Dermatology at a Glance E-Book

Mahbub M. U. Chowdhury

• Herausgeber: John Wiley & Sons
• Kategorie: Fachliteratur
• Serie: At a Glance
• Sprache: Englisch

Seitenzahl: 432

Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2019

Beschreibung

The field of Dermatology is expanding at a rapid pace — new research findings and advanced treatment technologies have amplified the need for concise and up-to-date information on this dynamic area of medicine. Dermatology at a Glance provides medical students and trainees with a clear introduction to dermatological practice. This valuable resource covers essential components of dermatology, from patient consultation and basic procedures to advanced treatments of skin disorders. Illustrated with over 300 high-quality slides and full-colour photographs, this book is an ideal reference for those seeking to interview and examine patients, identify and diagnose skin diseases, and develop treatment plans.

Now in its second edition, Dermatology at a Glance offers revised coverage of the epidemiology, pathogenesis, and presentations of various skin disorders, and examines central aspects of the British Association of Dermatologists core curriculum. New chapters on topics such as dermoscopy, diagnostic methods for lesions and rashes, cosmetic dermatology, and drug reactions reflect current research and practices.

• Perfect for revision and quick consultation with its highly visual approach
• Eight brand new chapters, including hidradenitis suppurativa, itch, and systemic and topical drugs
• Accompanied by a companion site featuring self-assessment resources and an image bank

Dermatology at a Glance is an indispensable resource for medical students, dermatology specialty and primary care trainees.

Leseprobe

Table of Contents

Cover

Preface to the Second Edition

Preface to the First Edition

About the Authors

Contributing Authors

Foreword

Acknowledgements

Conflict of Interests

List of Abbreviations

About the Companion Website

Part 1: Principles of Dermatology

1 Evidence‐Based Dermatology

Influences on Clinical Decision‐Taking

Guidelines

Systematic Reviews

UK Clinical Trials Network

2 Dermatology

Free Open Access Journals

Detailed Information About Skin Diseases

Dermatology Images

Clinical Guidelines

Quality of Life Questionnaires, including DLQI

Evidence‐Based Dermatology

Patient Support Groups

Patient Information Leaflets

Resources for Medical Students

Dermatology News and Reference

e‐Learning Sample Sessions

Free iPhone Apps

Free Android Apps

Subscription Services

Dermatology Postgraduate Distance Learning Course

3 Dermatology

Historical Highlights

Twentieth Century

Twenty‐First Century

The Spreading of Knowledge

Skin Disease: Cultural Aspects

4 How the Skin Works

Critical Role of Evolution

Ultraviolet Protection

Heat Regulation

Sensory

Vitamin D Production

Immunological Functions

Sebaceous Glands

Nails

Regional Variation and Clinical Relevance (Figure 4.7)

Skin and Hair Colour

5 The Burden of Skin Disease

How Skin Disease Affects Peoples’ Lives

Understanding Patient’s Quality of Life Impact Helps Clinical Practice

How to Measure the Impact of Skin Disease on Life Quality

Comparison with Non‐skin Diseases

Dermatology Life Quality Index

Rule of Tens: Using Quality of Life Scores to Help Define Disease Severity

Major Life‐Changing Decisions

Children

The Greater Patient

Utility Measures

Part 2: The Patient Consultation

6 Taking the History

Why Taking a History is Important

Structured History Taking

Key Points to a Successful Consultation

Special Circumstances

Language and Translations

Adolescents

History Taking with Experience

Why Recording the History is Important

Multi‐Tasking in the Clinic

How to Take Clinical Decisions: The Art of Medicine

7 How to Examine the Skin

Examination Optimal Conditions

Essential

Simple Structure

Scalp

Ears

External Auditory Meatus

Face

Neck, Axillae, and Arms

Trunk: Back, Chest, Abdomen, and Buttocks

Genitalia, Perineum, Groins, and Perianal Skin

Legs

Feet

General Points: All Areas

Individual Lesions

Recording Examination Findings

Special Situations

8 Diagnostic Clues

Itchy Rashes

Skin Rashes Based on Shape of Individual Lesions

Skin Lesion Based on Colour

Skin Lesion Based on Surface Appearance

Part 3: Basic Procedures

9 Surgical Basics

Preparation Prior to Surgery

Local Anaesthesia

Haemostasis

Surgical Procedures (Table 9.2)

10 Key Procedures

Cryotherapy

Laser (Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation)

Xanthelasma Treatment

Botulinum Toxin

Nail Surgery

Mohs’ Micrographic Surgery

11 Dermoscopy

How Does it Work?

Value of Dermoscopy in Clinical Practice

Dermoscopy in Melanocytic Lesions

Dermoscopy in Non‐Melanocytic Lesions

Limitations of Dermoscopy

Part 4: Treatments

12 Topical Therapy

What Influences Absorption?

What is a Cream?

What is in a Cream?

What is an Ointment?

What is a Lotion?

What is an Emollient?

How Often Should Drugs be Applied?

Topical Steroids

Side Effects of Potent Topical Steroids if used Widely in the Long‐Term

Antibiotics

Antifungals

Antivirals

Infestation Therapies

Topical Retinoids

Topicals for Psoriasis

Sunscreens

Topical Drugs for Pre‐Malignancy or Malignancy

Drug Combinations and Formulations

Pharmacokinetics of Topical Applications

Compliance/Adherence

13 Practical Special Management

Dermatology Day Care Services

Patient Education

Intensive Topical Treatment

Other Treatments Undertaken in Dermatology Day Units

Radiotherapy

14 Systemic Therapies

Introduction

Corticosteroids

Methotrexate

Azathioprine

Ciclosporin

Apremilast

Retinoids

Biologic Treatments

Part 5: Inflammatory Diseases

15 Psoriasis

Epidemiology

Clinical Presentations

Assessing Co‐Morbidities

Pathogenesis

Diagnosis

Treatment

16 Atopic Dermatitis

Clinical Patterns According to Age

Clinical Features

Aetiology and Pathogenesis

Complications of Atopic Dermatitis

Management

17 Acne and Teenage Skin

Points to Consider When Consulting a Teenager with a Skin Disease

Acne Vulgaris

18 Hidradenitis Suppurativa

Clinical Features

Co‐morbidities

Aetiology and Pathogenesis

Management

Medical Treatment

Surgical Treatment

19 Common Inflammatory Diseases

Lichenoid Disorders

Lichen Planus

Histopathology

Prognosis and Treatment

Other Lichenoid Reactions

Graft versus Host Disease

Pityriasis Rosea

Part 6: ER Dermatology

20 Acute Dermatology

Erythroderma

Erythema Multiforme

Stevens–Johnson Syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis

Angioedema and Anaphylaxis

Eczema Herpeticum

Necrotising Fasciitis

21 Blistering Skin Diseases

Autoimmune Bullous Skin Diseases

Immunofluorescence

Bullous Pemphigoid

Pemphigus

Linear IgA Bullous Disease

Dermatitis Herpetiformis

22 Drug Reactions

Drug Reactions to Topical Treatments

Drug Reactions to Systemic Drugs

Fixed Drug Eruption

Acute Generalised Exanthematous Pustulosis

(

AGEP

)

Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms

(

DRESS

)

Management of Drug Reactions

Part 7: Skin Infections

23 Bacterial Infections

Cellulitis and Erysipelas

Impetigo

Folliculitis

Boil (Furuncle)

Erythrasma

Intertrigo (Figure 23.6)

Pitted Keratolysis (Figure 23.7)

Trichomycosis Axillaris

Lyme Disease

Tuberculosis

Fish tank Granuloma (Figure 23.8)

24 Viral Infections

Viral Warts

Herpes Infections

Investigations

Treatment

Molluscum Contagiosum

25 Fungal Infections

Pityriasis Versicolor

Malassezia Folliculitis

Seborrhoeic Dermatitis, Dandruff

Dermatophyte Infections

Investigations for Fungal Infections

Dermatophyte Infection Treatment

Candida Infection

26 Skin Infestations

Scabies

Head Lice (Pediculosis Capitis)

Body Lice

27 Tropical Skin Diseases

Cutaneous Larva Migrans

Leishmaniasis

Leprosy

Tropical Ulcer

Dengue

Part 8: Specific Sites

28 The Red Face

Rosacea

Perioral Dermatitis

Atopic Eczema

Seborrhoeic Dermatitis

Psoriasis (Chapter 15)

Contact Dermatitis (Chapter 35)

Discoid Lupus Erythematosus

Tinea Faciei

29 Oral and Genital Disease

Genital Skin Disease

Management

Infectious Genital Skin Diseases

Oral Mucosal Disease

Management

30 Nail and Hair Disease

Nail Diseases

Management

Hair

Excess Hair

Hair Loss (Alopecia)

Part 9: Specific Ages

31 The Newborn Infant

Benign Physiological Phenomenon

Benign Skin Pigmentation

Transient Rashes

Persistent and/or Progressive Rashes

Skin Lesions

32 The Child with a Rash

Macular (± Papular) Rash

Papular Rash

Papular–Vesicular Rash

Blistering Rash

Urticarial Rash

Petechial and Purpuric Rash

Important Conditions Not to Miss

33 Skin Problems in Pregnancy

Physiological Skin Changes in Pregnancy

Skin Lesions in Pregnancy

Pregnancy‐Related Dermatoses

Effect of Pregnancy on Pre‐existing Skin Diseases

Management of Skin Diseases During Pregnancy

34 Elderly Skin

Attitudes to Skin Diseases in the Elderly

Co‐Morbidities Impacting on Skin Disease in the Elderly

Factors to Consider When Managing Elderly People with Skin Diseases

Benign Skin Lesions

Malignant Skin Lesions

Xerosis and Pruritus

Bullous Pemphigoid

Part 10: Skin Allergy

35 Cutaneous Allergy

Irritant Contact Dermatitis

Allergic Contact Dermatitis

Patch Testing

Prick Testing

Management and Prognosis of Contact Dermatitis

36 The Working Hands

Hand Eczema

Prevention of Hand Eczema

Treatment

37 Urticaria

Classification

Histology and Pathophysiology

Clinical Features

Causes

Prognosis

Management

Physical and Cholinergic Urticarias

Hereditary Angioedema

Part 11: Skin Tumours

38 Benign Skin Lesions

Benign Melanocytic Naevi

Freckles and Lentigos

Seborrhoeic Keratosis (Basal Cell Papilloma)

Epidermoid Cyst

Dermatofibroma (Histiocytoma)

Skin Tag (Fibroepithelial Polyp)

Solar Keratoses (Actinic Keratoses)

Bowen’s Disease (Intraepidermal Squamous Cell Carcinoma)

39 Non‐Melanoma Skin Cancers

Basal Cell Carcinoma (‘Rodent Ulcer’)

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Keratoacanthoma

Merkel Cell Carcinoma

40 Malignant Melanoma

Epidemiology

Risk Factors

Diagnosis

Pathology

Management

Prognosis

41 Other Malignant Skin Conditions

Cutaneous T Cell Lymphoma (Mycosis Fungoides)

Paget’s Disease

Kaposi’s Sarcoma

Cutaneous Metastases

Part 12: Photodermatology

42 Pigmentation

Effect of Inflammation

Skin Lighteners

Too Little Pigment

Too Much Pigment

43 Sun and Skin

Sunburn Reaction

Photoageing

Tanning

Vitamin D Synthesis and Deficiency

Sunscreens

44 Phototherapy

Phototherapy: General Principles

UVB Phototherapy

UVA Phototherapy

Important Safely Issues Related to Phototherapy

Phototherapy in Special Circumstances

Photodynamic Therapy

45 Photodermatoses

Polymorphic Light Eruption

Chronic Actinic Dermatitis

Actinic Prurigo

Solar Urticaria

Porphyrias

Xeroderma Pigmentosa

Phototesting

Part 13: Systemic Diseases

46 Skin Signs of Systemic Disease

Conditions with Several Causes

Systemic Diseases with Specific Signs

47 Autoimmune Disease and Vasculitis

Lupus Erythematosus

Discoid Lupus Erythematosus

Subacute Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Scleroderma (Systemic Sclerosus)

Dermatomyositis

Small Vessel Vasculitis

48 The Immunosuppressed Patient

Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

Immunocompromised Patients and Skin Conditions

Part 14: Miscellaneous Conditions

49 Psychodermatology

Psychiatric and Skin Co‐morbidity

Skin Diseases Primarily Caused by Psychological and Psychiatric Problems

Damaging Habits

50 Pruritus

Introduction

What Causes the Sensation of Itch?

Itch in the Elderly

Itch in Pregnancy

Impact of Itch

What Diseases Cause Itch?

Management of Itch

Treatments for Itch

How can you Measure Itch?

51 Cosmetic Dermatology

Motivation to Seek Cosmetic Treatment

Medical Assessment and Contraindications

Skin ‘Ageing’

Skin Type

Aims of Treatment

Commonest Cosmetic Dermatology Treatments

Ethical Issues

52 Skin Breakdown

Leg Ulcers

Other Ulcers

Burns

53 Hereditary Skin Diseases

Ichthyoses

Epidermolysis Bullosa

Darier’s Disease

Neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1)

Tuberous Sclerosis (TS)

Incontinentia Pigmenti (IP)

Xeroderma Pigmentosa

Clinical Picture Quiz

Clinical Picture Quiz Answers

References

Index

End User License Agreement

List of Tables

Chapter 3

Table 3.1 Key figures of twentieth‐century dermatology.

Chapter 4

Table 4.1 Bacteria on the surface.

Chapter 5

Table 5.1 Measuring the quality of life impact of skin disease is helpful in:

Table 5.2 Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) question topics.

Table 5.3 How to understand DLQI scores.

Table 5.4 Learning Haiku.

Chapter 6

Table 6.1 Key questions when discharging an outpatient.

Chapter 7

Table 7.1 Descriptive terms: the jargon.

Table 7.2 Photography in the clinic.

Chapter 9

Table 9.1 Pre‐surgical counselling.

Table 9.2 Surgery procedures used in dermatology.

Chapter 10

Table 10.1 Some procedures used in dermatology.

Chapter 12

Table 12.1 Adherence.

Table 12.2 Don't undertreat.

Table 12.3 The Yesterday Use question.

Chapter 13

Table 13.1 Examples of dermatology day care services.

Table 13.2 Skin conditions treated with radiotherapy.

Table 13.3 Potential complications of radiotherapy.

Chapter 14

Table 14.1 Common systemic therapies used in dermatology: indications and side ef...

Table 14.2 Biologic treatment: indications and uses in dermatology.

Table 14.3 Biologic treatment: mechanisms of action and indications.

Chapter 15

Table 15.1 Systemic treatments and side effects.

Table 15.2 How to measure psoriasis, to inform decisions and monitor progress.

Chapter 16

Table 16.1 Diagnostic criteria for atopic dermatitis (AD).

Table 16.2 Aims of management of AD.

Chapter 17

Table 17.1 Skin diseases that may affect teenagers.

Table 17.2 Points to consider when consulting a teenager with a skin disease.

Table 17.3 Mode of action of acne treatments.

Chapter 18

Table 18.1 Diagnostic criteria.

Chapter 19

Table 19.1 Inflammatory skin diseases commonly seen in dermatology clinic.

Table 19.2 Patterns of lichen planus (LP).

Table 19.3 Conditions showing Koebner's phenomenon.

Table 19.4 Drug causes of lichenoid reactions.

Chapter 20

Table 20.1 Causes and clinical images of erythroderma.

Table 20.2 Pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of Stevens–Johnson syndrome (...

Table 20.3 Causes and pathogenesis of angioedema and anaphylaxis.

Table 20.4 Immediate management of anaphylaxis in an adult.

Chapter 21

Table 21.1 Possible causes of skin blistering.

Table 21.2 Differentiating features between autoimmune bullous skin diseases.

Table 21.3 Differentiating features between the types of pemphigus.

Chapter 22

Table 22.1 Summary of skin reactions to systemic drugs.

Table 22.2 Mechanisms underlying skin manifestations of drug reactions.

Chapter 23

Table 23.1 Other skin bacterial infections.

Table 23.2 Diseases involving the skin caused by Spirochaetes.

Chapter 24

Table 24.1 Treatments for post‐herpetic neuralgia.

Table 24.2 How to take a viral swab.

Table 24.3 How to do a Tzanck smear.

Chapter 25

Table 25.1 Predisposing factors for fungal infection.

Table 25.2 Dermatophyte infections.

Table 25.3 Candida presentations.

Chapter 28

Table 28.1 Specific questions and history.

Table 28.2 Causes of a red face and specific examination clues (Figure 28.8).

Table 28.3 Specific investigations may be required to confirm diagnosis.

Chapter 29

Table 29.1 Approach to a patient with oral and/or genital disease.

Table 29.2 Causes and examples of genital skin diseases.

Table 29.3 Causes and examples of oral diseases.

Chapter 30

Table 30.1 Approach to a patient with nail disease.

Table 30.2 Approach to a patient with hair disease.

Table 30.3 Causes and examples of nail disease.

Table 30.4 Causes and examples of diseases leading to excess hair growth.

Table 30.5 Causes and examples of hair loss (alopecia).

Chapter 31

Table 31.1 Skin manifestations of the newborn.

Table 31.2 Differentiating features between vascular malformations and infantile ...

Chapter 32

Table 32.1 Approach to a child with a rash.

Table 32.2 Clues to diagnosis based on the morphology of the rash in a child.

Chapter 33

Table 33.1 Skin problems in pregnancy.

Table 33.2 Differentiation between pregnancy‐related dermatoses.

Chapter 34

Table 34.1 Skin diseases in the elderly.

Table 34.2 Possible causes of xerosis and pruritus in the elderly.

Chapter 35

Table 35.1 Indications for patch testing.

Table 35.2 Common examples of allergens tested.

Chapter 36

Table 36.1 Types of hand eczema and other differentials.

Table 36.2 Occupations predisposed to hand irritation (and causes).

Table 36.3 Occupations predisposed to allergy (and causes).

Table 36.4 Treatment for hand eczema.

Chapter 37

Table 37.1 Causes of urticaria.

Table 37.2 Enquiries for history taking in urticaria.

Table 37.3 Investigations in urticaria.

Table 37.4 Drug treatments.

Table 37.5 Types of physical urticaria.

Chapter 38

Table 38.1 Classification of benign lesions based on derivation.

Chapter 39

Table 39.1 Risk factors for developing non‐melanoma skin cancers (NMSC).

Table 39.2 Poor prognostic indicators in non‐melanoma skin cancers.

Chapter 40

Table 40.1 Malignant Melanoma (MM) diagnostic checklists.

Table 40.2 Key features of MM on dermoscopy (Figure 40.2 and Chapter 11).

Table 40.3 Main types of primary melanoma.

Chapter 42

Table 42.1 Tanning.

Table 42.2 Tattoos (Figure 42.1).

Table 42.3 Drugs causing pigmentation.

Chapter 43

Table 43.1 Clinical signs of photoageing.

Table 43.2 Sun protective measures.

Chapter 44

Table 44.1 Skin phototypes.

Table 44.2 Skin diseases commonly treated with ultraviolet radiation B (UVB).

Table 44.3 Skin diseases commonly treated with PUVA photochemotherapy.

Table 44.4 Potential side effects of phototherapy.

Chapter 45

Table 45.1 Classification of photodermatoses.

Table 45.2 Approach to a patient with a suspected photodermatosis.

Table 45.3 Classification of porphyrias.

Chapter 46

Table 46.1 Skin and systemic disease in other chapters.

Chapter 47

Table 47.1 Classification of vasculitis.

Table 47.2 Causes of small vessel vasculitis.

Table 47.3 Tests to investigate vasculitis.

Chapter 48

Table 48.1 Common skin manifestations of HIV/AIDS.

Table 48.2 Skin conditions associated with immunosuppression.

Chapter 49

Table 49.1 Skin disease aggravated/provoked by psychological problems.

Chapter 51

Table 51.1 Glogau photoageing classification. (This classification refers to pati...

Table 51.2 Commonest cosmetic dermatology conditions, treatments and indications.

Table 51.3 Common treatments for facial rejuvenation.

Chapter 52

Table 52.1 Causes of leg ulceration.

Table 52.2 How to use Doppler to measure Ankle Brachial Pressure Index (ABPI).

Table 52.3 The four phases of wound healing (Orstead et al. 2011).

Table 52.4 Features to distinguish arterial ulcers from venous ulcers (Newton, 20...

Table 52.5 Burns assessment.

Chapter 53

Table 53.1 Examples of hereditary skin disease and their mode of inheritance.

Table 53.2 What to do when a hereditary skin disease is suspected.

Table 53.3 Characteristics of some inherited ichthyoses.

Table 53.4 The main types of epidermolysis bullosa (EB).

List of Illustrations

Chapter 1

Figure 1.1

Influences on Clinical Decision‐Taking

Chapter 3

Figure 3.1

Frontispiece of the first dermatology textbook in English,

1726 e...

Figure 3.2

Pemphigus foliaceus,

from

Atlas of Skin Diseases

, Sydenham Societ...

Figure 3.3

Alopecia areata,

from

Atlas of Skin Diseases

, Sydenham Society, l...

Figure 3.4

‘Cleopatra's Needle’.

The plaque commemorates the...

Figure 3.5

Dr John Pringle

(1855–1923), who described adenoma sebaceum, ‘Pri...

Figure 3.6

Moulage of lupus vulgaris and cutaneous horn,

from John Pringle's...

Chapter 4

Figure 4.1

Cross‐section of skin.

Figure 4.2

Diagram of epidermal cell migration.

Figure 4.3

Histology of normal skin.

Figure 4.4

Skin functions.

Figure 4.5

Nail anatomy.

Figure 4.6

The hair cycle.

Figure 4.7

Variations across the body.

Chapter 5

Figure 5.1

The ripple effect

.

Figure 5.2

A question from the Children's Dermatology Life Quality Index (CD

...

Figure 5.3

The Greater Patient: the lives of the partner and family are also

...

Figure 5.4

Ways in which the lives of partner and family, the Greater Patien

...

Chapter 6

Figure 6.1 For the next few minutes, my only concern is the patient in this ...

Chapter 7

Figure 7.1

How to structure your skin examination.

Figure 7.2

Aids to examination.

Figure 7.3

Meanings of common terms.

Chapter 8

Figure 8.1

Differential diagnosis of rashes based on affected body site(s).

Chapter 9

Figure 9.1

Anatomy of the face

to show location of branches of the facial ne...

Figure 9.2

Benign mole removed by shave excision

with half blade and haemost...

Figure 9.3 (a)

4 mm punch biopsy.

(b)

Punch biopsy on cheek.

Figure 9.4

Punch biopsy

: stretch the skin (a), at right angles to the intend...

Figure 9.5 (a)

Curette.

(b)

Curette with sharp margin used on cheek.

Figure 9.6

Types of skin biopsies.

Figure 9.7

Skin tumour marked with 5 mm margin and ready for full ellipse ex

...

Chapter 10

Figure 10.1

Cryogun.

Figure 10.2

Pulse dye laser to treat vascular lesion on leg.

Figure 10.3a and b

Axillary hyperhidrosis treated with multiple botulinum to

...

Figure 10.3c and d

Botulinum toxin for scalp hyperhidrosis

.

Figure 10.4a

Glomus tumour under nail plate marked prior to surgery.

Figure 10.4b

Nail reflected under ring block and biopsy taken of tumour.

Figure 10.5

Mohs’ surgery. The tumour is debulked with curettage. A thin pla

...

Chapter 11

Figure 11.1

How Dermoscopy works.

(a) Normally, most light rays falling on t...

Figure 11.2a and b

Wickham's striae in lichen planus seen clearly with dermo

...

Figure 11.3a and b

The lines and holes forming the network are symmetrical i

...

Figure 11.4a and b

Globules (clods) seen throughout this benign compound nae

...

Figure 11.5a and b

The peripheral globules (and the asymmetrical network) ma

...

Figure 11.6a and b

Short lines emerging from a structureless black blotch is

...

Figure 11.7a and b

Dermoscopy highlights the homogenous blue pigment in this

...

Figure 11.8a and b

Focused branching (arborizing) vessels are clear with der

...

Figure 11.9a and b

Dermoscopy of this SCC shows structureless white areas (k

...

Figure 11.10a and b

A sharply demarcated pigmented plaque with comedo‐like o

...

Figure 11.11a and b

Numerous dotted vessels and white scales are nicely seen

...

Figure 11.12a and b

With dermoscopy of this facial actinic keratosis, the sc

...

Figure 11.13a and b

This lesion clinically has many differentials but dermos

...

Chapter 12

Figure 12.1

The FingerTip Unit (FTU).

Figure 12.2

A handprint area.

Figure 12.3

The rule of hand.

Figure 12.4

Number of FTUs needed to cover different areas.

Figure 12.5

Eczema herpeticum

: widespread herpes simplex infection of atopic...

Figure 12.6

Tinea incognito

: fungal infection wrongly treated with topical s...

Figure 12.7

Cellulitis

: topical steroids partly suppress the inflammation, b...

Figure 12.8

Sea of nonadherence.

Chapter 13

Figure 13.1

Application of moisturisers.

Figure 13.2

Application of coal tar.

Figure 13.3

(a) Dithranol. (b) Application of dithranol.

Figure 13.4

Zinc impregnated bandaging.

(a) Either moisturisers or topical c...

Figure 13.5

Infliximab infusion for severe psoriasis.

Figure 13.6

Iontophoresis of the (a) hands and (b) feet.

Figure 13.7

Application of topical cantharidin to a viral wart.

Chapter 14

Figure 14.1

Mechanisms of action for common systemic therapies

. (a) Methotre...

Figure 14.2

Systemic steroid side effects

.

Chapter 15

Figure 15.1

Guttate psoriasis: multiple small lesions.

Figure 15.2

Typical plaques of psoriasis.

Figure 15.3

Psoriasis plaque on elbow.

Figure 15.4

Very widespread plaques

over the back of a child.

Figure 15.5

Typical sites of psoriasis.

Figure 15.6

Flexural psoriasis:

symmetrical shiny red areas with minimal sca...

Figure 15.7

Yellow separation

(onycholysis) and pitting of nail.

Figure 15.8

Scalp psoriasis:

clear red edge and much silvery scale.

Figure 15.9

Scalp psoriasis

showing scale adherent to hairs – pityriasis ami...

Figure 15.10

Erythrodermic psoriasis –

widespread over back.

Figure 15.11

Generalised pustular psoriasis

involving the shin.

Figure 15.12

Palmoplantar pustulosis –

typical pustules on palm.

Figure 15.13

Psoriatic arthritis.

Figure 15.14

Key aspects of psoriasis pathogenesis.

Figure 15.15

Histology of psoriasis.

Chapter 16

Figure 16.1

Acute infantile AD on the face.

Figure 16.2

(a) Child with widespread acute AD and (b) close‐up of the typic

...

Figure 16.3

AD of the face and upper trunk in an adult.

Figure 16.4

(a) Chronic eczema of the legs and (b) close‐up of the lichenifi

...

Figure 16.5

The aetiology of AD.

Figure 16.6

Eczema herpeticum on the face.

Figure 16.7

Striae due to prolonged use of potent topical corticosteroids.

Chapter 17

Figure 17.1

Severe psoriasis of both palms

causing functional and psychologi...

Figure 17.2

Vitiligo of the abdominal wall –

note the contrast between...

Figure 17.3

Alopecia areata of the scalp.

Figure 17.4

Pathogenesis of acne.

Figure 17.5

Open comedones and pustules.

Figure 17.6

Severe nodular, cystic scarring acne.

Figure 17.7

Close‐up of severe acne –

note the comedones, pustul...

Figure 17.8

Keloid scar formation following severe acne.

Chapter 18

Figure 18.1

Characteristic lesions.

Figure 18.2

Sites affected by hidradenitis suppurativa.

Figure 18.3

Hurley staging.

Figure 18.4

Rope‐like scarring.

Figure 18.5

Medical treatment algorithm.

Figure 18.6

Wide local excision of the axilla.

Figure 18.7

Secondary intention wound healing of axillary wound.

Chapter 19

Figure 19.1a

LP on ankle.

Figure 19.1b

Typical LP shiny papules on wrist.

Figure 19.1c

Nail LP.

Figure 19.2a and b

Wickham's striae on leg.

Figure 19.3

Mucosal LP with Wickham's striae in mouth.

Figure 19.4

Histology of LP (H&E).

Figure 19.5a

Typical pityriasis rosea.

Figure 19.5b

Note fine scaly patches.

Figure 19.5c and d

Herald patch.

Chapter 20

Figure 20.1

Erythrodermic patient.

Figure 20.2

Close‐up view of erythroderma.

Figure 20.3

Histology of TEN (H&E ×20),

characterised by full thickne...

Figure 20.4

Detachment of epidermis in TEN.

Figure 20.5

Stomatitis due to SJS.

Figure 20.6

Angioedema of the lips.

Chapter 21

Figure 21.1

Schematic diagram of the skin basement membrane (BM).

Figure 21.2

Phytophotodermatitis –

note the linear urticated lesions a...

Figure 21.3

Bullous pemphigoid –

note the tense blisters, some of whic...

Figure 21.4

Histology of bullous pemphigoid –

note the subepidermal bl...

Figure 21.5

Direct immunofluorescence (IMF) of bullous pemphigoid –

no...

Figure 21.6a and b

Pemphigus vulgaris

– blisters are fragile and therefore o...

Figure 21.7

Dermatitis herpetiformis

– itchy vesicles and small blisters typ...

Chapter 22

Figure 22.1

Fixed drug eruption

(a) brown oval plaque (b) blister.

Figure 22.2

Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms.

Figure 22.3

Erythema multiforme note the erythematous target‐like lesions.

...

Chapter 23

Figure 23.1

Cellulitis: spreading erythema.

Figure 23.2

Erysipelas of face.

Figure 23.3

Impetigo.

Figure 23.4

Folliculitis.

Figure 23.5

Healing furuncle (boil).

Figure 23.6

Intertrigo: inflammation in skin folds.

Figure 23.7

Pitted keratolysis: ‘moth‐eaten’ appearance.

Figure 23.8

Fish tank granuloma between fingers with proximal spread.

Chapter 24

Figure 24.1a

Warts on fingers.

Figure 24.1b and c

Plantar warts.

Figure 24.1d

Viral wart with bleeding points

(capillaries).

Figure 24.1e

Wart on upper lip.

Figure 24.2

Periungual viral wart.

Figure 24.3a and b

Herpes simplex virus (HSV)

keratitis/ulcers seen with sli...

Figure 24.4a

Neonatal eczema herpeticum on face.

Figure 24.4b

HSV infection on adult face.

Figure 24.5a

HSV around lips.

Figure 24.5b

HSV on hand.

Figure 24.5c

HSV fingers

– note haemorrhagic areas.

Figure 24.6a

Herpes zoster infection on arm.

Figure 24.6b

Herpes zoster on leg.

Chapter 25

Figure 25.1

Where fungal infections happen.

Figure 25.2

Microscopic appearance.

Figure 25.3

Hair fungal infection.

Figure 25.4

Pityriasis versicolor

– pale areas on back.

Figure 25.5

Pityriasis versicolor

– close up with fine scale.

Figure 25.6

Seborrhoeic dermatitis

– scaling eyebrow.

Figure 25.7

Tinea pedis

– scaling of sole.

Figure 25.8

Onychomycosis

– yellowing and separation of nail from nail bed....

Figure 25.9

Onychomycosis

– superficial white changes.

Figure 25.10

Tinea corporis

– circular area over abdomen.

Figure 25.11

Tinea corporis

– close up of edge showing redness and scaling....

Figure 25.12

Tinea capitis in child.

Figure 25.13

Kerion

– tinea capitis from cattle.

Chapter 26

Figure 26.1

Life cycle of

Sarcoptes scabiei

.

Figure 26.2

Schematic diagram of adult female scabies mite burrowing into th

...

Figure 26.3

Scabetic burrows on the foot of a child.

Figure 26.4

Crusted scabies of the foot.

Figure 26.5

Life cycle of

Pediculus humanus capitis

(head lice).

Chapter 27

Figure 27.1

Life cycle of hookworms causing cutaneous larva migrans.

Figure 27.2

Cutaneous larva migrans

– note the characteristic extending serp...

Figure 27.3

Cutaneous leishmaniasis.

Figure 27.4

Leprosy.

(a) Note erythematous plaque on bridge of nose and thic...

Chapter 28

Figure 28.1a

Typical rosacea.

Figure 28.1b

Note marked telangiectasia.

Figure 28.1c

Note central facial distribution.

Figure 28.1d

Severe rosacea with marked inflammation.

Figure 28.2

Rhinophyma of nose with distortion of shape

– can progress gradu...

Figure 28.3

Eczema on face.

Figure 28.4

Seborrhoeic dermatitis affecting eyebrows.

Figure 28.5

Scaly psoriasis plaques, sharp borders near scalp margin.

Figure 28.6a

Contact dermatitis to preservatives can affect eyelids.

Figure 28.6b

Contact dermatitis to cosmetic products used on face.

Figure 28.7a

Thick plaques of discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) confirmed on

...

Figure 28.7b

Telangiectasia and follicular plugging on right cheek.

Figure 28.8

Specific sites commonly affected.

Chapter 29

Figure 29.1

Lichen sclerosus of the vulva and perianal skin

– note the pallo...

Figure 29.2

Lichen planus of the buccal mucosa

– note the typical white reti...

Figure 29.3

Lichen planus of the gingival mucosa

– the gums may develop pain...

Figure 29.4

Cicatricial pemphigoid of the palate

– note the haemorrhagic bli...

Chapter 30

Figure 30.1a–g

Nail diseases:

(a) Nail psoriasis:

Note the pitting of the p...

Figure 30.2 a and b

Diseases causing excess hair:

(a) Hirsutism:

Dark, coar...

Figure 30.3a–f

Hair loss (alopecia):

(a) Alopecia areata.

(b) Alopecia are

...

Chapter 31

Figure 31.1

Cutis marmorata.

Figure 31.2

Mongolian blue spot on the lower back.

Figure 31.3

Vascular malformation

(port wine stain).

Figure 31.4

An infantile haemangioma.

Figure 31.5

A regressing infantile haemangioma.

Figure 31.6

Congenital melanocytic naevus

– note the hair and variable pigme...

Chapter 32

Figure 32.1

Atopic eczema.

Figure 32.2

Psoriasis.

Figure 32.3

Molluscum contagiosum.

Figure 32.4

Linear IgA bullous disease

– note the distribution of blisters i...

Figure 32.5

Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome

(SSSS).

Figure 32.6

Urticaria pigmentosa

(

UP

).

Figure 32.7

Henoch–Schönlein purpura.

Figure 32.8

Meningococcal septicaemia

– note the petechiae and purpura.

Chapter 33

Figure 33.1

Spider naevus

– benign telangiectasia with a central arteriole t...

Figure 33.2

Melasma on the face

– hyperpigmentation, commonly seen on the fa...

Figure 33.3

Benign skin tags.

Figure 33.4

Pyogenic granuloma.

Figure 33.5

Malignant melanoma.

Figure 33.6

Polymorphic eruption of pregnancy

– note the characteristic peri...

Chapter 34

Figure 34.1

Multiple skin lesions including basal carcinomas

and solar kerat...

Figure 34.2

Delayed presentation of a large squamous cell carcinoma

on the r...

Figure 34.3

Chronic venous ulcer with surrounding stasis eczema

of the lower...

Figure 34.4

Eroding nodular basal cell carcinoma

of the nose due to delayed ...

Figure 34.5

Large plaque psoriasis on the buttocks

where the patient had dif...

Figure 34.6

Multiple Campbell de Morgan spots.

Figure 34.7

Delayed presentation of a nodular malignant melanoma

on the fore...

Figure 34.8

Xerosis.

Chapter 35

Figure 35.1

Mechanisms of type I and type IV allergy.

Figure 35.2

Overlap of dermatitis types.

Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD),

Figure 35.3

Hand eczema.

Figure 35.4

Irritant contact dermatitis

(ICD)

– note scaling in web spaces....

Figure 35.5

Severe pompholyx with vesicles.

Figure 35.6

Patches ready to apply.

Figure 35.7

Patches applied to back.

Figure 35.8

Nickel allergy with vesicles.

Figure 35.9

Strong hair dye allergy with blisters.

Figure 35.10

Multiple positive skin prick test reactions (circled).

Chapter 36

Figure 36.1a

Thickened, sharp edged, scaly psoriasis plaques on palms.

Figure 36.1b

Note painful fissures on hand.

Figure 36.1c

Hyperkeratotic psoriasis at friction sites.

Figure 36.1d

Typical silvery scaling on dorsum hand.

Figure 36.1e and f

Severe pustulosis with brown macules.

Figure 36.2a and b

Hyperkeratotic eczema.

Figure 36.3a and b

Tinea manuum in manual worker.

Figure 36.4

Note itchy vesicles on palm.

Figure 36.5

Irritant contact dermatitis in a hairdresser.

Figure 36.6

Dominant hand of florist with chrysanthemum allergy.

Figure 36.7

Apron pattern in endogenous eczema

, i.e. like an ‘apron on two l...

Chapter 37

Figure 37.1

Histology

(H&E ×60).

Figure 37.2 a and b

Typical urticaria on trunk.

Figure 37.3

Annular urticaria.

Figure 37.4a and b Angioedema of upper lip with marked swelling.

Figure 37.5

Angioedema of eyelids.

Chapter 38

Figure 38.1

Junctional naevus

– flat and dark.

Figure 38.2

Compound naevus

– raised and dark.

Figure 38.3

Intradermal naevus

– raised and skin coloured.

Figure 38.4

Freckles.

Figure 38.5

Solar lentigo

– regular shaped pigmented macule.

Figure 38.6

Lentigo maligna

– irregular pigmented area. Needs skin biopsy.

Figure 38.7

Seborrhoeic wart.

Figure 38.8

Pigmented seborrhoeic wart.

Figure 38.9a

Epidermoid cyst with punctum.

Figure 38.9b

Large pilar cyst on scalp.

Figure 38.10

Dermatofibroma

– can be pigmented.

Figure 38.11a and b

Skin tags.

Figure 38.12a

Cutaneous horn on cheek.

Figure 38.12b

Cutaneous horn on ear.

Figure 38.13a and b

Solar keratoses on scalp and closeup.

Figure 38.14a and b

Bowen's disease.

Figure 38.15

Mole evolution.

Chapter 39

Figure 39.1

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC)

– note typical telangiectasia and shi...

Figure 39.2

Longstanding BCC with ulceration and pigmentation.

Figure 39.3a and b

Superficial BCC on left leg

– needs biopsy to confirm dia...

Figure 39.4a and b

III‐defined morphoeic BCCs on nose.

Figure 39.5

BCC histology (H&E ×20).

Figure 39.6a

Multiple squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) on scalp.

Figure 39.6b

Solitary SCC on nose.

Figure 39.7

SCC histology (H&E ×10).

Figure 39.8

SCC ready for full ellipse excision.

Figure 39.9

Keratoacanthoma (KA)

– note central keratin plug and crater.

Figure 39.10

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC).

Figure 39.11

Non‐melanoma skin cancer common sites.

Chapter 40

Figure 40.1

Note moles larger and darker than others.

Figure 40.2

Dermatoscope features

of MM (Table 40.2).

Figure 40.3

Breslow thickness

determines prognosis by measuring depth from t...

Figure 40.4

MM pathology (H&E ×40).

Figure 40.5

Note 1 cm margin for excision.

Figure 40.6

Superficial spreading MM

– note asymmetry of lesion.

Figure 40.7

Nodular MM

– note multiple colours and raised palpable areas.

Figure 40.8

Acral MM

– note pigment in proximal nail fold.

Chapter 41

Figure 41.1a

Plaque and nodular stage cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL) on tr

...

Figure 41.1b

Note atrophy and scaling.

Figure 41.1c and d

Multiple nodules on legs, with closeup.

Figure 41.1e

Large ulcerating plaque.

Figure 41.2a

Perianal Paget's disease.

Figure 41.2b

Scrotal Paget's disease.

Figure 41.3a, b and c

Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) on feet with closeup.

Figure 41.4a and b

Metastases from malignant melanoma.

Chapter 42

Figure 42.1

Tattoo with reaction to red pigment.

Figure 42.2

Post‐inflammatory hypo‐ and hyper‐pigmentation from frequent rubbi

...

Figure 42.3

Vitiligo of upper eyelid in child.

Figure 42.4

Cheek with ill‐defined pale areas of pityriasis alba.

Figure 42.5

Halo naevus

–hypopigmentation around a mole.

Figure 42.6

Arms of child with oculo‐cutaneous albinism

between unaffect...

Figure 42.7

Melasma affecting forehead of woman.

Figure 42.8

Naevus of Ota

– pigmentation involving sclera and around eye.

Figure 42.9

Minocycline pigmentation of forehead.

Chapter 43

Figure 43.1a

Note irregular pigmentation, scaly solar keratoses.

Figure 43.1b

Deep wrinkling.

Figure 43.1c

Photoageing comedones.

Figure 43.2

Note areas of normal skin tanning with vitiligo spared.

Figure 43.3a and b

Common sunscreens used with ingredients listed.

Figure 43.4

Severe sun sensitivity requiring full body cover‐up with hat, sc

...

Chapter 44

Figure 44.1

The electromagnetic spectrum.

Figure 44.2

UVB cabinet.

Figure 44.3

A patient receiving PUVA to their feet.

(a) The patient soaks th...

Figure 44.4

A patient receiving photodynamic therapy (PDT).

Chapter 45

Figure 45.1

Phytophotodermatitis

–note the linear erythema/blisters at the sit...

Figure 45.2

Polymorphic light eruption (PLE)

– note the distribution of the ra...

Figure 45.3a and b

Chronic actinic dermatitis (CAD)

– note the eczematous rash...

Figure 45.4a and b

Actinic prurigo (AP)

–note the eczematous rash with papules...

Figure 45.5

Milia and subtle scars on the hand of a patient with porphyria cut

...

Figure 45.6

Hypertrichosis on the face of a female patient with PCT.

Figure 45.7

Blistering due to PCT.

Figure 45.8

Hands of a patient with congenital erythropoietic porphyria (CEP)

...

Figure 45.9

The back of a patient 24 hours following monochromator light testi

...

Chapter 46

Figure 46.1

How the skin and systemic disease interact.

Figure 46.2

Erythema nodosum

– ill‐defined, tender, red area.

Figure 46.3

Widespread purpura in a child.

Figure 46.4

Pyoderma gangrenosum with undermined edges.

Figure 46.5

Erythema multiforme on back.

Figure 46.6

Acanthosis nigricans in axilla.

Figure 46.7

Necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum.

Figure 46.8

Xanthelasma beneath eye.

Figure 46.9

Peutz–Jeghers syndrome

– pigmented areas on lower lip.

Figure 46.10

Sarcoidosis on nose.

Chapter 47

Figure 47.1a and b

Discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) with scaly plaques and

...

Figure 47.1c

Note follicular plugging.

Figure 47.2a

DLE.

Figure 47.2b

DLE on cheek with atrophy and scaling (closeup).

Figure 47.3a and b

Subacute LE with annular patches on chest/arms.

Figure 47.3c

Subacute LE on dorsum of hand.

Figure 47.4a and b

Nail fold capillary loops/telangiectasia.

Figure 47.5a and b

Sclerodactyly and calcinosis with closeup.

Figure 47.6a and b

Heliotrope rash in dermatomyositis with closeup.

Figure 47.6c and d

Rash in dermatomyositis on photoexposed areas, e.g. chest

...

Figure 47.6e

Gottron's papules on knuckles.

Figure 47.6f

Gottron's sign on elbow.

Figure 47.6g

Gottron's sign on knees.

Figure 47.6h

Nail fold changes and ragged cuticles with Gottron's papules.

...

Figure 47.7a

Vasculitis with palpable purpura on legs.

Figure 47.7b and c

Vasculitis on feet with closeup.

Figure 47.7d

Extensive vasculitis on buttocks and thighs.

Figure 47.7e

Severe ulceration post‐vasculitis.

Figure 47.7f

Urticarial vasculitis lasts > 24 hours confirmed with skin biop

...

Chapter 48

Figure 48.1

Systemic manifestations of HIV

.

Figure 48.2a and b

Oral hairy leukoplakia on lateral tongue border

.

Figure 48.3

Seborrhoeic dermatitis affecting eyebrows

.

Figure 48.4a and b

Kaposi's sarcoma on sole showing patch and nodule, with c

...

Figure 48.5a

Typical molluscum.

Figure 48.5b

Widespread molluscum in HIV.

Figure 48.5c

Note central dimples in molluscum papules.

Figure 48.5d

Molluscum on upper eyelid after topical steroid use.

Chapter 49

Figure 49.1

Mind–skin–interpersonal interaction.

Figure 49.2

Dermatitis artefacta

– ulcers.

Figure 49.3

Factitial purpura, caused by sucking on a glass.

Figure 49.4

Dermatitis artefacta

– odd shaped ulcerated areas left thigh.

Figure 49.5

How itch leads to nodular prurigo.

Figure 49.6

Lichen simplex on elbow

– thickening after frequent rubbing.

Figure 49.7

Nodular prurigo with excoriations.

Chapter 50

Figure 50.1

The four types of itch

.

Figure 50.2

The itch pathway

– skin generated itch.

Figure 50.3

The top five itchy skin diseases

.

Figure 50.4

Scabies

– on the palm.

Figure 50.5

Insect bites

– lower leg.

Figure 50.6

Dermatitis herpetiformis

– sacral area.

Figure 50.7

Eczema.

Figure 50.8

Urticaria.

Figure 50.9

Systemic (non‐skin) causes of itch

.

Chapter 51

Figure 51.1 (a) A 60‐year‐old patient with features of photodamage including...

Figure 51.2 (a) A 45‐year‐old patient with multiple inflamed papules and pus...

Chapter 52

Figure 52.1

Venous eczema with ill‐defined erythema and crusting.

Figure 52.2

Atrophie blanche at ankle.

Figure 52.3

Bilateral lipodermatosclerosis

– firm woody feel.

Figure 52.4

Venous ulcer at ankle with surrounding haemosiderin.

Figure 52.5

Arterial ulcer on dorsum of foot with surrounding cellulitis.

Figure 52.6

Neurotrophic ulcer

, distal sole.

Figure 52.7

Burn of palm.

Figure 52.8

Burn reaction to cryotherapy.

Figure 52.9

Rule of Nines

, rough percentages to assess area of burns.

Chapter 53

Figure 53.1

Ichthyosis vulgaris

– note the fine scaling on the trunk.

Figure 53.2

X‐linked recessive ichthyosis

– note the dark scales on th...

Figure 53.3

Bullous ichthyosiform erythroderma.

(a) Note the generalised ery...

Figure 53.4

Darier's disease affecting the chest wall.

Figure 53.5

Notching of the distal nail plate in Darier's disease.

Figure 53.6

Café‐au‐lait macules in neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1).

...

Figure 53.7

Neurofibroma in neurofibromatosis (NF1).

Figure 53.8

Incontinentia pigmenti (IP).

(a) Note the blisters on an erythem...

Guide

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Dermatology at a Glance

Second Edition

Mahbub M.U. Chowdhury

MBChB, FRCP, FAcadMEd

Consultant Dermatologist and Honorary Senior Lecturer

The Welsh Institute of Dermatology

University Hospital of Wales

Cardiff, UK

Ruwani P. Katugampola

BM, FRCP, MD (Cardiff)

Consultant Dermatologist

The Welsh Institute of Dermatology

University Hospital of Wales

Cardiff, UK

Andrew Y. Finlay

CBE, MBBS, FRCP (London), FRCP (Glasgow)

Professor of Dermatology

Division of Infection and Immunity

Cardiff University School of Medicine

Cardiff, UK

This edition first published 2020© 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd

Edition HistoryJohn Wiley & Sons (1e, 2013)

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The rights of Mahbub M.U. Chowdhury, Ruwani P. Katugampola, and Andrew Y. Finlay to be identified as the authors of this work has been asserted in accordance with law.

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Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of WarrantyThe contents of this work are intended to further general scientific research, understanding, and discussion only and are not intended and should not be relied upon as recommending or promoting scientific method, diagnosis, or treatment by physicians for any particular patient. In view of ongoing research, equipment modifications, changes in governmental regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to the use of medicines, equipment, and devices, the reader is urged to review and evaluate the information provided in the package insert or instructions for each medicine, equipment, or device for, among other things, any changes in the instructions or indication of usage and for added warnings and precautions. While the publisher and authors have used their best efforts in preparing this work, they make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this work and specifically disclaim all warranties, including without limitation any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. No warranty may be created or extended by sales representatives, written sales materials or promotional statements for this work. The fact that an organization, website, or product is referred to in this work as a citation and/or potential source of further information does not mean that the publisher and authors endorse the information or services the organization, website, or product may provide or recommendations it may make. This work is sold with the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering professional services. The advice and strategies contained herein may not be suitable for your situation. You should consult with a specialist where appropriate. Further, readers should be aware that websites listed in this work may have changed or disappeared between when this work was written and when it is read. Neither the publisher nor authors shall be liable for any loss of profit or any other commercial damages, including but not limited to special, incidental, consequential, or other damages.

Library of Congress Cataloging‐in‐Publication Data

Names: Chowdhury, Mahbub M. U., author. | Katugampola, Ruwani P., author. | Finlay, Andrew Y., author.Title: Dermatology at a glance / Mahbub M.U. Chowdhury, Ruwani P. Katugampola, Andrew Y. Finlay.Description: Second edition. | Hoboken, NJ : Wiley, [2020] | Series: At a glance series | Includes bibliographical references and index. | Identifiers: LCCN 2019014351 (print) | LCCN 2019015534 (ebook) | ISBN 9781119392651 (Adobe PDF) | ISBN 9781119392729 (ePub) | ISBN 9781119392613 (pbk.)Subjects: | MESH: Skin Diseases | Dermatology–methods | HandbookClassification: LCC RL71 (ebook) | LCC RL71 (print) | NLM WR 39 | DDC 616.5–dc23LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2019014351

Cover Design: WileyCover Image: Courtesy of Cardiff and Vale NHS Trust

Preface to the Second Edition

The first edition of Dermatology at a Glance was highly commended at the BMA Book Awards. We received excellent feedback from a wide readership including medical students, nurses, general practitioners, and postgraduate doctors, and so we decided to keep to the similar overall structure of the book for the second edition. We have included readers' suggestions such as more basic science and therapeutics, expansion of the clinical picture quiz section both online and in the book, and all diagrams, many photos and tables have been revised and enlarged for clarity where possible.

Dermatology is currently expanding at an exciting pace with new research findings and powerful new treatments such as the biologics. So we have updated all the chapters and expanded some, such as the chapters on topical drugs, psoriasis, blistering skin diseases, skin infestations, nail and hair diseases, and hereditary skin diseases. New diagrams and photos have been added where needed.

Extra chapters on dermoscopy (Dr Ausama Atwan), hidradenitis suppurativa (Dr John Ingram), cosmetic dermatology (Dr Maria Gonzalez), diagnostic pathways, systemic therapies, drug reactions, and pruritus have been added to further aid the reader in diagnosing and managing skin conditions and to stay up‐to‐date with new developments. The three new invited chapter authors are all working now or recently in the academic dermatology department in Cardiff. They are all recognised experts in their subject areas and have been a fantastic addition to the team.

We hope you enjoy this second edition!

Mahbub M.U. Chowdhury

Ruwani P. Katugampola

Andrew Y. Finlay

Cardiff

April 2019

Preface to the First Edition

This book is especially designed for medical students, general practitioners, and nurses with a special interest in dermatology. You will find all the facts to help you pass dermatology undergraduate exams. It is also a great starting point when studying for higher exams such as the MRCP or MRCGP. It gives you the basics in clear, understandable language and then builds on them.

All you need to know about each topic is presented on one open spread. This attractive double page layout is an ideal format for studying and revising. This book uses all the experience that has made the ‘At a Glance’ series highly successful. Clear original diagrams and tables make complex subjects simple and there are over 300 clinical photographs. We have highlighted any key points and specific clinical warnings across the book. There is a Best of the Web section to guide your online dermatology searches.

Dermatology at a Glance is written by three experts in clinical dermatology, who have special expertise in skin allergy, paediatric dermatology, medical dermatology, and quality of life. They are all based in the Cardiff Dermatology Department, which is known internationally as a world leader in dermatology education (www.dermatology.org.uk).

Clinical dermatology is a fascinating subject. We hope that reading this book will help you become as enthusiastic as we are about the largest organ in the body, the skin, and its clinical challenges.

Mahbub M.U. Chowdhury

Ruwani P. Katugampola

Andrew Y. Finlay

Cardiff

January 2013

About the Authors

Mahbub M.U. Chowdhury MBChB, FRCP, FAcadMEd

Dr Chowdhury was Academic Vice President of the British Association of Dermatologists and Chair of the Education Subcommittee from July 2017 to 2019 and has led UK Dermatology education, research, and training policy. Since 2016, he has been Chair of the RCP Dermatology Specialty Exam Board and has played a key role in setting standards for this international exam since the inaugural exam board in 2009.

As Committee Member of the British Society for Cutaneous Allergy, he has written the postgraduate cutaneous allergy curriculum and supervised the first UK fellowship in cutaneous allergy. He is an international expert in skin allergy and has over 100 published articles and book chapters and has co‐edited two other textbooks.

He has over 20 years of experience in dermatology teaching for medical and postgraduate students and was the Chairman for dermatology registrar training in Wales. His research interests include latex allergy, occupational dermatology, contact dermatitis, and medical education and training for all grades of healthcare professionals including nurses and physician associates. In recognition of his teaching and research contributions, he was appointed as Honorary Senior Lecturer at Cardiff University in 2019.

Ruwani P. Katugampola BM, MD (Cardiff), FRCP