Performing the Small Animal Physical Examination E-Book

Ryane E. Englar

• Herausgeber: John Wiley & Sons
• Kategorie: Fachliteratur
• Sprache: Englisch

Seitenzahl: 1220

Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2017

Beschreibung

Performing the Small Animal Physical Examination offers an easy-to-follow guide to successfully executing a thorough physical exam in cats and dogs, with nearly 1,000 clinical photographs depicting step-by-step details.  

• Provides comprehensive, practical information on the physical examination in small animal patients
• Presents nearly 1,000 color photographs with step-by-step details of the procedures and principles
• Offers advice on preparing the examination room, useful tips, and concrete guidance for examining each body system
• Outlines a systematic, in-depth approach to the initial examination in dogs and cats
• Supports new and experienced veterinarians and veterinary technicians alike in performing a thorough basic exam

Leseprobe

Performing the Small Animal Physical Examination

Ryane E. Englar, DVM, DABVP (Canine and Feline Practice)

Assistant Professor, Small Animal Primary Care, Midwestern University College of Veterinary Medicine, Glendale, AZ, USA

This edition first published 2017 © 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, except as permitted by law. Advice on how to obtain permission to reuse material from this title is available at http://www.wiley.com/go/permissions.

The right of Ryane E. Englar to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted in accordance with law.

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The contents of this work are intended to further general scientific research, understanding, and discussion only and are not intended and should not be relied upon as recommending or promoting scientific method, diagnosis, or treatment by physicians for any particular patient. The publisher and the authors make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy and completeness of the contents of this work and specifically disclaim all warranties, including without limitation any implied warranties of fitness for a particular purpose. In view of ongoing research, equipment modifications, changes in governmental regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to the use of medicines, equipment, and devices, the reader is urged to review and evaluate the information provided in the package insert or instructions for each medicine, equipment, or device for, among other things, any changes in the instructions or indication of usage and for added warnings and precautions. Readers should consult with a specialist where appropriate. The fact that an organization or website is referred to in this work as a citation and/or potential source of further information does not mean that the author or the publisher endorses the information the organization or website may provide or recommendations it may make. Further, readers should be aware that websites listed in this work may have changed or disappeared between when this works was written and when it is read. No warranty may be created or extended by any promotional statements for this work. Neither the publisher nor the author shall be liable for any damages arising herefrom.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Names: Englar, Ryane E., author.

Title: Performing the small animal physical examination / Ryane E. Englar.

Description: Hoboken, NJ : Wiley, 2017. | Includes bibliographical references and index. | Identifiers: LCCN 2017025865 (print) | LCCN 2017027039 (ebook) | ISBN 9781119295327 (pdf) | ISBN 9781119295310 (epub) | ISBN 9781119295303 (cloth)

Subjects: | MESH: Physical Examination–veterinary | Veterinary Medicine–methods | Cats | Dogs

Classification: LCC SF772.5 (ebook) | LCC SF772.5 .E54 2017 (print) | NLM SF 772.5 | DDC 636.089/6075–dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2017025865

Cover image: Courtesy of Ryane E. Englar

Cover design by Wiley

CONTENTS

About the Author

Preface

Acknowledgements

Part One Performing the Feline Physical Examination

1: Setting the Stage: Feline-Friendly Practice

1.1 Challenges Faced in Feline Practice

1.2 The Emergence of Feline-Friendly Practice

1.3 Key Principles of Feline-Friendly Practice

1.4 The Role of Sound

1.5 The Role of Tactile Stimulation

1.6 The Role of Scent

1.7 The Role of Advance Preparation

1.8 Examination Room Etiquette: Accessing the Cat

1.9 Recognizing Body Language

1.10 Feline-Friendly Handling

1.11 Other Feline Handling Tools

References

2: Assessing the Big Picture: the Body, the Coat, and the Skin of the Cat

2.1 Forms of Identification

2.2 Body Condition Scoring

2.3 Assessing Hydration

2.4 Inspecting the Coat: First Impressions

2.5 Identifying Coat Colors and Coat Patterns

2.6 Assessing Coat Quality

2.7 Inspecting the Skin

References

3: Examining the Head of the Cat

3.1 Skull Shape and Facial Symmetry

3.2 The Eyes and Accessory Visual Structures

3.3 The Ears

3.4 The Nose

3.5 The Extra-Oral Examination

3.6 The Intra-Oral Examination

References

4: Examining the Endocrine and Lymphatic Systems of the Cat

4.1 Evaluating the Thyroid Gland

4.2 Assessing the Lymphatic System

References

5: Examining the Cardiovascular and Respiratory Systems of the Cat

5.1 The Cardiac Patient

5.2 Assessing the Cardiovascular System Prior to Auscultation

5.3 Cardiothoracic Auscultation

5.4 The Respiratory Patient

5.5 Assessing the Respiratory System Prior to Auscultation

5.6 Understanding Normal Airway Sounds

5.7 Ausculting the Airway

5.8 Understanding Adventitious Airway Sounds

5.9 Using Airway Sounds to Corroborate Percussive Findings

5.10 Purring as an Obstruction to Auscultation

References

6: Examining the Abdominal Cavity of the Cat

6.1 Overview of the Digestive Tract as It Pertains to Presenting Complaints

6.2 The Esophagus

6.3 Visual Inspection of the Abdomen

6.4 Superficial Palpation of the Abdomen

6.5 Deep Palpation of the Abdomen

6.6 The Upper Urinary Tract

6.7 The Lower Urinary Tract

6.8 The Male Reproductive Tract

6.9 The Female Reproductive Tract

6.10 Being Presented with a Female of Unknown Sexual Status

6.11 Neonates

References

7: Examining the Musculoskeletal System of the Cat

7.1 Muscle Condition Score (MCS)

7.2 The Skeleton as a Whole

7.3 The Appendicular Skeleton: The Forelimb

7.4 The Appendicular Skeleton: 
The Hind Limb

References

8: Evaluating the Nervous System of the Cat

8.1 Assessing Behavior and Mental Status

8.2 Assessing Posture

8.3 Assessing Coordination and Gait

8.4 Assessing Postural Reactions

8.5 Assessing for Other Abnormal Movements

8.6 Evaluating the Spinal Reflexes

8.7 Assessing the Cranial Nerves

8.8 Assessing Nociception

References

Part Two Performing the Canine Physical Examination

9: Setting the Stage: Canine-Friendly Practice and Low-Stress Handling

9.1 Challenges Faced in Canine Practice

9.2 The Concept of Low-Stress Handling

9.3 White Coat Syndrome

9.4 The Role of Scent

9.5 The Role of Advance Preparation

9.6 Examination Room Etiquette: Setting the Tone for Initial Veterinary Interactions with the Dog

9.7 Recognizing Body Language

9.8 Creative Approaches to Challenging Interactions with Canine Patients

9.9 Other Canine Handling Tools

References

10: Assessing the Big Picture: the Body, the Coat, and the Skin of the Dog

10.1 Forms of Identification

10.2 Body Condition Scoring

10.3 Assessing Hydration

10.4 Breed Designation

10.5 Inspecting the Coat: First Impressions

10.6 Identifying Coat Colors and Coat Patterns

10.7 Assessing Coat Quality

10.8 Inspecting the Skin

10.9 Primary Skin Lesions

10.10 Secondary Skin Lesions

10.11 Miscellaneous Skin Lesions

10.12 Hyperkeratosis

10.13 Skin Folds

10.14 Nails and Paw Pads

10.15 Skin Incisions

10.16 Mammary Glands

References

11: Examining the Head of the Dog

11.1 Skull Shape: Function Versus Cosmesis

11.2 Facial symmetry

11.3 The Eyes and Accessory Visual Structures

11.4 The Ears

11.5 The Nose

11.6 The Extra-Oral Examination

11.7 The Intra-Oral Examination

References

12: Examining the Endocrine and Lymphatic Systems of the Dog

12.1 Thyroid Gland Neoplasia in the Dog

12.2 The Typical Presentation of Thyroid Gland Neoplasia in the Dog

12.3 The Pathophysiology of Hypothyroidism

12.4 The Typical Presentation of a Hypothyroid Dog

12.5 The Atypical Presentation of a Hypothyroid Dog

12.6 Assessing the Lymphatic System

12.7 Examining the Submandibular Lymph Nodes

12.8 Examining the Superficial Cervical or Pre-Scapular Lymph Nodes

12.9 Examining the Popliteal 
Lymph Nodes

12.10 Feeling for Lymph Nodes That Should Not Be Present

References

13: Examining the Cardiovascular and Respiratory Systems of the Dog

13.1 Congenital Heart Disease in the Dog

13.2 Acquired Heart Disease in the Dog

13.3 Assessing the Cardiovascular System Prior to Auscultation

13.4 Cardiothoracic Auscultation

13.5 The Respiratory Patient

13.6 Understanding Normal Airway Sounds

13.7 Ausculting the Airway

13.8 Understanding Adventitious Airway Sounds

13.9 Panting as an Obstruction to Auscultation

References

14: Examining the Abdominal Cavity of the Dog

14.1 Overview of the Digestive Tract

14.2 The Esophagus

14.3 Visual Inspection of the Abdomen

14.4 Auscultion and Superficial Palpation of the Abdomen

14.5 The Upper Urinary Tract

14.6 The Lower Urinary Tract

14.7 The Male Reproductive Tract

14.8 The Female Reproductive Tract

14.9 Being Presented with a Female of Unknown Sexual Status

14.10 Neonates

References

15: Examining the Musculoskeletal System of the Dog

15.1 Muscle Condition Score (MCS)

15.2 The Skeleton as a Whole

15.3 The Appendicular Skeleton: 
The Forelimb

15.4 The Appendicular Skeleton: 
The Hind Limb

References

16: Evaluating the Nervous System of the Dog

16.1 Assessing Behavior and 
Mental Status

16.2 Assessing Posture

16.3 Assessing Coordination and Gait

16.4 Assessing Postural Reactions

16.5 Assessing for Other Abnormal Movements

16.6 Evaluating the Spinal Reflexes

16.7 Assessing the Cranial Nerves

16.8 Assessing Nociception

References

Index

EULA