Managing CO2 Emissions in the Chemical Industry E-Book

• Herausgeber: Wiley-VCH
• Kategorie: Fachliteratur
• Sprache: Englisch

Seitenzahl: 803

Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2010

Beschreibung

This unrivaled reference and handbook on this hot topic covers the technical and administrative aspects of CO2 emissions, with special reference to the chemical and petrochemical industry. It also discusses energy efficient design, cultural aspects and future developments, answering such questions along the way as:
- How can I measure and demonstrate the CO2 emissions linked to my production?
- How can I benefit from CO2 neutral investments using the UNFCCC frame?
- How can I reduce or avoid CO2 emissions by technical measures and new processes?
- If CO2 emissions cannot be avoided, how is the capture and storage of CO2 technically and economically feasible?
- What are the upcoming technical developments regarding CO2 reduction?
A highly useful, practical and essential information source on one of the most pressing environmental topics of our times.

Leseprobe

Table of Contents

Cover

Table of Contents

Half title page

Further Reading

Title page

Copyright page

Preface

List of Contributors

Trends in Energy and CO2 Reduction in the Chemical Process Industry

Part One: Administrative and Cultural Aspects

1 Analysis Methods for CO2 Balances

1.1 CO2 Balances and Carbon Footprints

1.2 Product Carbon Footprints (PCF)

1.3 Remarks and Summary

2 Managing the Regulatory Environment

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Overview of Climate Policy

2.3 Carbon Compliance for the Chemical Process Industry

2.4 Carbon Offsetting in the Chemical Industry

2.5 Positioning Industry for a Global Framework on Climate Change

3 Implementation of Energy Awareness in Plants

3.1 Energy Awareness and Environmental Sustainability

3.2 How to Raise Awareness and Change Behavior?

3.3 Individual and Organizational Change Processes

3.4 Sustain the Effort

Part Two: Energy Efficient Design and Production

4 Systematic Procedure for Energy and CO2 Reduction Projects

4.1 Overview

4.2 Definition of Scope and Task

4.3 Analysis

4.4 Idea Generation

4.5 Idea Evaluation

4.6 Sustainable Implementation

4.7 Case Study: The Bayer Climate Check

5 Sustainable Chemical Process Design

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Definition of Concepts

5.3 Methodology for Sustainable Process Design

5.4 SustainPro Software

5.5 Case Studies

5.6 Conclusions

6 Heat Integration and Pinch Analysis

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Heat Integration Basics

6.3 Introduction to Pinch Technology

6.4 Minimizing the Cost of Utilities

6.5 Process Synthesis

6.6 Revamping Heat Exchanger Networks

6.7 Other Applications of Pinch Technology

7 Energy Efficient Unit Operations and Processes

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Good Housekeeping

7.3 Centrifugal Pumps and Blowers

7.4 Distillation

7.5 Evaporation

7.6 Drying

7.7 Crystallization

7.8 Membrane Separation

7.9 Reaction and Entire Processes

7.10 Total Site Network

7.11 Advanced Process Control and Performance Monitoring

8 Energy Efficient Equipment

8.1 Introduction

8.2 Rotating Equipment

8.3 Fixed Equipment

9 Energy Efficient Refineries

9.1 Historical Evolution from Energy Conservation to Energy Efficiency in Refineries

9.2 Good Practices for Energy Conservation Programs

9.3 Awareness and Motivational Work

9.4 Saving Energy by Operation and Maintenance

9.5 Upgrading and New Projects for Better Energy Performance

9.6 Organizational Issues on Energy

9.7 Future and Environmental Concerns

9.8 Approach and Literature

10 Energy Efficient Utility Generation and Distribution

10.1 Characteristics

10.2 Common Utilities

10.3 Generating Systems

10.4 Utility Units

10.5 Distributing Systems

10.6 Design Aspects

10.7 Operational and Maintenance Aspects

10.8 Approach and Literatur

Part Three: Future Developments

11 Carbon Capture and Storage

11.1 Background

11.2 General Description of the Technology with its Components

11.3 Carbon Capture

11.4 CO2 Transport

11.5 CO2 storage

11.6 Efficiency and Economy Parameters of CCS

11.7 Upshot

12 CO2-Neutral Production – Fact or Fiction?

12.1 Introduction

12.2 Renewable Feedstocks

12.3 Industrial Biotechnological Processes

12.4 Expansion to Multiproduct Biorefineries

12.5 Determination of CO2 Emissions in Processes of Chemical Industry

12.6 The Three-Pillar Interpretation of Sustainability

12.7 Outlook

Index

Edited by

Hans-Joachim Leimkühler

Managing CO2 Emissions in the Chemical Industry

Further Reading

Aresta, M. (Ed.)

Carbon Dioxide as Chemical Feedstock

2010

ISBN: 978-3-527-32475-0

Anastas, P. T. (Ed.)

Handbook of Green Chemistry

12 volume set

ISBN: 978-3-527-31404-1

Battarbee, R., Binney, H. (Eds.)

Natural Climate Variability and Global Warming

A Holocene Perspective

2008

ISBN: 978-1-4051-5905-0

Coley, D.

Energy and Climate Change

Creating a Sustainable Future

2008

ISBN: 978-0-470-85312-2

Deublein, D., Steinhauser, A.

Biogas from Waste and Renewable Resources

An Introduction

2nd, revised and expanded edition

2010

ISBN: 978-3-527-32798-0

Centi, G., Trifiró, F., Perathoner, S., Cavani, F. (Eds.)

Sustainable Industrial Chemistry

2009

ISBN: 978-3-527-31552-9

The Editor

Dr. Hans-Joachim Leimkühler

Bayer Technology Services GmbH

Process Design

51368 Leverkusen

Germany

All books published by Wiley-VCH are carefully produced. Nevertheless, authors, editors, and publisher do not warrant the information contained in these books, including this book, to be free of errors. Readers are advised to keep in mind that statements, data, illustrations, procedural details or other items may inadvertently be inaccurate.

Library of Congress Card No.: applied for

British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data

A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.

Bibliographic information published bythe Deutsche Nationalbibliothek

The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data are available on the Internet at <http:// dnb.d-nb.de>.

© 2010 Wiley-VCH Verlag & Co. KGaA, Boschstr. 12, 69469 Weinheim, Germany

All rights reserved (including those of translation into other languages). No part of this book may be reproduced in any form – by photoprinting, microfilm, or any other means – nor transmitted or translated into a machine language without written permission from the publishers. Registered names, trademarks, etc. used in this book, even when not specifically marked as such, are not to be considered unprotected by law.

Cover Design Formgeber, Eppelheim

ISBN: 978-3-527-32659-4; ISBN: 9783527633647(ebk)

Preface

Dear Reader,

The aim of this book is to produce an integrated overview of the challenges facing companies operating in the chemical industry on account of climate change and the need for energy efficiency. Yet the two topics–climate change and energy efficiency–are not dealt with separately or simply side by side. The interdependencies that exist between the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and the cutting of energy consumption in production plants are simply too great.

For the anthology, it has been possible to win a group of scientists with a broad theoretical and application-oriented horizon. This ensures not only methodical penetration of the complex material, it also allows a very precise and detailed description of the technical measures necessary for achieving the environmental targets.

Although German authors took a leading role in many of the chapters, very profound and expert contributions have also been made by scientists from Denmark, UK, Portugal and Brazil.

This reflects the global background of climate protection and energy efficiency, and underlines the need to share and exchange knowledge and experience at a global level, now more than ever.

The scope of the book is, however, broader than normal. CO2 reduction and energy savings are not things that just ‘happen’ by themselves. They have to be prepared, organized and implemented, in other words, they have to be made effective via a management approach. A number of chapters deal explicitly with these important role model functions and managerial tasks.

But what is a book on climate change and energy without a vision and a challenge? The last two chapters are devoted to these topics. The articles on ‘Carbon Capture and Storage’ and ‘CO2-Neutral Production – Fact or Fiction’ describe trends and take an initial look at the possibilities for their technical implementation. It shows how fascinating and challenging climate protection and energy supply will be for the chemical industry in the coming decades.

The book is therefore targeted not only at the practitioner but also at the broad community of people interested in being kept expertly and graphically informed about the way to Low Carbon Production.

Progress towards climate protection and energy efficiency is possible and necessary. It is my hope and also my firm conviction that this anthology will stimulate ideas, examples and fresh impetus in this direction.

Dr. Wolfgang Große Entrup

Senior Vice President

Head of Group Area Environment & Sustainability

Bayer AG

List of Contributors

Carlos Augusto Arentz Pereira

Petroleo Brasileiro S.A.

Petrobras

Av. Almirante Barroso 81

Centro

Rio de Janeiro RJ 20031-004

Brazil

Thomas Böhland

Evonik Degussa GmbH

Weißfrauenstr. 9

60287 Frankfurt/M.

Germany

Benjamin Brehmer

Evonik Degussa GmbH

Creavis Technologies & Innovation

Paul-Baumann-Str. 1

45764 Marl

Germany

Ana Isabel Cerqueira de Sousa Gouveia Carvalho

Instituto Técnico

Lisboa

Portugal

Alan Eastwood

KBC Process Technology Ltd

KBC House

42-50 Hersham Road

Walton on Thames

Surrey KT12 1RZ

UK

Rafiqul Gani

Danmarks Tekniske Universitet

Institut for Kemiteknik

Computer Aided Process Engineering Center

Soltofts Plads

Bygning 227

2800 Lyngby

Denmark

Roger Grundy

Breckland Ltd

Beech House

Steep Turnpike

Matlock, Derbyshire DE4 3DP

UK

Birgit Himmelreich

Bayer Technology Services GmbH

51368 Leverkusen

Germany

Andreas Jupke

Bayer Technology Services GmbH

51368 Leverkusen

Germany

Jörn Korte

Bayer Technology Services GmbH

51368 Leverkusen

Germany

Christos Lecou

Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster

Leonardo Campus 1

48159 Münster

Germany

Hans-Joachim Leimkühler

Bayer Technology Services GmbH

Process Design Geb. E41

51368 Leverkusen

Germany

Henrique A. Matos

Instituto Superior Técnico

Lisboa

Portugal

Zoran Milosevic

KBC Process Technology Ltd

KBC House

42-50 Hersham Road

Walton on Thames

Surrey KT12 1RZ

UK

Susanne Mütze-Niewöhner

RWTH Aachen

Lehrstuhl und Institut für Arbeitswissenschaft

Human Resource Management

Bergdriesch 27

52062 Aachen

Germany

Stefan Nordhoff

Evonik Degussa GmbH

Creavis Technologies & Innovation

Paul-Baumann-Str. 1

45764 Marl

Germany

Markus Röwenstrunk

RWTH Aachen

Lehrstuhl und Institut für Arbeitswissenschaft

Human Resource Management

Bergdriesch 27

52062 Aachen

Germany

Yvonne Schiemann

Evonik Degussa GmbH

Creavis Technologies & Innovation

Paul-Baumann-Str. 1

45764 Marl

Germany

Frank Schwendig

RWE Power AG

Dpt. PCR-N / CCS and New Technologies

Huyssenallee 2

45128 Essen

Germany

Nathan Steeghs

EcoSecurities

1st Floor

40/41 Park End Street

Oxford OX1 1JD

UK

Thomas Tacke

Evonik Degussa GmbH

Creavis Technologies & Innovation

Paul-Baumann-Str. 1

45764 Marl

Germany

Nancy Wayna

B.A. Medien und

Kommunikationswissenschaft

Hausdorfstrasse 343

53129 Bonn

Germany

Martin Wolf

Bayer Technology Services GmbH

51368 Leverkusen

Germany