Optical and Electronic Fibers E-Book
124,99 €
Mehr erfahren.
- Herausgeber: Wiley-VCH
- Kategorie: Fachliteratur
- Sprache: Englisch
Understand the cutting edge of fiber technology with this comprehensive guide
Because of their sensitivity and flexible capabilities, functional fibers have an enormous range of applications across many industries. In particular, advanced optical and electronic fibers have been integrated into numerous cutting-edge technologies, and their applications are growing year on year. There is an expanding need for scientists and professionals, particularly in the healthcare and sensor industries, to be familiar with the complex web of factors underlying functional fibers.
Optical and Electronic Fibers builds this familiarity with an up-to-date, highly readable presentation. It introduces both the characteristics and applications of different functional fiber materials before moving to future opportunities for research and development. The result is an accessible overview of an emerging technology with boundless potential.
Optical and Electronic Fibers readers will also find:
- More than 150 figures, many in full color
- Applications in industries ranging from optical waveguides to neural interfaces
- Detailed treatment of fiber materials, including soft glasses, carbon materials, liquids, and semiconductors
Optical and Electronic Fibers is a useful reference for materials scientists, electrical engineers, and semiconductor and sensor professionals.
Sie lesen das E-Book in den Legimi-Apps auf:
Seitenzahl: 478
Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2024
Ähnliche
Table of Contents
Cover
Table of Contents
Title Page
Copyright
Preface
1 Optical Fiber with Two-dimensional Materials Integration for Photonic and Optoelectronic Applications
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Fiber-integrated 2D Materials for Photonics and Optoelectronics
1.3 Conclusion
References
2 Postprocessing of Semiconductor Optical Fibers
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Semiconductor Optical Fibers
2.3 Conclusion
References
3 Processed Optical Fiber-based Wearable Sensors for Healthcare
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Performance Features of Wearable Sensors
3.3 Processed Fiber-based Wearable Optical Sensors
3.4 Scope of Optical Wearable Sensors
3.5 Conclusions
References
4 Electrochemical Plasmonic Fibers for Operando Monitoring of Renewable Energy
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Sensing Principle
4.3 Recent Progress of Operando Monitoring of Renewable Energy
4.4 Conclusion
References
5 Fiber Optofluidic Microlasers Toward High-performance Biochemical Sensing
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Theory
5.3 Optical Fiber Microresonators for Optofluidic Lasing
5.4 Biochemical Sensing Based on FOFLs
5.5 Conclusion
References
6 Two Micrometer Ultrafast Fiber Laser
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Mode-locked Fiber Laser
6.3 Two Micrometer Ultrafast Fiber Laser-related Technology
6.4 Two Micrometer Ultrafast Fiber Laser Communication
6.5 Conclusion
References
7 Advanced Fibers for Optogenetic Modulation
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Basic Principle of the Optogenetic Technology
7.3 Fabrication Techniques of Advanced Fibers
7.4 Design Rules of Fiber-based Neural Probes
7.5 Fiber-based Neural Probes for Optogenetics
7.6 Conclusion
7.7 Acknowledgments
References
8 Novel Functional Fibers for Neural Interfacing
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Genetic Manipulation-enabled Optical Approaches
8.3 Conventional Silica Fiber
8.4 Thermally Drawn Multifunctional Fiber
8.5 Conclusions
References
9 Very-large-scale Integration for Fibers
9.1 Introduction
9.2 VLSI-Fi: State-of-the-art and Current Challenges
9.3 What’s Next?
References
10 Inorganic Thermoelectric Fibers: Materials, Fabrication Methods, and Applications
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Bi
2
(Te, Se)
3
-based Nanofibers
10.3 PbTe-based Fibers
10.4 Ag
2
Te-based Fibers
10.5 SnSe-based Fibers
10.6 NaCo
2
O
4
-based Fibers
10.7 Conclusion
References
Index
End User License Agreement
List of Tables
Chapter 1
Table 1.1 Figures of merit for 2D-materials-fiber photodetectors.
Table 1.2 Typical graphene-fiber sensors and their figures of merits.
List of Illustrations
Chapter 1
Figure 1.1 Schematic of 2D materials integration to optical fiber platform. ...
Figure 1.2 (a) The electronic band structures of monolayer graphene. Inset s...
Figure 1.3 Fabrication process of the hybrid graphene-microfiber device. Pan...
Figure 1.4 Polarimetric graphene-fiber devices. (a) Schematic model of graph...
Figure 1.5 2D-materials-microfiber light emission sources. (a) Schematic hyb...
Figure 1.6 Optical fiber modulators with graphene integration. (a) Schematic...
Figure 1.7 Optical fiber photodetectors with 2D-materials integrations. (a) ...
Figure 1.8 Optical fiber integrated with graphene saturable absorber. (a) Sc...
Figure 1.9 Optical fiber integrated with 2D materials for nonlinear optics. ...
Figure 1.10 Typical optical microstructured fibers integrated with graphene-...
Figure 1.11 Active/nonlinear optical fiber-graphene device for ultrahigh sen...
Chapter 2
Figure 2.1 (a) Raman spectra (dashed lines are Voigt fits) and (b) transmiss...
Figure 2.2 Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images of (a) polycrystall...
Figure 2.3 Schematic diagram for rapid photothermal annealing.
Figure 2.4 Simulated temperature profile evolution of a laser-irradiated sil...
Figure 2.5 (a) Electron energy loss spectrum (EELS) and (b) Energy-dispersiv...
Figure 2.6 Transmission losses at 1.55 μm of CO
2
laser-treated polycrystalli...
Figure 2.7 Transmission losses at 4.7–4.9 μm of Ge fibers as a function of l...
Figure 2.8 (a) Laser-induced strain in a silicon-core fiber, as measured via...
Figure 2.9 Germanium-rich grating formed in the fiber core via modulation an...
Figure 2.10 Formation of semiconductor (germanium) spheres formed by the las...
Figure 2.11 Cooling rates and the built-in stress as a result of changing la...
Figure 2.12 (a) In-fiber particle manipulation by laser-induced thermocapill...
Figure 2.13 Schematic diagram of sleeved tapering process.
Figure 2.14 (a) Schematic diagram of asymmetric taper; (b) spectral broadeni...
Figure 2.15 Tuning from 1570 to 1680 nm measured from a silicon-core fiber....
Figure 2.16 (a) Parabolic pulse generation in a 3 mm tapered fiber and (b) s...
Figure 2.17 A schematic of the integration of a mode matching nanospike with...
Chapter 3
Figure 3.1 Performance features of optical wearable sensing system: (a, b...
Figure 3.2 Macro-bend fiber and Hetero-core fiber-based sensing systems: (a)...
Figure 3.3 Polymer optical fiber and micro-/nanofiber-based wearable sensors...
Figure 3.4 Wearable optical sensing systems based on fiber interferometers a...
Figure 3.5 POFBG and Micro-/nanofiber-based wavelength-interrogated optical ...
Chapter 4
Figure 4.1 (a) Schematic diagram of in-situ monitoring of optical fiber batt...
Figure 4.2 Setup of plasmonic fiber-optic-embedded sensing system for real-t...
Figure 4.3 Properties of TFBG-SPR: (a) Experimental polarized transmission s...
Figure 4.4 Experimental spectra of TFBG-SPR as a function of the refractive ...
Figure 4.5 Principle of electrochemical sensing using surface plasmon resona...
Figure 4.6 Schematic of a plasmonic fiber-optic sensing system for in-situ H
Figure 4.7 (a) The scheme of the electrochemical SPR sensing device, and the...
Figure 4.8 (a) Experimental setup of a plasmonic fiber-optic sensing system ...
Figure 4.9 (a) A schematic showing the integration of TFBG into the central ...
Chapter 5
Figure 5.1 The sensing mechanisms of optical microcavities. (a) Single nanop...
Figure 5.2 Schematic diagram for optofluidic laser with a four-level model....
Figure 5.3 FOFLs with COF. (a) Resonance mechanism in COFs [5]. Schematic di...
Figure 5.4 Schematics of FOFLs based on HOF with a thin wall of several micr...
Figure 5.5 HC-MOFs for FOFLs. The structures of microresonators based on (a)...
Figure 5.6 FOFLs with optical microfiber ring resonator. (a) Schematic diagr...
Figure 5.7 Illustration of 3D-resonant microstructures. (a) A microbottle ca...
Figure 5.8 FOFLs with PBG cavity. (a) Resonance mechanism of PBG fibers and ...
Figure 5.9 FOFLs with FFP cavity. (a) Resonance mechanism of an FFP cavity....
Figure 5.10 FOFLs with random scattering. (a) Resonance mechanisms of random...
Figure 5.11 Sensitive biodetection based on FOFLs. (a) Schematic of the bio-...
Figure 5.12 Disposable biosensors based on FOFLs. (a) Schematic diagram of a...
Figure 5.13 Fast and high-throughput bioanalysis based on FOFLs. (a) Laser e...
Figure 5.14 Cell and organism analysis based on FOFLs. (a) Lasing from liqui...
Chapter 6
Figure 6.1 Schematic diagram of energy level structure of Tm
3+
ion [1].
Figure 6.2 Schematic diagram of Ho
3+
ion energy level structure [1].
Figure 6.3 Schematic diagram of the energy level structure of thulium and ho...
Figure 6.4 Principle of saturable absorber [1].
Figure 6.5 Typical active mode-locking structure diagram [1].
Figure 6.6 Schematic of 2.07 μm multiwavelength AML fiber laser [2].
Figure 6.7 Output power characteristics of actively mode-locked fiber laser ...
Figure 6.8 NPR mode locking structure diagram [3].
Figure 6.9 (a) QS ML pulse train, (b) pulse train with a repetition rate of ...
Figure 6.10 (a) Five wavelengths output spectrum and (b) tunable range of th...
Figure 6.11 (a) mode-locked spectrum, (b) tunable single-wavelength mode-loc...
Figure 6.12 (a) Dual-wavelength mode-locked spectrum, (b) tunable spectrum f...
Figure 6.13 Schematic configuration of the normal-dispersion Tm-doped mode-l...
Figure 6.14 Schematic diagram of NALM mode-locking structure [1].
Figure 6.15 Schematic of a passively mode-locked SWP fiber laser [7].
Figure 6.16 Square-wave pulse laser structure diagram Zhao et al. [8] / SPIE...
Figure 6.17 DSR pulse laser structure diagram Han et al. [9] / SPIE.
Figure 6.18 Schematic of the micro-fiber based SWCNTs, (a) the waist diamete...
Figure 6.19 Twin detector measurement setup. VOA: variable optical attenuato...
Figure 6.20 Schematic diagram of thulium-doped fiber laser. DFB: distributed...
Figure 6.21 Configuration of Tm-doped mode locking fiber laser [11].
Figure 6.22 Schematic of all-optical wavelength converter based on GO: (a) t...
Figure 6.23 Experimental optical spectra of wavelength conversion signal of ...
Figure 6.24 Time stability of all-optical wavelength conversion Du et al. [2...
Figure 6.25 Schematic of Q-switched mode-locked DSR thulium-doped fiber lase...
Figure 6.26 Schematic of thulium-doped fiber laser [6].
Figure 6.27 Schematic of thulium-doped fiber laser Liu. [22] / SPIE.
Figure 6.28 Experimental structure diagram of 2-μm dispersion-managed solito...
Figure 6.29 Scheme of the NPR-based mode-locked thulium-doped fiber laser [2...
Figure 6.30 Experimental structure of a 2 μm free-space optical communicatio...
Figure 6.31 (a) Schematic diagram of free-space data transmission system in ...
Chapter 7
Figure 7.1 (a) The schematic diagram of optogenetic excitation and inhibitio...
Figure 7.2 The rod-in-tube approach.
Figure 7.3 The thermal drawing technique.
Figure 7.4 The molten-core-in-tube approach.
Figure 7.5 Thin-film rolling approach.
Figure 7.6 The extrusion technique.
Figure 7.7 Stack-and-draw method.
Figure 7.8 The 3D printing approach. Faccini de Lima et al. [41] / Springer ...
Figure 7.9 Double-crucible approach.
Figure 7.10 High-pressure chemical vapor deposition approach.
Figure 7.11 Pressure-assisted melt filling technique.
Figure 7.12 Laser-heated pedestal growth technique.
Figure 7.13 The diagram illustration of the integrated dynamic wet spinning ...
Figure 7.14 Mechanical properties of neural probes. (a) Young’s modulus. (b)...
Figure 7.15 (a) The structure of the composite neural probe.(b) The sche...
Figure 7.16 (a, b) Four- or eight-shank silicon probes equipped with optical...
Figure 7.17 (a) Schematic of the fiber probe and its ray-tracing simulations...
Figure 7.18 (a) The structure of the all-polymer fiber probe.(b) Fabrica...
Figure 7.19 (a) A photograph of the drawn multimodal fiber probe. (b) Cross-...
Figure 7.20 (a) The fabrication process and structure of the multifunctional...
Figure 7.21 (a) Schematic of the light guiding hydrogel for
in vivo
sensing ...
Figure 7.22 (a) Schematic illustration of the integrated dynamic wet spinnin...
Figure 7.23 (a) Illustration of the hydrogel hybrid probe design. (b) The fa...
Chapter 8
Figure 8.1 Neural interfaces of conventional silica fibers. (a) An illustrat...
Figure 8.2 Thermal drawing methods for multifunctional fiber production. (a)...
Figure 8.3 Post-processing enabled advanced multifunctional fiber probes. (a...
Figure 8.4 Thermally drawn fibers for tissue engineering. (a) Microgrooved f...
Chapter 9
Figure 9.1 Set of candidate tools for VLSI-Fi. The manufacturing approach in...
Figure 9.2 Retention vs. reshaping of the fiber cross-section and porosity s...
Figure 9.3 (a) Inverse engineering of the preform for in-draw reflow into th...
Figure 9.4 Capillary instability and its uses for the axial patterning of mu...
Figure 9.5 Solidification in AVG conditions (a) Postbreakup phenomena: I – A...
Figure 9.6 Solidification guided by the temperature gradient for the enginee...
Figure 9.7 VLSI-Fi so far and its future directions. (a) Library of some of ...
Chapter 10
Figure 10.1 (a) Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the Bi
2
Te
3
/Te m...
Figure 10.2 (a) TEM image of PbTe nanocrystals and upper inset is the size d...
Figure 10.3 (a) Schematic diagram of demonstrating Ag
2
Te nanowires and (b) t...
Figure 10.4 (a) Photograph of SnSe fibers. (b) Single SnSe fiber and its opt...
Figure 10.5 (a–d) SEM images of synthesized NaCo
2
O
4
nanofibers using two dif...
Guide
Cover
Table of Contents
Title Page
Copyright
Preface
Begin Reading
Index
End User License Agreement
Pages
iii
iv
xi
xii
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
Optical and Electronic Fibers
Emerging Applications and Technological Innovations
Edited by Lei Wei
Editor
Prof. Lei WeiNanyang Technological University50 Nanyang AvenueSingaporeSN, 639798
Cover Design: WileyCover Image: © Connect world/Shutterstock
All books published by WILEY-VCH are carefully produced. Nevertheless, authors, editors, and publisher do not warrant the information contained in these books, including this book, to be free of errors. Readers are advised to keep in mind that statements, data, illustrations, procedural details or other items may inadvertently be inaccurate.
Library of Congress Card No.: applied for
British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data: A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
Bibliographic information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data are available on the Internet at <http://dnb.d-nb.de>.
© 2025 Wiley-VCH GmbH, Boschstraße 12, 69469 Weinheim, Germany
All rights reserved (including those of translation into other languages, text and data mining and training of artificial technologies or similar technologies). No part of this book may be reproduced in any form – by photoprinting, microfilm, or any other means – nor transmitted or translated into a machine language without written permission from the publishers. Registered names, trademarks, etc. used in this book, even when not specifically marked as such, are not to be considered unprotected by law.
Print ISBN 978-3-527-35091-9ePDF ISBN 978-3-527-83930-8ePub ISBN 978-3-527-83931-5oBook ISBN 978-3-527-83932-2
Preface
Advanced functional fibers represent a convergence of multiple disciplines, spanning optical waveguides, optoelectronics, electronics, micro-/nanofabrication, biointerfaces, and wearable devices. This book highlights the emerging applications and technological innovations of diverse optical and electronic fibers, distinguished by their functional structures and materials. The book is organized into ten chapters. A brief description of each of the chapters follows:
Chapter 1
provides a comprehensive review of the recent advances in silica fiber-2D-materials integration technology that has allowed high-performance photonic and optoelectronic applications. The basic properties of several mainstay 2D materials and their heterostructures, the design principles of fiber-2D-materials integrations, the current and potential applications, and the challenges and opportunities in this field are discussed.
Chapter 2
introduces the common methods used to produce semiconductor optical fibers that are amenable to optoelectronic and nonlinear optical applications. The versatility of laser processing offers additional functionality, such as bandgap engineering and microstructuring, while tapering can tailor the core diameter for realizing nonlinear applications.
Chapter 3
presents the precision sensing technologies relying on processed optical fiber-based interrogation methods to achieve wearable sensors. The viability of such wearable optical sensors has motivated extensive research toward developing 2D flexible optical components and exploring other sensing utilities for building a healthy environment and revolutionizing healthcare services.
Chapter 4
reviews the in situ and continuous monitoring of the activities of clean energy devices over the whole power transfer chain. In-fiber grating-assisted plasmonic sensors for real-time electrochemical and photochemical sensing are summarized, leading to the understanding and evaluation of the operation quality of energy storage devices in active service.
Chapter 5
discusses fiber optofluidic laser as an exciting area of lab-on-fiber technology that integrates optical fiber, laser, and microfluidics to achieve high-performance biochemical sensing. It not only inherits the advantages of lasers, including high sensitivity, high signal-to-noise ratio, and narrow linewidth, but also the unique characteristics of optical fiber, such as easy integration, high reproducibility, and low cost.
Chapter 6
presents 2 μm ultrafast fiber lasers using Tm
3+
or Ho
3+
as the gain medium with the output wavelength at around 2 μm and the pulse width within ps or fs. Such laser has broad application prospects in the fields of space optical communication, mid-infrared pumping, lidar, emerging non-metallic material processing, and medical and life sciences.
Chapter 7
covers the development of optogenetic technology with the basic principles of optogenetic modulation of neural activities and the design considerations of fiber-based probes. The advances of several main types of fiber-based probes for optogenetics, such as glass fiber probes, nonstretchable polymer fiber probes, and stretchable polymer fiber probes, are summarized.
Chapter 8
reports a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art fiber-based neural probes and their applications in neuroscience. Thermally drawn multimaterial fibers, including the design principle, fabrication methods, and their versatile applications, are overviewed.
Chapter 9
discusses the recent development of a scalable manufacturing approach to the realization of fiber-embedded integrated photonics and optoelectronic circuitry. Drawing inspiration from very-large-scale integration (VLSI), VLSI-for-Fibers harnesses 3D printing, and melt-processing of multimaterial fiber preforms to materialize arbitrarily complex architectures typical of integrated circuitry in fibers.
Chapter 10
presents the recent development of inorganic thermoelectric fibers made by different fabrication methods such as electrospinning, two-step anodization process, solution-phase deposition method, focused ion beam, and self-heated 3
ω
method. Some techniques, such as thermal drawing, are also discussed to achieve high-performance fiber-based thermoelectric devices for wearable devices and smart electronics.
I thank all the chapter authors for their outstanding contributions. Moreover, I thank Nanyang Technological University for its constant support. Finally, express my sincere gratitude to my family and friends for their support and encouragement.
July 2023
Lei Wei
