Netball E-Book

Anita Navin

• Herausgeber: Crowood
• Kategorie: Lebensstil
• Sprache: Englisch

Seitenzahl: 203

Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2012

Beschreibung

Crowood Sports Guides provide sound, practical advice that will make you a better player whether you are learning the basic skills, discovering more advanced techniques or reviewing the fundamentals of your sport.Featured in Netball - Skills.Techniques.Tactics are: Information boxes containing Top Tips and Key Points for the coach and player; Sequence photographs and detailed diagrams in colour; An introduction to the history and rules of the game, and equipment; Detailed analysis of both movement and individual netball skills; Reviews of tactics and game principles in attack and defence; Guidelines to support coaches and players prior to competitions; An examination of match analysis methods; Supporting information and advice on effective coaching behaviour, training principles and methods, nutriiton and sport psychology. This book will provide a key learning resource for intermediate netball players and coaches. Gives a thorough review of the technical skills and tactical approaches utilised in the modern game.Coaching points, common errors and key points to remember when practicing the skills are documented.Superbly illustrated with 88 colour photographs and 51 colour drawings.Anita Navin has been involved in England Netball for over twenty-five years as a player, coach, tutor, technical writer and scout.Another title in the successful Crowood Sports Guide series.

Leseprobe

CROWOOD SPORTS GUIDES

NETBALL

SKILLS • TECHNIQUES • TACTICS

Anita Navin

Copyright

First published in 2008 by The Crowood Press Ltd, Ramsbury, Marlborough, Wiltshire, SN8 2HR

www.crowood.com

This e-book edition first published in 2013

© The Crowood Press Ltd 2008

All rights reserved. This e-book is copyright material and must not be copied, reproduced, transferred, distributed, leased, licensed or publicly performed or used in any way except as specifically permitted in writing by the publishers, as allowed under the terms and conditions under which it was purchased or as strictly permitted by applicable copyright law. Any unauthorised distribution or use of this text may be a direct infringement of the author’s and publisher’s rights, and those responsible may be liable in law accordingly.

ISBN 978 1 84797 503 4

Dedication To Mum, Dad and Denise whose support and encouragement are priceless.

Acknowledgements The author and publishers would like to thank the following for their help in the production of this e-book: Mark Pritchard (for the photographs, except where credited otherwise), Northumbria University (for the use of their sports facilities), Team Northumbria Netball Squad and all other Super League squad players (the players in the photographs).

Disclaimer Please note that the author and the publisher of this book are not responsible or liable, in any manner whatsoever, for any damage, or injury of any kind, that may result from practising, or applying, the techniques and methods and/or following the instructions described in this publication. Since the exercises and other physical activities described in this e-book may be too strenuous in nature for some readers to engage in safely, it is essential that a doctor is consulted before undertaking such exercises and activities.

Illustrations by Keith Field

CONTENTS

Title Page

Copyright

Part 1: Introduction to Netball

1 The Game of Netball

2 Getting Started: Equipment, Playing and Rules

3 High Five Netball

4 Effective Coaching in Netball

Part 2: The Technical Skills

5 Fundamental Movement Skills

6 Individual Netball Skills

7 Attacking Skills

8 Defending Skills

Part 3: Netball Tactics

9 Netball Game Principles

10 Applying the Principles in Attack

11 Applying the Principles in Defence

Part 4: Training

12 The Principles of Training

13 Energy Systems and Physiological Demands in Netball

14 The Fitness Monitoring Protocol for Netball

15 Periodization and the Training Plan

16 Planning the Netball Session

17 Physiological Fitness

18 Nutrition

19 Sport Psychology

Part 5: Competition

20 Match Preparation

21 Match Analysis

Glossary

Useful Contacts and Addresses

Index

6 DIAGRAM KEY

PART 1

INTRODUCTION TO NETBALL

CHAPTER 1

THE GAME OF NETBALL

The History of Netball

Netball was originally called basketball, and was invented in the United States of America in 1891. The game was first introduced in England in 1895 when an American called Dr Toles visited Madame Bergman Osterberg’s Physical Training College. The students who were taught the game continued to educate the students who entered the college each year. The game was constantly changing as no printed rules were available, and each year the students thought they could improve the rules and regulations.

Netball in 1907. (Reproduced by courtesy of England Netball)

The court layout and positions in 1901.

At the college the game was played using two waste-paper baskets as the goals, hung on the walls at each end. The walls formed the boundaries, so the ball was never out of play. The college relocated to Dartford from Hampstead, and in 1898 an American lady visited the college and taught the game as it was being played by women in the USA. The baskets were replaced with rings, the court divided into three, the obstruction rule introduced, and a larger ball was used. Later, as the students became qualified teachers and began teaching in schools, there was a need for some uniform rules.

The first Netball World Championships, England versus Jamaica 1963.(Reproduced by courtesy of England Netball)

England Commonwealth Games squad with bronze medals in 1998. (Reproduced by courtesy of England Netball)

The Ling Association (now referred to as the Physical Education Association) was founded in 1899: its members were mainly from Madame Osterberg’s college, and it seemed appropriate to allow this group to undertake the writing and publication of the rules. In 1901 the rules were first published: this edition contained 250, and they conveyed many differences and developments, including the introduction of a shooting circle, the throw-in, non-interference with any player or the ball, a ball of specific dimension, fixed posts, and rings with nets. As a result of the changes, the game was called ‘net ball’, which ultimately became ‘netball’.

Netball Super League teams in action.

These are some of the key landmarks:

1905  English rules are introduced into the USA, Canada, France, South Africa as well as Wales, Scotland and Ireland. Rules are sold in India, Canada, Burma, New Zealand, Australia, Jamaica, USA, Sweden, France and Denmark. 1926  Inaugural meeting in London of the All England Women’s Netball Association. More than 250 delegates and schools, clubs and colleges were represented.1932  First inter-county tournament held.1947  Publication of the official netball magazine.1949  First international at Wembley – Scotland v. Wales v. England.1956  International match v. Australia at Harringay.1957  Meeting of representatives from New Zealand, Great Britain, Australia, South Africa and the USA to discuss international rules; it was also agreed that a World Championship would be held every four years.1963  First World Championship held in Eastbourne, England.1988  U21 World Youth Championship held in Canberra as part of the Australian bicentenary celebrations, and its success led to the event being organized every four years.1998  Netball included in the Commonwealth Games programme for the first time in Kuala Lumpur, where Australia took gold, New Zealand silver and England bronze.

Netball in England is now a leading sport for women, and with the introduction of the Netball Super League (NSL) in October 2005, the profile of the sport has grown dramatically. With television coverage the game is attracting thousands of viewers on a regular basis, and this top level competition for our élite players will undoubtedly contribute to England’s ultimate target of being number one in the world.

The International Federation of Netball Associations (IFNA)

The International Federation of Netball Associations (‘IFNA’) is the sole governing body for netball throughout the world. Membership of IFNA is open to national netball associations, and currently IFNA has just over forty members grouped into five regions – Africa, Asia, the Americas, Europe and Oceania – each with their own regional federation. Regional federations are an integral part of IFNA, and assist in the implementation of IFNA policies in their respective regions.

IFNA is responsible for the rules of netball, a game played by upwards of twenty million people worldwide. Within the Commonwealth, netball has more active participants than any other sport. The IFNA vision, values and aims are outlined here:

Vision

A vibrant and exciting global game.

Values

IFNA is committed to achieving high quality outcomes by:

working together as a team;continually striving for excellence;drawing on best practices.

IFNA logo. (Reproduced by courtesy of England Netball)

The aims of IFNA are:

To encourage increased participation in netball.To continue to develop and foster interest in the sport at all levels and ages.To recognize and promote international competition.To encourage and develop high standards of administration, instruction and officiating in all regions.To establish, safeguard, enforce, review and amend, as necessary, the rules of netball.To encourage research and development and the dissemination of information in all areas relating to netball.To liaise with other governing bodies and international sporting federations.To strive for netball to become an Olympic programmed sport.

IFNA is managed by:

CongressA board of directorsSecretariat

In accordance with:

Memorandum and articlesRegulationsHandbookPolicies

IFNA also documents some clearly defined goals, which are:

To build a global brand and profile for netball as an exciting and highly competitive sport.To establish strong and successful alliances and partnerships with international organizations, businesses and the media.To attract resources to benefit and support the global growth, development and profile of the game.To facilitate and promote a vibrant network to assist regions with the development of the game.To work with, and provide support to, regions to increase the membership of IFNA.To set the standards by which the game is led, managed and played.To facilitate and promote world class international competition.

More information can be found at: http://www.netball.org

The Accredited Netball Club

The Club Action Planning Scheme (CAPS) is an accreditation programme that allows clubs to seek a quality stamp, indicating that they provide certain standards, from England Netball. The levels of achievement are graded in terms of bronze, silver and gold status. Alongside this accreditation is the opportunity to apply and be assessed for the Sport England Clubmark, which evaluates the club based upon good practice for young people. Netball clubs can receive both awards, and by achieving the bronze status the Clubmark is also presented to the club.

CAPS accreditation confirms that the club has a clear structure, quality coaches and officials, volunteer opportunities, and a safe and equitable participation programme. The following areas are reviewed as part of the CAPS assessment:

Duty of care and child protectionPlayer, coach and official developmentSports equity and ethicsClub managementFacilities and equipmentCompetition

As a result of the CAPS accreditation, local schools, local authorities, England Netball and Sport England will forge links and recommend the club to future participants.

England Netball Clubmark. (Reproduced by courtesy of England Netball)

CHAPTER 2

GETTING STARTED: EQUIPMENT, PLAYING AND RULES

Netball is a game that is played both indoors and outdoors and on a firm surface; over the last decade it has gradually become more of an indoor game. However, several league matches and competitions are still held at outdoor venues on a concrete all-weather surface. It is recommended that indoors, the game is played on a court with a wooden sprung floor, and for international matches the surface should be a sprung wooden floor with a suitable run-off beyond the lines of the court.

Court area. (Reproduced by courtesy of England Netball)

Equipment

The overall size of the court is 30.5m long and 15.25m wide. The longer sides are called ‘side lines’ and the shorter sides are referred to as ‘goal lines’. The court is divided into three equal sections by two transverse lines drawn parallel to the goal lines: these are called ‘thirds of the court’. The three sections are referred to as the ‘centre third’ and the two ‘goal thirds’. Within each goal third there is a semi-circle with a radius of 4.9m, its centre at the mid-point of the goal line. The semi-circle is referred to as the ‘goal circle’. A circle of 0.9m marks the centre of the court, and this is termed the ‘centre circle’.

The Goalposts

Two goalposts are placed one at either end of the court: they are vertical and stand 3.05m high. A metal ring is placed at the top of the post: it has an internal diameter of 380mm and projects horizontally 150mm from the top of the post, and this is fitted with a net so that it is clearly visible. Padding is placed around the post, and this should extend the full length of the post to provide protection for the players. Often goalposts are now sunk into the ground and therefore do not have a metal base; however, should a base be used, this must not project on to the court area. The goalpost is placed so that the back of the post is at the outside of the goal line. For international matches there would always be a post inserted into the ground.

Goalpost. (Reproduced by courtesy of England Netball)

The Ball

The ball must be a size 5 netball for the full game. If the modified game of high five is played, then a size 4 netball is used. The ball should weigh between 400 and 450g, and must be of leather, rubber or similar material.

England’s Tamsin Greenway in modern kit.

The Playing Kit

It is essential that the correct footwear is worn by all players, and it is recommended that a specific netball shoe is purchased. The company Asics has designed a range of netball shoes to suit all playing standards, and the protection and support provided by these shoes have been developed as a result of research into the modern game. Playing kit is in the form of either a skirt and a shirt, or a dress. The training kit bag should contain a pair of shorts or skirt, a T-shirt, a towel and a water bottle.

The Players

A netball squad contains a maximum of twelve players, with only seven allowed to take the court at any time. No game can commence unless there are at least five players on the court, with one of those playing centre. Teams can make changes to the playing positions of the team, and/or make substitutions during an interval, or when play is stopped for injury or illness. There is no limit on the number of substitutions, provided they are taken from the twelve named for the match.

There are seven playing positions in the game of netball, and each player wears a bib, carried on the front and back of the playing kit and above waist height, with letters that represent the abbreviation for one of these positions; these letters must be 150mm high. The playing positions are as follows:

GKGoal keeper12         GDGoal defence123    WDWing defence 23    CCentre 234   WAWing attack  34   GAGoal attack  345  GSGoal shooter   45  

Each player is restricted in terms of the court area they are allowed to play in; it is important to note that lines are considered to be a part of the area they surround.

The playing positions – see list previous page. (Reproduced by courtesy of England Netball)

Rules

The rules presented here are correct at the time of going to print. The International Federation of Netball Associations (IFNA) reviews the rules on a four-yearly cycle following a World Championship; those presented here are current until 2011.

Duration of the Game

Netball is generally played over four quarters, each of 15min duration; the interval between the first and second, and third and fourth quarters is 3min, with a 5 or 10min interval at half-time. The duration of the interval is to be decided by the organiser prior to the start of the competition. The teams change ends at the end of each quarter. Where teams play more than one game in a day, the duration of these games is at the discretion of the officials, and should take into account the developmental level of the participants.

Officials

Two umpires must be in attendance to officiate at a game of netball, and there could also be scorers and timekeepers allocated at some competitions and matches. The team officials consist of a coach, a manager, a captain, and up to three other personnel, at least one of whom must be a primary care person. The primary care person must be qualified to diagnose and treat injury or illness, for example a doctor or physiotherapist. The full complement of officials would be present at any international match or competition.

The umpire must ensure that all players are safe in terms of playing kit, jewellery, adornments, and the correct length of fingernails. The umpire must use a whistle to start and stop the game, to signal when a penalty is to be awarded for an infringement, to indicate that a goal has been scored, and to signal to the timekeepers to hold time for stoppages.

Team Officials

Coaching is allowed from the team bench whilst play is in progress and also during the intervals between quarters. Coaching is not allowed during a stoppage (when a time out, which has been called by a player from either team).

Stoppages

During a stoppage no coaching can take place but the team manager may approach the players at the sideline for the purpose of providing rehydration. The first stoppage for each team in each quarter or half shall be up to 2min and in that time the player and Primary Care person must decide if the player can continue. It is the responsibility of the Primary Care person to determine whether the player can continue and no other team official from the bench is permitted on the court.

For each subsequent stoppage for each team, the injured or ill player must leave the court and has thirty seconds to do so. The injury or illness must be treated courtside and not on the court. The injured player may subsequently be substituted or the position may be left vacant.

After a stoppage for injury or illness, when no substitution is made for a player unable to resume play, the injured or ill player or a substitute may not enter the game whilst play is in progress.

There is a blood policy and should a player be bleeding then the umpire shall decide the length of the stoppage and shall ensure play is restarted as soon as possible. Once again, only the Primary Care person can enter the court area.

Positioning of the Players for the Start of Play

The game begins with the centre in possession of the ball standing wholly within the centre circle (this can be on one or both feet); the opposing centre must be in the centre third, but is free to move. All other players must be in the goal third that is part of their playing area, and they are free to move. When the whistle is blown to start the game, any of these players can move into the centre third. After a goal the game is restarted with a centre pass, and these are taken alternately throughout the game. If at a Centre Pass the ball is still in the hands of the Centre when the whistle is blown to signal the end of a quarter or half and provided no other infringement by that team has been penalised, that team will take the pass after the interval.

The centre pass must be caught or touched by a player who is standing wholly within the centre third, or who lands with the first foot, or both feet, within the centre third.

A player preparing for the centre pass.

Offside

A player is offside if they enter an area other than the area designated for their allocated playing position. However, a player may reach over and take the ball from an offside area, or may lean on the ball in an offside area providing no physical contact is made with the ground in the offside area. Should the player make contact with the ground then a free pass is awarded where the infringement occurred, to the opposing team.

A player leaning on the ball to regain balance.

Out of Court

The ball is deemed out of court when:

a) it touches the ground outside the court;

b) it touches an object or person in contact with the ground outside the court, or is held by a player in contact with the ground, an object or a person outside the court.

If a ball rebounds off a part of the goalpost it is not out of court.

A player who has left the court area to retrieve a ball must be permitted direct re-entry to the court; however, if a player moves out of court for no valid reason – not to retrieve a ball, take a throw-in, or seek a better playing position on court – they may not enter the game whilst play is in progress. The player may take the court after a goal, after a stoppage, or following an interval.

Playing the Ball

After receiving the ball a player is allowed only 3sec with the ball before it must be released. A player can catch the ball with one or two hands, gain or regain control if it rebounds off the goalpost, bat or bounce the ball to another player without having had possession, and tip the ball in an uncontrolled manner once, or more than once, to catch it or direct it to another player. Whilst a player is able to roll the ball to herself, the ball cannot be rolled to another player. A player who falls when holding the ball must regain footing and throw the ball within 3sec.

Players are not allowed to use a fist, fall on the ball to gain possession, gain possession whilst lying, kneeling or sitting on the ground, or use the goalpost as a means of regaining balance for helping to direct the ball. A player who has caught or held the ball cannot throw the ball to herself, drop the ball and replay it, or replay the ball after a shot at goal, unless it touched a part of the goalpost.

There must always be space for a third person to move between the hands of the thrower and those of the receiver. The ball cannot be thrown over a complete third without being touched or caught by a player who has landed in that third, or is standing wholly within that third.

If two opposing players gain possession of the ball in quick succession, the umpire shall call ‘Possession’ and indicate the player who first caught the ball. Play shall continue with this player in possession of the ball.

Footwork

A player may receive the ball with one or both feet on the ground, or jump to catch it and land on one foot. The player is allowed to step with the other foot in any direction, pivoting on the landing foot. The landing foot may be lifted off the ground, but the ball must be thrown, or a shot taken at goal, before this foot is regrounded. A player may receive the ball whilst both feet are grounded, or land on both feet simultaneously and then step with either foot. The foot that is not moved is considered to be the landing foot, and this may be lifted but not regrounded until after the ball has been released. Nor is the player permitted to drag or slide the landing foot.

A goal being scored.

Scoring a Goal

A goal is scored when the ball is thrown or batted over and completely through the ring by the goal shooter or goal attack from any point within the goal circle. If the defending player within the circle deflects a shot for goal and the ball passes completely through the ring, a goal is scored. The shooter may not have contact with the ground outside the shooting circle either during the catching of the ball or whilst holding it, and must obey the footwork and 3sec possession rule.

Obstruction

A player may attempt to intercept or defend the ball from a distance on the ground of 0.9m from the player in possession. This distance is measured from the landing foot which is on the ground, or if the landing foot has been lifted, the distance is measured from the spot on the ground from which the foot was lifted. Obstruction occurs if the defender lessens the distance, or if they jump and land within 0.9m and interfere with the throwing or shooting action of the player in possession. Within this distance a player is not obstructing if the arms are outstretched to catch or intercept a pass or feint pass, to gain a rebound from a shot at goal, or if they momentarily stretch out their arm to signal for a pass.

A player marking the ball.

A player may defend an opponent who has elected to go out of court provided that the defender remains within the court area; but a player who is standing out of court is unable to defend a player who is on the court.

Contact