FASD 2013 EPIDEMIOLOGY E-Book

Ekkehart Paditz

• Herausgeber: kleanthes Verlag für Medizin und Prävention
• Kategorie: Fachliteratur
• Sprache: Englisch

Seitenzahl: 74

Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2013

Beschreibung

Current analysis of FASD epidemiology and the prevalence of maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy in the last five years from 2008/2009 to 2012 show from an active case search that in elementary schools, at least one child with FASD per class (1:21–25) must be expected (Italy, MAY 2011; Croatia, PETKOVIC 2010). Population-based studies on the state or federal level reveal a significantly lower frequency (Germany, Paditz 2012; Saxony-Anhalt/Deutschland, GOETZ & RISSMANN 2012 in this volume; Israel, Senecky 2009). Several indicators, such as maternal alcohol consumption in 14% of women from Israel, indicate that the real rate of incidence is higher. The range of incidence of prenatal alcohol exposure is found in national, cross-regional, or multicenter surveys of between 2.5% in Canada and 54% in Russia (PubMed 949 studies 2008–2012, including 21 studies from 13 countries with such surveys). Mono-centric studies showed similar rates of incidence between 6–29.5% (results from seven countries). Interviews with women from Australia (Aboriginal), New Zealand (Niue), the USA (Hispanic/ Latina) and Ukraine indicate that prenatal alcohol exposure is not only based on a lack of information about embryo and fetal toxic effects of alcohol, but that questions of self-image and the partnership between men and women contribute significantly to whether a woman enters into the vicious cycle of alcohol consumption or not. In the same way, it was found in Canada that the risk of maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy was increased 24-fold with the chronic abdominal pain of Colitis Ulcerosa. Alcoholism and smoking increased this risk “only” five or twofold, respectively (THAN & JOHNSON 2010). Epidemiology thus represents an essential tool for the detection of initial conditions at the regional or national level, as well as for the evaluation of the effects of intervention, including the assessment of relevant resources that are required for the care of people with FASD. International comparisons are a contributor, in that the experiences of other countries are taken up, as well as benchmark projects are initiated. Epidemiology relies on well-defined diagnoses. A list of differential diagnostics for FASD with more than 25 relevant diagnoses pointed to the possibility of false positive results. Geneticists from Manchester (UK) found in 8.75% (7/80) of questionable FASD cases, other diagnoses for which existing symptoms could be held responsible (DOUZGOU 2012). Subtle clinical observations offered similar results in 1957 and 1968 in France in FAS first accounts from ROQUETTE and LEMOINE; also likely, set against the background of France in the 50s and 60s of the 20th century, France exhibited the highest alcohol consumption world-wide, as well as that, in this period, the incidence of congenital syphilis in numerous countries declined significantly.

Leseprobe

FASD 2013 – Epidemiology

of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders and Prenatal Alcohol Exposure

Current results of the last 5 years from 2008/20009 to 2012 from Australia, Brazil, Germany, France, Ghana, Great Britain, Israel, Japan, Canada, Korea, Columbia, New Zealand, Poland, Romania, Russia, Sweden, Uganda, Uruguay, USA

Prof. Dr. Ekkehart Paditz, MD Center for Applied Prevention Dresden, Germany

In cooperation with

Dr. Anke Rissmann, MD Magdenormalrg University Hospital Monitoring of Congenital Malformations Saxony-Anhalt

Dipl.-Ing. Dorit Goetz Monitoring of Congenital Malformations Saxony-Anhalt Faculty of Medicine of the Otto-von-Guericke University

Foreword by

Imprint

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©2013 kleanthes Publishing for Medicine and Prevention GmbH & Co. KG, Dresden

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Bibliographic information of the German National Library: The German National Library lists this publication in the German National Bibliography/Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic information is available online at http://dnb.d-nb.de

ISBN 978-3-942622-10-3

kleanthes Publishing for Medicine and Prevention, Dresden

FASD 2013 Epidemiology – Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders and Prenatal Alcohol Exposure: Current results of the last 5 years from 2008/20009 to 2012 from Australia, Brazil, Germany, France, Ghana, Great Britain,

Israel, Japan, Canada, Korea, Columbia, New Zealand, Poland, Romania, Russia, Sweden, Uganda, Uruguay, USA

Translation: Melissa Dow, Seattle and Dresden Sales and Design: Bettina Lindner, Dresden

Illustration Proofs: Seminar Proceedings EUR 6112 ©EGKS-EWG-EAG, Brussels-Luxemnormalrg (Mortality from Liver Cirrhosis in Paris 1907–1957) with kind permission of the Publications Office of the European Union 17.10.2012

©Lorian Hayes, Bidjara Woman from Central Western Queensland Australia, with kind permission 18.10.2012 (painting, depicting the theme of alcohol use and FASD with the Aboriginals). Please note that the reproduction of this image has been approved by the artist only in connection with the German and English editions of this book.

Excerpt from: Lucas Cranach, the Elder. (1472–1553): Cranach Altar of the Wolfgangskirche (St. Wolfgang’s Church) in Schneeberg/Erzgebirge, Germany. Further information on the painting found in: Moehn, R.: Medicinal Considerations in the Cranach Altar of the St. Wolfgangskirche of Schneeberg/Erzgebirge. The Dermatologist 2002, 53:622–624.

Cover, Photo Credit: E. Paditz, Dresden 2012

Summary

Current analysis of FASD epidemiology and the prevalence of maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy in the last five years from 2008/2009 to 2012 show from an active case search that in elementary schools, at least one child with FASD per class (1:21–25) must be expected (Italy, MAY 2011; Croatia, PETKOVIC 2010). Population-based studies on the state or federal level reveal a significantly lower frequency (Germany, Paditz 2012; Saxony-Anhalt/Deutschland, GOETZ & RISSMANN 2012 in this volume; Israel, Senecky 2009). Several indicators, such as maternal alcohol consumption in 14% of women from Israel, indicate that the real rate of incidence is higher.

The range of incidence of prenatal alcohol exposure is found in national, cross-regional, or multi-center surveys of between 2.5% in Canada and 54% in Russia (PubMed 949 studies 2008–2012, including 21 studies from 13 countries with such surveys). Mono-centric studies showed similar rates of incidence between 6–29.5% (results from seven countries).

Interviews with women from Australia (Aboriginal), New Zealand (Niue), the USA (Hispanic/Latina) and Ukraine indicate that prenatal alcohol exposure is not only based on a lack of information about embryo and fetal toxic effects of alcohol, but that questions of self-image and the partnership between men and women contribute significantly to whether a woman enters into the vicious cycle of alcohol consumption or not. In the same way, it was found in Canada that the risk of maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy was increased 24-fold with the chronic abdominal pain of Colitis Ulcerosa. Alcoholism and smoking increased this risk “only” five or twofold, respectively (THAN & JOHNSON 2010).

Epidemiology thus represents an essential tool for the detection of initial conditions at the regional or national level, as well as for the evaluation of the effects of intervention, including the assessment of relevant resources that are required for the care of people with FASD. International comparisons are a contributor, in that the experiences of other countries are taken up, as well as benchmark projects are initiated.

Epidemiology relies on well-defined diagnoses. A list of differential diagnostics for FASD with more than 25 relevant diagnoses pointed to the possibility of false positive results. Geneticists from Manchester (UK) found in 8.75% (7/80) of questionable FASD cases, other diagnoses for which existing symptoms could be held responsible (DOUZGOU 2012). Subtle clinical observations offered similar results in 1957 and 1968 in France in FAS first accounts from ROQUETTE and LEMOINE; also likely, set against the background of France in the 50s and 60s of the 20th century, France exhibited the highest alcohol consumption world-wide, as well as that, in this period, the incidence of congenital syphilis in numerous countries declined significantly.

This volume is intended for physicians, nurses and caretakers, midwives, psychologists, and key persons working in health and education policy, as well as all other interested parties who deals with the subject of FASD and maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy.

ISBN 978-3-942622-10-3

USD 39,99

37,99 Euro (D)

38,30 Euro (A)

kleanthes, Dresden 2013

Authores

Dr. Ekkehart Paditz, M.D.

Center for Applied Prevention® Blasewitzer Str. 41 01307 Dresden Germany Tel. [phone] Fax [phone] [email protected]

Dr. Anke Rissmann, M.D.

Magdeburg University Children’s Clinic Monitoring of Congenital Malformations, Saxony-Anhalt* Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg Leipziger Str. 44 39120 Magdeburg Germany Tel.: [phone] Fax: [email protected]

Dorit Goetz, Engineer

Monitoring of Congenital Malformations, Saxony-Anhalt* Faculty of Medicine Otto-von-Guericke University, Magedeburg Leipziger Str. 44 39122 Magdeburg Germany Telefon: [phone] Fax: [phone] [email protected]

Dr James Fitzpatrick, MBBS, B.Sc

Telethon Institute for Child Health Research Perth, Australia The George Institute for Global Health Sydney Medical School Sydney, [email protected]

Contents

Foreword

Introduction

Epidemiology of FASD

Results from Australia, Germany, Israel, Italy Canada, Croatia and South Africa 2009–2012

Reports about FASD in Germany 1974–2012

Incidence in Saxony-Anhalt 1980–2010 (Nation-wide malformation monitoring)