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- Herausgeber: John Wiley & Sons
- Kategorie: Wissenschaft und neue Technologien
- Sprache: Englisch
Make your Android device truly your own Are you eager to make your Android device your own but you're not sure where to start? Then this is the book for you. XDA is the world's most popular resource for Android hacking enthusiasts, and a huge community has grown around customizing Android devices with XDA. XDA's Android Hacker's Toolkit gives you the tools you need to customize your devices by hacking or rooting the android operating system. Providing a solid understanding of the internal workings of the Android operating system, this book walks you through the terminology and functions of the android operating system from the major nodes of the file system to basic OS operations. As you learn the fundamentals of Android hacking that can be used regardless of any new releases, you'll discover exciting ways to take complete control over your device. * Teaches theory, preparation and practice, and understanding of the OS * Explains the distinction between ROMing and theming * Provides step-by-step instructions for Droid, Xoom, Galaxy Tab, LG Optimus, and more * Identifies the right tools for various jobs * Contains new models enabling you to root and customize your phone * Offers incomparable information that has been tried and tested by the amazing XDA community of hackers, gadgeteers, and technicians XDA's Android Hacker's Toolkit is a simple, one-stop resource on hacking techniques for beginners.
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Seitenzahl: 207
Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2012
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XDA Developers’ Android™ Hacker’s Toolkit
Table of Contents
Introduction
First Things First: What Is XDA?
The Dragons that Lie Ahead
Who This Book Is For
What This Book Covers
How This Book Is Structured
What You Need to Use This Book
Part I: What You Need to Know
Chapter 1: Android OS Internals: Understanding How Your Device Starts
The Penguin Down Below
How Your Android Device Starts
Bootstrapping
Adding a Custom Bootloader
Understanding the Bootloader Process
Custom Recoveries: The Holy Grail
Chapter 2: Rooting Your Android Device
Why Should You Root?
Increasing the Service Life of the Device
Fixing OEM Defects
Increasing Capability
Customizing the Device
Backing Up Data
Contact Information
Applications and Their Data
Data on the SD Card
How You Can Root and Leave Your OEM’s Control
OEM Flash Software
Exploits
Native Fastboot Flash
Scripted and One-Click Methods
Rooting Two Devices
Nexus One
HTC Thunderbolt
The Root of It All
Chapter 3: The Right Tool for the Job
Ready, Set, . . . Wait I Have to Have What?
Connecting a Phone to a Computer
Hacking Tools
USB Cables
USB Debugging
What’s Driving This Thing?
Using the Android Debug Bridge
Checking Device Connectivity
Restarting the ADB Service
Copying Files to and from Your Device
Rebooting a Device
The Power of Fastboot
Unlocking a Device
Updating a Device
Flashing a Device
Rebooting a Device
Harnessing the Power of the Penguin with ADB Shell
File System Navigation
File Management
File Access Permissions
Redirection and Piping
Concatenation
BusyBox: Giving the Penguin Back Its Power
The dd Command
The echo Command
The md5sum Command
Chapter 4: Rooting and Installing a Custom Recovery
How to Use Exploits
Exploit Scripts
Exploit Applications
Using a Script or Application on a Device
Hacking Utilities
OEM Tools
Developer Utilities
Image Files
Recovery Mode
What Is Recovery Mode?
Make It All So Easy: Get A Custom Recovery!
Using ClockworkMod Recovery
Rebooting the Device
Updating a Device from the SD Card
Resetting a Device to Factory Condition
Wiping the Cache
Installing a Zip File from the SD Card
Backing Up and Restoring a Device
Mounting Partitions and Managing Storage
Advanced Functions
Backup and Disaster Recovery
Precautions for Success and Data Recovery
Backing Up Applications
Backing Up Through a Recovery Process
Backing Up Through an Application
What Happens if It Goes Really Wrong?
Chapter 5: Theming: Digital Cosmetic Surgery
Changing the Look and Feel of Android
Theming the Launcher
Theming with an Add-on Launcher
Tools Used in Theming
APKManager
Android SDK
Eclipse
A ROM of Your Choice
7-Zip
Paint.NET
Update.zip Creator
Amend2Edify
The Editing Process
Walkthrough for Creating Theme Files
Walkthrough for Creating a Flashable ZIP File
Chapter 6: You’ve Become Superuser: Now What?
Popular Multi-Device Custom ROMs
CyanogenMod
Android Open Kang Project
VillainROM
Kernel Tweaks
Backlight Notifications
Voodoo Enhancements
Performance and Battery Life Tweaks
Root Applications
SetCPU
Adfree Android
Chainfire 3D
Titanium Backup
Part II: Manufacturer Guidelines and Device-Specific Guides
Chapter 7: HTC EVO 3D: A Locked Device
Obtaining Temporary Root
Using S-OFF and Permanent Root Requirements
Running the Revolutionary Tool
Installing a Custom Recovery
Installing the Superuser Binary
Installing a SuperUser Application
Chapter 8: Nexus One: An Unlockable Device
Root Methods Available
Resources Required for this Walkthrough
Walkthrough
Placing the Nexus One in Fastboot Mode
Flashing a Boot Partition
Getting Full Root Access
Installing a Custom Recovery
Chapter 9: HTC ThunderBolt: A Tightly Locked Device
Root Methods Available
Resources Required for this Walkthrough
Walkthrough
Pushing Files to the Device
Gaining Temporary Root
Checking a File’s MD5 Signature
Writing the Temporary Bootloader
Downgrading the Firmware
Gaining Temporary Root to Unlock the MMC
Rewriting the Bootloader
Upgrading the Firmware
Chapter 10: Droid Charge: Flashing with ODIN
Resources Required for this Walkthrough
Walkthrough
Connecting the Device to ODIN
Flashing the Device
Troubleshooting
Chapter 11: Nexus S: An Unlocked Device
Connecting the Device to a PC
Resources Required for this Walkthrough
Walkthrough
Unlocking the Device
Flashing the Device with a Recovery
Flashing the Device with the SuperUser application
Chapter 12: Motorola Xoom: An Unlocked Honeycomb Tablet
Resources Required for this Walkthrough
Walkthrough
Pushing the Root File to the SD Card
Unlocking the Xoom
Flashing the Device with a Recovery
Flashing the Device with a Universal Root
Chapter 13: Nook Color: Rooting with a Bootable SD Card
Resources Required for this Walkthrough
Walkthrough
Creating a Bootable SD Card
Booting the Device from the SD Card
Making the Device More Usable
Appendix A: Setting Up Android SDK and ADB Tools
XDA Developers’ Android™ Hacker’s Toolkit
The Complete Guide to Rooting, ROMS and Theming
Jason Tyler with Will Verduzco
This work is a co-publication between XDA Developers and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
This edition first published 2012
© 2012 John Wiley and Sons, Ltd.
Registered office
John Wiley & Sons Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, United Kingdom
For details of our global editorial offices, for customer services and for information about how to apply for permission to reuse the copyright material in this book please see our website at www.wiley.com.
The right of the author to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, except as permitted by the UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, without the prior permission of the publisher.
Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears in print may not be available in electronic books.
Designations used by companies to distinguish their products are often claimed as trademarks. All brand names and product names used in this book are trade names, service marks, trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners. The publisher is not associated with any product or vendor mentioned in this book. This publication is designed to provide accurate and authoritative information in regard to the subject matter covered. It is sold on the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering professional services. If professional advice or other expert assistance is required, the services of a competent professional should be sought.
Trademarks: Wiley and the Wiley logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of John Wiley and Sons, Inc. and/ or its affiliates in the United States and/or other countries, and may not be used without written permission. Android is a trademark of Google, Inc. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. is not associated with any product or vendor mentioned in the book.
XDA, XDA Developers is a trademark of JB Online Media, LLC
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
ISBN 978-1-119-95138-4 (paperback); ISBN 978-1-119-96154-3 (ebook); 978-1-119-96155-0 (ebook); 978-1-119-96156-7 (ebook)
Set in 9.5/11.5 Minion Pro Regular by Indianapolis Composition Services
Printed in the United States by Courier Westford
Publisher’s Acknowledgements
Some of the people who helped bring this book to market include the following:
Editorial and Production
VP Consumer and Technology Publishing Director: Michelle Leete
Associate Director–Book Content Management: Martin Tribe
Associate Publisher: Chris Webb
Assistant Editor: Ellie Scott
Development Editor: Shena Deuchars
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Technical Editor: Akshay Dashrath
Editorial Manager: Jodi Jensen
Senior Project Editor: Sara Shlaer
Editorial Assistant: Leslie Saxman
Marketing
Associate Marketing Director: Louise Breinholt
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Composition Services
Compositor: Indianapolis Composition Services
Proofreader: Linda Seifert
Indexer: Estalita Slivoskey
About the Authors
Jason Tyler has been an IT instructor and is currently Director of Technology for Typefrag.com. An avid Android hacker, Jason has been rooting and ROMing every Android phone he can get his hands on since the OG Droid.
Will Verduzco is a Johns Hopkins University graduate in neuroscience and is now currently studying to become a physician. He is also Portal Administrator for XDA-Developers, and has been addicted to mobile technology since the HTC Wizard. Starting with the Nexus One, however, his gadget love affair has shifted to Google’s little green robot.
Foreword
The XDA Developers (XDA) website was opened in 2003. Nine years may not seem like that long ago, but Facebook wasn’t even a thing then. The iPhone and the first Android handset weren’t released until 2007. So, in Internet time, XDA is old. In smartphone time, we’re ancient.
xda-developers.com is a strange URL—not as imaginative, short or catchy as most high-traffic sites. There’s a simple reason for this: the site wasn’t created for you. We never envisioned a smartphone revolution—or if we did, we never envisioned that millions would care so much about what was happening on our little developer-focused forum.
XDA was created for developers and it is still a site for developers. They are incredibly smart, generally selfless, and hard-working individuals who share their creations (for free) with the world. When they see a book like this, they get concerned that their site will be overrun (more than it already is) by “newbs” with annoying questions and demands. They see the title of this book—with that overused “H”-word—and roll their eyes.
So, why did XDA lend its name to this guide? Honestly? It’s because we can’t stop you all from coming and we’d rather you be a bit better educated when you arrive. People spend more time touching their phones than their spouses and many of those people want their phones to be completely customizable (even as their spouses are generally not). They want to remove restrictions placed on the devices by carriers and OEMs and make the phone theirs.
This book was written by a member of XDA. His goal was to share his enthusiasm about what he found on the site and across the Internet about the customizability of the Android operating system, to get you just as excited, and to show you the tools you need to put that excitement into action. As with most tech-related books, much of the text herein is outdated by the time it hits the shelves. But that’s OK. Even if the content is slightly stale, even if you don’t have any of the devices listed in the tutorial chapters, we still urge you to read it carefully so that you are better prepared to understand as you explore XDA for your device.
As a site for developers, XDA’s goal is to make sure you have you respect for all those who have blazed the trail to make all this good stuff possible. We want you to use XDA responsibly—read everything before posting, understand the risks of rooting and customizing your device, and, as you learn, become a helpful, contributing member of the community.
The XDA Admin Team
Introduction
There’s a reason most Android geeks have such disdain for the other major smartphone operating system. The iPhone shackles the user, with its closed source code and ecosystem ruled with an iron fist. Android, on the other hand, frees developers to tear apart and rebuild nearly every aspect of the user’s experience with the operating system. Beyond the world of developer-created applications (apps), there is a vast universe of deeper customizations—custom kernels and ROMs, themes, CPU overclocks, and more.
In most cases, these tasks begin with gaining “root” access to your device. The goal of this book is to get you comfortable with the tools and vocabulary of Android hacking, to get you in the “root” mindset, and to point you towards the best online resources for expanding your knowledge even further.
First Things First: What Is XDA?
The XDA Developers (XDA) website, at http://www.xda-developers.com, is the largest smartphone community on the Internet. As the name implies, the site—launched in 2003—is a destination for developers. “XDA” was a line of phones based on Windows Mobile that were branded by O2 and developed by a small (at the time) Taiwanese manufacturer called High Tech Computer Corporation (HTC). According to XDA history:
It was these early O2 XDA devices that the founders of our site thought had much more potential than the sellers O2 and HTC were giving them credit for. With their geeky hats on they cracked them open and began to develop them beyond the standard fairly boring branded versions. To spread the word, they set up a small website and naturally called it xda- developers. In the early days they had less than a dozen members (2003).
As more and more phones were released, the XDA administrators launched a new forum for each one. The site was built around the spirit of community and cooperation. XDA itself is not an organization of developers. The site is merely a sandbox where developers congregate.
From those early few members, XDA became known as the go-to source for information on how to make phones do more great stuff and how to fix a phone that was otherwise broken. As more people were attracted to the site, enthusiasts were given a home to share the awesomeness of mobile device development. From that early core of a few dozen enthusiasts, geeks and developers, the XDA website now receives more than ten million visitors per month and thousands of informative posts every day.
The material in this book draws heavily on the work done by the fantastic community at XDA. The book combines the work of the XDA community, my technical teaching experience, and my work as an Android developer to provide a launching point for the budding Android hacker.
The XDA forums have become the foremost Internet destination for information about mobile devices: how to fix them, how to hack them and, generally, how to make them better than the manufacturers make them. http://forum.xda-developers.com is laid out in forums dedicated to individual devices. Each forum contains a core group of people who work with and love the device, as well as thousands of helpful individuals on the same journey as you. When you visit XDA, you can use the “Forums” link and navigate through the forums to find your specific device (see Figure 1).
Figure 1: The device-specific forums at http://forum.xda-developers.com
The Dragons that Lie Ahead
The freedom offered to you when your device is rooted is liberating. It affords you such wonders as:
• complete backup of all applications and their data
• Google Apps, if they were not included with your device
• overclocking your device (speeding it up to run faster and better)
• fixing manufacturer issues, such as GPS errors or call dropping
• wireless tethering to create a quickie “hotspot”
• completely changing and customizing the device interface.
All of this and more is available to those who step out on a limb and root their Android device. However, there are two caveats to keep in mind before you get started.
You should know before you read any further that by even thinking about rooting your device you may have voided your warranty.
Not really, of course, but attempting any of the customizations that you read about in this book will void your manufacturer’s warranty and any insurance warranty you may have purchased. Manufacturers and mobile service carriers sell millions of devices every week. For every device they sell, they have to support a certain percentage of those devices that are defective. As far as your carrier and OEM are concerned, when you mess with the stuff they have spent millions on making, their responsibility to support you ends.
There are no exceptions to this rule. Most OEMs, carriers and support companies will instantly reject any sort of support or replacement request when they find the device has had its software, firmware or hardware altered outside normal parameters. Even so-called “developer” devices, such as the Nexus range, cease to be supported when you start developing on them.
The second big catch is that you can do permanent irreversible damage to your device. In the parlance of the mobile device hacker, this is known as “bricking” because it turns your $400 smartphone into something as useful as a brick. Some of the exploits that are used to gain “root” access are edge-of-the-knife procedures that can completely ruin a device if the tiniest mistake is made.
Some devices are more robust than others and are less likely to be bricked. The original Motorola Droid from Verizon, for instance, was known for being almost impossible to permanently brick. But even the venerable Droid has been bricked by hasty or extremely adventurous hackers.
Many of this book’s tutorials, whether to achieve root or other customizations, require you to be familiar with a command prompt window, such as the one shown in Figure 2. If you are a typical Windows user, you probably do not have much experience with the command line. Although you can find shortcuts, scripts, and workarounds, I still recommend you get comfortable with the command line. By the time you make it through Chapter 4, you’ll be a command prompt pro.
Figure 2: The command prompt window
Most of the steps in this book assume that you have the ability to connect your device to your computer and that your computer has all the drivers it needs to communicate with your device. If you are unsure of this, you may need to read through Appendix A to get your phone connected to your computer. Your best shot at getting your particular device connected to your computer is to do a quick search of the XDA forums to locate the drivers. Don’t do all the hard work of locating the right drivers if one of the wonderful people at XDA has already located them.
The other dragon that can gobble up the new hacker is that most Android device hacking requires the Software Development Kit (SDK) to be installed on your computer. In Appendix A, I walk you through setting up the Android SDK and point out the few pieces that you actually need for hacking your Android device.
For many devices, much of the risk has been removed by developers and hackers who have created scripts, one-click methods, and helper tools to root and customize your device. The XDA forums are an awesome community of curious and extremely intelligent people that can get you out of most dead ends when hacking your phone.
In order to access the wealth of information undoubtedly available for your device, you must first navigate to your device-specific forum. Finding the dedicated forum for your device is a simple task that can be accomplished several ways. While you could comb through the forum index and find your device manually, this can become quite frustrating given the extremely large number of device forums.
An easier method to find your device-specific forum is to use the “Find Your Device” box in the upper-right hand corner of the screen, see Figure 3 (top). Simply type the name of your device, or even a few letters, and you will be presented with a list of all matching device forums. Alternatively, you can jump to devices from a particular manufacturer by using the “Devices by OS or Manufacturer” drop-down menu at the top center of the page, see Figure 3 (bottom).
Figure 3: Searching for your device by name (top) or by manufacturer (bottom)
If you decide to continue to root your device, customize it and slip the surly bonds of OEM tyranny, you must proceed at your own risk. You have to accept the very real possibility that you could do your device permanent harm or even brick it. John Wiley & Sons, XDA Developers and I are not responsible if you turn a beautiful shiny Android device into the most expensive paperweight ever.
You have been warned.
Who This Book Is For
This book is for the Android user who wants to get started with hacking Android devices. If you have heard of “rooting” an Android device and wonder what it means and how it is done, then this book is for you. This book is also for the user who wants to get more out of their Android device and increase its life and functionality.
What This Book Covers
This book covers general Android knowledge and mobile device concepts. It also includes chapters that give the reader the skills necessary to begin hacking and exploring on their own. It covers installing the tools needed, such as the Android SDK. Later chapters cover the rooting procedures for specific devices. Although devices, and Android itself, change very quickly, reading a walkthrough can prepare you for what you can expect in rooting your device.
How This Book Is Structured
This book is divided into two parts. The first part gives a basic overview of Android and the shell. Shell command skills will be the core of your Android-hacking career. The second part gives example walkthroughs on representative devices, from the very tightly locked to the wide open. Some devices from major manufacturers are given a detailed walkthrough to demonstrate how the skills learned earlier can be applied. The appendix walks you through getting your computing environment set up to hack Android.
What You Need to Use This Book
You need a PC with Windows (XP or later), a free USB port (USB hubs are not generally recommended), and an Internet connection. You need to be familiar with navigating the XDA forums in order to access the latest updates and information. Android hacking can be done very well from computers running Mac or Linux but this book focuses on the PC user. You need an Android device if you wish to follow along with the examples and tutorial walkthroughs.
Part I: What You Need to Know
Chapter 1: Android OS Internals: Understanding How Your Device Starts
Chapter 2: Rooting Your Android Device
Chapter 3: The Right Tool for the Job
Chapter 4: Rooting and Installing a Custom Recovery
Chapter 5: Theming: Digital Cosmetic Surgery
Chapter 6: You’ve Become Superuser: Now What?
Chapter 1: Android OS Internals: Understanding How Your Device Starts
In this chapter:
• The penguin down below: the Linux kernel
• Bootstrapping: How your device starts
• An introduction to custom bootloader and custom recovery processes
To fully understand the process of rooting your device, gaining the control and power you need to truly customize it, you need to understand a little about how the Android operating system works—how the device goes from being powered off to a fully functioning state. It is in this process that developers usually exploit weaknesses to gain full access to the device. Usually some step in the boot process allows a developer to insert a bit of code or a script, and thus access functionality not intended by the Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM).
Linux Development and Open Source
Linux began in 1991 with Linus Torvalds working to make a completely free and open source operating system that could be used by hobbyists, academia and hackers. His operating system has grown to be one of the most powerful and flexible in the world today. From a handful of unknown geeks, the developer base has matured to include thousands of contributors every year. Some of the finest names in computer science and programming work on the development not only of Linux but also of Android.
Linux remains completely free and completely open source. This allows companies and individuals to have access to the power of computing devices without the complex legal and copyright concerns that come with closed source software.
The Penguin Down Below
Android is an operating system built on the Linux kernel. Thanks to Google and the Open Handset Alliance, Linux and its penguin mascot have found a home on Android devices. Android is essentially a highly customized distribution of Linux with various tweaks oriented towards mobile devices.
If you are familiar with the Linux operating system then you are going to feel quite at home with many aspects of the Android operating system. If you are comfortable with any other command-line operating system, such as DOS or the Windows command line, many of your skills there will be useful as well.
Android is, at its core, an implementation of the Linux operating system. Many of the commands you will be using in hacking an Android device are Linux commands. However, you do not need to be a programmer to become an Android hobbyist or enthusiast. Using the skills taught in this book, you can become adept at exploring and altering your Android device.
