ogden
Page design by Helen Tabor and Sue Clarke
Printed in England by Caligraving Ltd
All rights reserved
ISBN10: 0-571-54217-4
EAN13: 978-0-571-54217-8
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Dedicated to all teachers who delight
in teaching with kindness.
Contents
Why I wrote this book and some thanks
5
Foreword
7
1
A moment for reflection
9
2
A few words about some words
10
3
What does it mean to be unconditional?
12
4
What are our own conditions?
15
5
What are lessons for?
21
6
Changing our mindsets
23
7
‘I’ll teach you on the condition that you’re learning’
36
8
Group teaching
43
9
Do learners have conditions?
47
10
Moving forward
52
11
Looking inwards
59
Watch your thoughts, they become your words;
Watch your words, they become your actions;
Watch your actions, they become your habits;
Watch your habits, they become your character;
Watch your character, it becomes your destiny.
老子
Lao Tzu, Mystic Philosopher of Ancient China
5
The concept of unconditional teaching has been floating around in my mind for
some time. Its first actual outing in public was in a presentation I delivered at
the London Music Education EXPO in early 2020. My wonderful team at Faber
Music (many of whom attended) and one or two other friends encouraged me
to write about the idea in book form – and so here we are now!
I’ve always loved both music and teaching – happily two areas of life that few
could argue are not of considerable consequence. This book is really about my
desire to share these deep enthusiasms and explain the way I think about the
wonderful processes of teaching and learning music. Nothing would give me
greater pleasure than to feel that all teachers and students are also happy, at
ease and taking delight in the process. So I hope you’ll enjoy this journey through
a little self-reflection, possibly resulting in making a number of sometimes
small and maybe sometimes larger adjustments to your approach, in order to
make what we do within this treasured profession even more satisfying.
I couldn’t have done it without the support and significant help of a number
of wonderful friends and fellow musicians and teachers with whom I have
discussed the ideas at some considerable length!
So huge thanks to all of them and especially to Bette Gray Fow, Georgina Lee
and Harriet Wells who have all spent much time perusing and discussing the
text with me in great detail; to Richard Crozier, Simon Dearsley, Pat Hayler,
Brian Ley, Dr Maria Luca, Anna Marshall, Peter Noke, Adam Ockelford, Robert
Tucker and Dr Caroline Tjoa who have all been very generous with their time
and thoughts, and a very special thanks to Emily Bevington, my superb editor at
Faber Music, who has spent many hours with these pages. Many thanks also
to Dr. Maria Luca and Sir Anthony Selden for their kind and generous words.
Why I wrote this book
and some thanks
This wonderfully comprehensive testament to unconditional teaching
informs, invites, stimulates and engages the reader in reflecting on
effective teaching by proposing a humanitarian and interactive style
that moves beyond personal expectations towards a student-centred
approach. Unlike many other books I have read, this is a book with
a heart. If you are thinking of becoming a music teacher, or indeed
you are already in the heart of the profession, this brilliantly written
book, populated with engaging vignettes, invites you to question your
personal values and challenge those rigid obstacles that get in the
way. Beautifully written, spiced up with psychological ideas and richly
illustrated, the book amounts to a concise encyclopedia of developing
a more effective teaching approach. It contains insights and useful
resources tackling fundamental and interesting questions. In fact, it is
an indispensable survival guide for music teachers containing principles
that apply to the teaching of any subject. A gem of a book carried
through with rigour and love.
Maria Luca, PhD
Head of the Regent’s Centre for Relational Studies
and Psychological Well-Being
7
Teaching is one of the most responsible professions on earth. Teachers
mould the lives of their students forever. At best, teachers can help develop
their students’ confidence, help them to think deeply, and encourage them to
make the very most of their innate talents. The profession is understandably,
if excessively, ringfenced with safety procedures which may discourage the
spontaneous, the unusual and the individual. It does not follow, however, that
teaching needs to be bland for fear of causing harm.
Paul Harris’s book is to be greatly welcomed. Teaching is not like being a
doctor, whose task it is to diagnose ailments and then recommend treatments.
The risks of missing a condition, misdiagnosing it, or recommending the wrong
medicine or treatment could be very serious. The medical profession is rightly
hedged by regulations and conditions to help ensure proper procedures are
followed. Teaching, in contrast, has much more in common with being a parent
than a doctor. Mistakes are rarely life-threatening and thus, teachers can be
much more adventurous in their approach, and fuller of joy and spontaneity.
The best teachers in my experience have a deep understanding of the rules but
also an inner freedom and confidence to be themselves. They do not abandon
their personalities in a jar by their front door when they leave for work in the
morning. And their students benefit enormously from being in touch with real
human beings, rather than fraught and suppressed ones who are mouthing
their words in a way that lacks human warmth.
Paul Harris explores the ‘conditions’ that can stymie the free flow of a teacher’s
personality and individuality. He first examines the terminology of ‘unconditional
teaching’ and looks at the purpose of lessons, before reconsidering the
conditions that can define them and offering practical ways of navigating them.
In the final part of the book, he addresses the teaching methods which can
be adopted to achieve unconditional learning, he stimulates self-reflection and
offers encouragement to teachers who want to pursue this approach.
The best books about teaching are those that challenge and provoke the reader
into reflecting on what they are doing and open up new ways of thinking and
being. Forty years ago, when I was studying to be a teacher, I wrote my thesis
about the ‘unreflective practitioner’ – I wish I had access to Paul Harris’s book
at that time. It would’ve made me a much better teacher.
Sir Anthony Seldon
Former Vice-Chancellor of The University of Buckingham,
Educator and Contemporary Historian
Foreword
9
Human minds are filled with a whole host of thoughts, which of course we
acquire and assimilate over time. Some of these thoughts will become the
(often deep rooted) beliefs and values we hold. Subconsciously, some of these
beliefs and values may manifest themselves as conditions that can either help
or hinder our teaching.
Much of this book is concerned with how we consider, manage and become
aware of these particular thoughts. Especially if we find that they do exist as
conditions that may be blocking the flow of effective teaching and learning.
On the other hand, some of the beliefs we may hold can constitute a strong
foundation upon which the very best teaching is built:
•
The belief that
teaching is an important and unique occupation
and the
deeper understanding that just because we can
do
something well (for
example, play the piano), doesn’t mean we can
teach
it well.
•
The belief that
the art and craft of teaching is something worthy of
continual further study
.
Of course, many people do have an instinct that
leads them naturally to good teaching but, through their integrity and
desire to do the very best possible, good teachers are constantly driven
by an aspiration to
think
and
reflect
continually and more deeply
about
their teaching.
•
The belief in
what
we are teaching
, in this case music and, more specifically,
musical performance within a rich environment of real understanding. And
the belief that it can truly contribute to a greater good.
•
Finally, the belief that
all those who we are teaching are worthy of our
teaching
.
If a student turns up for a lesson, then they are worthy to be taught.
If we do satisfy these beliefs (in a sense background requirements or
conditions), we open the way for the most exciting and effective teaching and
learning. We will be able to embark on a journey that will hopefully take us to
a place where our teaching can always flow without interruption, where the
process is always positive and engaging, and to an environment where all our
students are given the very best chance to succeed.
A moment for reflection
1
We can all become exceptional teachers.
And if that
is
our aspiration – and it is one of the greatest aspirations for any
human being – it is helpful if we satisfy certain requirements, or
conditions
.
Hold on!
you might be thinking, that seems ironic for the start of a book
entitled
Unconditional Teaching
…
To make sense of this book, and to avoid any confusion, it is essential that we
agree over the meaning of certain key words that lie at the heart of the concept.
The most important is of course the word
condition
itself. Interestingly, it is a
word with a spectacular number of meanings; here are just a few:
•
The state in which you might find something; the
condition
in which you find
this book, for example, or in broader terms: ‘
What is the condition of our
education system at the moment?’
•
The situation in which we live or work or find ourselves; ‘
My working conditions
are very good,’
or ‘
In these icy conditions you’ll need to dress warmly.’
•
All the factors that affect the way something happens; ‘
Under these conditions
I’m happy to read on,’
or
‘We’ll give you a loan on the condition that you
provide proof of income.’
•
Medical states:
‘Though he suffers from a serious condition, his condition
has improved.’
•
A state of physical fitness:
‘
I’m exercising a lot to get back into condition.’
•
‘For Terms and Conditions tick here’
– in this case we mean the rules which
govern our use of particular services.
•
And there are yet more:
air conditioning
;
hair conditioner
; the list goes on …
For the purposes of this book, the word condition will refer to
requirements
:
1
These are my
conditions
These are my
requirements
meaning
meaning
... and so
I’ll do this on
condition
that
I’ll do this if you meet my
requirements
If my
conditions
(my
requirements
) are met,
then I’m happy and we can move on.
10
A few words about some words
2
1
Which is really its
original meaning,
deriving via the old
French
condicion
from the Latin
condicio
meaning
stipulation. Looking
even further into
the past, both the
words ‘condition’
and ‘teach’ derive
from the same
Indo-European root:
‘deik’ meaning to
show or to point
out. Fascinating!
11
Here are three other connected words that may also need clarification:
•
Expect
or
expectations:
this is what I assume will happen; the word is also
used by some in a stronger, more demanding way: ‘This is what I expect from
you,’ suggesting: ‘This is what I want from you in no uncertain terms.’
•
Intentions
: my aims, goals and objectives.
•
Preferences
: the things I like better.
Spoiler alert
Without entirely giving the game away, we will discover that life is pretty much
dependent upon conditions, we can’t survive without them. So, the fact is, we
can never teach absolutely unconditionally, that is, without any requirements.
Of course, our students may have conditions (requirements) too, which may
play a part in the development of the teacher-student relationship and the
effectiveness and enjoyment of the lessons.
2
However, we will discover that there may be quite a number of these conditions
(which may well be deeply hidden in our subconscious) that might get in the
way and block the flow of effective teaching and learning. The purpose of this
book therefore is to identify and discover to what extent our teaching might be
influenced by those conditions and attempt to find ways of managing, or even
eliminating, them.
2
See Chapter
9 where the
learner’s
conditions are
explored in
more detail.
Being unconditional suggests that we accept the situation in which we find
ourselves and work within it as positively and effectively as possible.
So, should teaching be unconditional? Don’t we in fact
need
conditions?
Wouldn’t life become unmanageable without them?
Why we
do
need conditions
In many aspects of life conditions are essential, and they come in many shapes
and sizes.
They may come in the form of
barriers
or boundaries for purposes of protection
and to ensure safety. For example:
Or,
‘We can have a lesson in this room provided there is nothing in it that will
cause physical harm.’
What does it mean to be
unconditional?
3
3
Musically
speaking, singing a
lullaby, for example,
is unconditional:
no one minds
(or checks) if the
mother is in tune,
or singing quite the
right rhythm, yet the
effect is universal:
the child settles
down to sleep.
‘You can come
into our zoo on the
condition that you
don’t try to jump into
the enclosure with
the animals.’
12
The sun is
unconditional
Doctors are
called to be
unconditional
in the care
they give
A parent’s
love for their
new baby is
unconditional
3
13
Many
laws
and regulations are, in a sense, simply conditions designed to