Proceedings of the TMS Middle East E-Book

• Herausgeber: John Wiley & Sons
• Kategorie: Fachliteratur
• Sprache: Englisch

Seitenzahl: 823

Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2015

Beschreibung

Mediterranean Materials Congress on Energy and Infrastructure Systems (MEMA 2015)

Leseprobe

Contents

Cover

Title page

Copyright page

Preface

Editors/Organizers

Acknowledgments

MEMA Organizers

Sustainable Infrastructure Materials

Corrosion Challenges for the Oil and Gas Industry in the State of Qatar

Abstract

Introduction

Operation conditions in Qatar

Main material challenges from earlier experiences

Corrosion challenges in Qatar

References

Utilising Fine and Coarse Recycled Aggregates from the Gulf Region in Concrete

Abstract

Introduction

Experimental Programme

Test Methods and Process Methodologies

Experimental results

Conclusions and Further Work

Acknowledgements

References

Finite Element Simulation of the Response of No-Tension Materials

Abstract

Introduction

Concept of no tension model

Hyperelastic model

No-tension model

Validation

Flexible pavement simulation

Sensitivity analysis for no-tension model

Conclusions

References

Investigation and Modeling of the Fatigue Damage in Natural Fiber Composites

Abstract

Introduction

Materials and Methods

Fatigue damage model formulation

Model damage parameters identification procedure

Results and discussion

Conclusion

Reference

Improving Asphalt Mixtures Performance by Mitigating Oxidation Using Anti-Oxidants Additives

Abstract

Introduction

Materials

Testing

Discussion

Conclusions

References

Effect of Warm Mix Asphalt on Aging of Asphalt Binders

Abstract

Introduction

Testing Program

Results and Analysis

Conclusions

Acknowledgement

References

An Innovative Concept for Testing Rutting Susceptibility of Asphalt Mixture

Abstract

Introduction

Objective

Proposed Test Method

Potential Payoff for Practice

Summary

Bibliography

Evaluation of Asphalt Mixes Workability and Compactability Using Laboratory and Accelerated Field Testing

Abstract

Introduction

Background

Materials and Testing Plan

Development of Workability and Compaction Indices

Results and Data Analysis

Laboratory Evaluation of Compaction Indices

Conclusion

References

Effect of Electroless Ni-Co-P and Co-P Coatings on Cavitation Erosion Resistance

Abstract

1. Introduction

2. Experimental procedures

3. Results and discussion

4. Conclusions

5. References

Influence of Joining Time on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of TLP-Joined IN-738LC to GTD-111

Abstract

Introduction

Experimental Procedure

Results and Discussions

Acknowledgement

Conclusion

Reference

Direct Observation of Effects of Foam Density, Gating Design and Pouring Temperature on Mold Filling Process in Lost Foam Casting of A356 Alloy

Abstract:

1- Introduction

2- Experimental procedure

3. Results and discussion

Conclusions

References

Control of Grain Refinement of A356 Aluminum Alloy by Computer Aided Cooling Curve Analysis

Abstract:

Introduction

Zero curve calculation

Newtonian analysis

Experimental Procedure

Results and Discussions

A. sample 1

B. sample 2

C. sample 3

D. sample4

E. sample5

Conclusion

References

Pulsed Electrodeposition of Ni with Uniform Co-Deposition of Micron Sized Diamond Particles on Copper Substrate

Abstract

1. Introduction

2. Experimental Details

3. Observations and Results –

4. Conclusion & Future ASPECTS

Acknowledgemnt

5. References :-

Materials for Energy Extraction and Storage: Shape Memory Alloys

The Tunable Microstructure and Its Influence on the Giant Magnetocaloric Effect in Magnetic Shape Memory Alloys

Abstract

1. Introduction

2. Refrigerant capacity in magnetic shape memory alloys

3. Experimental procedures

4. The influence of grain size on magnetic field levels

5. The influence of atomic order on magnetic field levels and refrigerant capacity

6. Finding the RC in Ni45Co5Mn36.6In13.4 single crystals

7. Conclusions

8. Acknowledgements

9. References

Studies of Magnetic Properties of Ni-Mn-In-Co Heusler-Type Glass-Coated Microwires

Abstract

Introduction

Experimental details and samples

Results and Discussion

Acknowledgments

References

Optimization of Soft Magnetic Properties in Nanocrystalline Glass-Coated Microwires

Abstract

1.Introduction

2. Experimental details

3 Experimental results and discussion

4. Conclusions

Acknowledgements

References

On the Fracture Response of Shape Memory Alloy Actuators

Abstract

Introduction

Thermomechanical SMA Constitutive Model

Problem Formulation and method of Solution

Results

Conclusions

References

Development of SMA Actuated Morphing Airfoil for Wind Turbine Load Alleviation

Abstract

Introduction

Shape Memory Alloys Actuators

Numerical Tools

Airfoil Geometry and Target Shapes

Morphing Concepts Design Procedure and Simulations

Simulations Addressing Time Response

Conclusions

Acknowledgement

References

Identification of Model Parameter for the Simulation of SMA Structures Using Full Field Measurements

Abstract

Introduction

Material selection and experimental procedure

Thermomechanical model of martensitic transformation for SMAs and model parameters

Parameter identification using Finite Element updating method coupled with an hybrid optimization algorithm

Parameter identification results and validation of the identification procedure

Conclusions

Acknowledgment

References

Comparison of the Work Output Values of Gradually Changing Porosity Samples and the Samples with Single Percent Porosity Level

Abstract

Introduction

Experimental Procedure

Results And Discussion

Conclusion

References

Phenomenological Model for Phase Transformation Characteristics of Textured Shape Memory Alloys

Abstract

Introduction

New transformation criterion and evolution equation for transformation strain

Assessment of the transformation function and evolution rules

Conclusion

Acknowledgements

References

Lightweight and High Performance Materials

Microstructural Design of Mg Alloys for Lightweight Structural Applications

Abstract

Introduction

Experimental Procedures

Results and Discussion

Conclusion

Acknowledgements

References

The Effect of Tool Geometry on Material Mixing During Friction Stir Welding (FSW) of Magnesium AZ31B Welds

Abstract

Introduction

Experimental procedures

Results and discussion

Summary

Acknowledgements

References

Damage Mechanisms at Various Strain Rates and Temperatures in Az31B Magnesium Alloy

Abstract

Introduction

Experimental Procedure

Results and discussion

Conclusion

References

Hybrid Aluminum and Natural Fiber Composite Structure for Crash Safety Improvement

Abstract

Introduction

Honeycomb Specimen Descriptions

Crash Model

Headform Dimensions

Composite Dimensions

FE Crash Test Results

Conclusion

References

Acknowledgements

Mechanical Response and Evolution of Damage of A16061-T6 Under Different Strain Rates and Temperatures

Abstract

Introduction

Experimental setup

Mechanical testing

Microstructural observation of as received material and deformed specimens

Fractographs analyses

Interrupted tests

Conclusion

References

Acknowledgment

Adhesion Improvement Between Polyethylene and Aluminum Using Eco-Friendly Plasma Treatment

Abstract

Introduction

Experimental part

Results and Discussion

Conclusions

Acknowledgement

References

Effect of Re Elements on the Sorption Properties of Nanocrystalline Zr-Co Getters Prepared by Mechanical Alloying

Abstract

Introduction

Experimental procedure

Results and discussion

Conclusions

References

Principles of Improvement the Energy Efficiency in Pyrometallurgy of Copper: Utilization the Secondary Heat Energy of Intermediate Products

Abstract

Introduction

The available waste heat energy of the roasting process of copper-bearing charge

Energy balance of the sulphuric acid plant

Conclusions

Acknowledgement

References

Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage

Numerical Modeling of Cathode Contact Material Densification

Abstract

Introduction

Numerical Model Description

Modeling Results and Discussion

Conclusions

Acknowledgements

References

Perovskites of Type LaBO3 Prepared by the Microwave-Assisted Method for Oxygen Production

Abstract

Introduction

1. Experimental

3. Results and discussion

Conclusions

References

Electrochemical Deposition of High Purity Silicon from Molten Salts

Abstract

Introduction

Experimental

Results and discussion

Conclusions

Acknowledgements

References

Cationic (V, Y)-codoped TiO2 with Enhanced Visible Light Induced Photocatalytic Activity for Photoelectrochemical Applications

Abstract

Introduction

Experiments

Results and discussion

Conclusions

Acknowledgments

References

Numerical Optimization of Lead Free Perovskite Solar Cell

Abstract

Introduction

Methodology

Results and discussion

Conclusion

References

Computational Assessment of the Performance of Lead Halide Perovskite Solar Cells Using Inorganic Layers as Hole Transport Materials

Abstract

Introduction

Methodology

Results and discussion

Conclusion

References

Electrode Materials Based on Phosphates for Lithium Ion Batteries as an Efficient Energy Storage System

Abstract

Introduction

Experimental

Results and Discussion

Conclusion

Acknowledgements

References

Interfacial Stresses and Degradation of Oxide Scale and Substrate Interface at High Temperature

Abstract

Introduction

Results and Discussions

Conclusions

References

Nanomaterials-Based Ultracapacitor for Power Integrated Circuits

Abstract

Introduction

Experiments

Results

Conclusions

Acknowledgements

References

A Multi-Scale Based Model for Composite Materials with Embedded PZT Filaments for Energy Harvesting

Abstract

1. Introduction

2. Methodolgy

3. Experimental Analysis

4. Results and Discussion

5. Conclusion

Bibliography

Methane Production from Carbon Dioxide and Increasing Energy Return of Investment (EROI) in Shale Oil

Abstract

Introduction Historical background of Sabatier methanation

New method for CO2 hydrogenation

Sources of CO2 and Global warming

Energy Return of Investment (EROI) for Shale Oil

Application of new technique of CO2 conversion in Shale oil retorts process: Shale Oil

Conclusion:

References

Storage and Release of Thermal Energy of Phase Change Materials Based on Linear Low Density of Polyethylene. Parafin Wax and Expanded Graphite

Abstract

Introduction

Magnetocaloric effect in Ni-(Co)-Mn-In

References

Computational Materials Design

Calculation of Electronic Structure and Field Induced Magnetic Collapse in Ferroic Materials

Abstract

Introduction

Magnetocaloric effect in Ni-(Co)-Mn-In

References

Strong Stacking Between Organic and Organometallic Molecules as the key for Material Design

Abstract

Introduction

Methodology

Results

Conclusions

Acknowledgements

References

A Biomimetic-Computational Approach to Optimizing the Quantum Efficiency of Photovoltaics

Abstract

Introduction

Preliminary Results

Research Plan

Future Directions

Stability and Mechanical Properties of {AxA′(1−x)}{ByB′(1−y)}O3 Ceramics

Abstract

Introduction

Computational method

Equation of State and Elastic Constants of ABO3 and Alloys

Concluding Remarks

Acknowledgement

References

Tailoring Thermal Conductivity of Ge/Si Core-Shell Nanowires

Abstract

Introduction

Model and Method

Results and Discussions

Conclusion

Acknowledgments

References

Thermal Analysis of Solar Panels

Abstract

Introduction

Thermal Modeling

Results and Discussion

Conclusion

References

Micromechanical Fatigue Visco-Damage Model for Short Glass Fiber Reinforced Polyamide-66

Abstract

Introduction

Multiscale modeling

Results

Conclusion

References

Alloy Design Strategies Through Computational Thermodynamics and Kinetics Approaches

Abstract

Introduction

Design Challenges and the Basic Principles of TRIP Steels

Making the Alloy/Processing – Microstructure – Property Connections

Putting Everything Together: A Computer-based Optimization of Alloy and Heat Treatments for TRIP Steels

Conclusions

Acknowledgements

References

C-Axis Compression of Magnesium Single Crystals: Multi-Scale Dislocation Dynamics Analyses

Abstract

Introduction

Methodology

Simulation Setup

Results and Discussion

Conclusions

References

Multiscale Modeling of Discontinuous Precipitation in U-Nb

Abstract

Introduction

First-Principles Calculations

CALPHAD

Phase-Field Modeling

Conclusion

Acknowledgements

References

Thermo-Mechanical Description of AISI4140 Steel at Elevated Temperatures

Abstract

Introduction:

Experimental Program

Results and Discussions

Concluding Remarks

References

Analysis of Thermo-Mechanical Rigidity of Continuously Cast Steel Slabs

Abstract

Introduction

Model Formulation

Design Description

Simulated Results & Discussion

Conclusions

Acknowledgments

References

Simulation of Solidification, Relaxation and Long-Term Behavior of a Borosilicate Glass

Abstract

Introduction

Multi-Physics Modeling

Results

Conclusion

Acknowledgments

References

A Durability Analysis of Super-Quiet Pavement Structures

Abstract

Introduction

Objective of the Study

Study Parameters

Description of Finite Element Model

Results and Analysis

Conclusions

References

Predictive Modeling for Sustainable Energy Solutions

Abstract

1- Introduction

2- Importance of sustainable energy predictions

3- Weather modeling and energy predictions

4- Variables used for predictive studies

5- Case study and results

6- Conclusion

References

Acknowledgment

Author Index MEMA 2015

Subject Index MEMA 2015

Copyright © 2015 by The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society. All rights reserved.

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ISBN 978-1-119-06527-2

PREFACE

This is a collection of manuscripts presented at The Middle East - Mediterranean Materials Congress on Energy and Infrastructure Systems (MEMA 2015), a specialty conference organized by The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society (TMS) and other institutions. The congress was held in Doha, Qatar on January 11-14, 2015.

The intent of this event was to focus on new materials research and development in applications of interest for Qatar and the entire Middle East and Mediterranean region. The main goal was to build synergy among researchers working on different materials applications but with similar objectives of enhancing design, sustainability, and functionality of materials. The congress was a forum for establishing collaboration among academia, research institutions, and industry in the region and the rest of the world, with a goal to help bring sustainability and stability to the region. Attendees represented government organizations, academic institutions, and industry working in various fields of materials for energy extraction, conversion, and storage; sustainability; as well as cross-cutting approaches in computational materials science. The long-term goal of this materials congress in the region is to further develop it into a periodic international materials congress in the Middle East and Mediterranean.

Over 200 authors and attendees from all over the world contributed to this congress in the form of presentations, lively discussions, and manuscripts presented in this volume. The international advisory committee members representing 9 different countries actively participated and promoted the congress.

The specific tracks and topics highlighted during this congress included:

Track 1

: Sustainable Infrastructure Materials. This track included sessions on cementitious materials and composites, and their sustainability, environmental degradation of infrastructure materials, asphaltic materials, and multi-scale characterization and simulations;

Track 2

: Materials for Energy Extraction, Conversion, and Storage. This track included sessions on lightweight and high performance materials, energy storage materials, ferrocaloric and ferroelectric materials, nanomaterials for energy conversion, photovoltaics, and shape memory alloys; and

Track 3

: Computational Materials Design. This track included sessions on alloy and microstructure design, ab-initio materials modeling, computational approaches towards mechanical damage and environmental degradation, and modeling materials across the scales.

The congress consisted of all-conference sessions and parallel sessions that integrated 3 keynote and 14 invited presentations from international experts, 93 contributed presentations, and 62 poster presentations. From the poster session, outstanding posters were selected for awards, which were presented to the authors at the congress banquet.

The 56 papers presented in these proceedings are divided into five sections: (1) Sustainable Infrastructure Materials; (2) Computational Materials Design; (3) Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage; (4) Lightweight and High Performance Materials; and (5) Materials for Energy Extraction and Storage: Shape Memory Alloys. These manuscripts represent a cross section of the presentations and discussions from this congress. It is our hope that the MEMA 2015 congress and these proceedings will provide new knowledge base for enhancing design, sustainability, and functionality of materials that are of interest for the Middle East and Mediterranean region; broaden the collaboration between the region scientists, industry, and the rest of the world; and ultimately help industry design and produce new materials more efficiently and effectively.

The organizers would like to thank all individuals and organizations that supported this congress. Special thanks are given to the Gold Sponsors of the congress: Qatar Petrochemical Company (QAPCO), and Qatar Foundation.

EDITORS/ORGANIZERS

Ibrahim Karaman

Ibrahim Karaman received his Ph.D. from University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in 2000. He joined the faculty of the Department of Mechanical Engineering at Texas A&M University in 2000. He was promoted to the rank of Professor in 2011. He has served as the Chair of the Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering (MSEN) from 2010 to 2013. The MSEN program became a new department in 2013. Dr. Karaman currently serves as the head of the department. His main research interests are processing-microstructure-mechanical/functional property relationships in metallic materials including (1) ultrafine and nanocrystalline materials, and (2) conventional, high temperature, and magnetic shape memory alloys; micro-mechanical constitutive modeling of crystal plasticity; and twinning and martensitic phase transformation. Dr. Karaman has received several national and international awards including the NSF CAREER Award, ONR Young Investigator Award, The Robert Lansing Hardy Award from The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society (TMS), an Honorable Mention for the Early Career Faculty Fellow Award from TMS, and Gary Anderson Early Achievement Award from ASME and AIAA. He is an author or co-author of more than 190 refereed journal articles.

Raymundo Arróyave

Raymundo Arróyave obtained his B.S. degrees in Mechanical and Electrical Engineering from the Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey (México) in 1996. He got his M.S. in Materials Science and Engineering in 2000 and his Ph.D. in Materials Science in 2004 from MIT. After a postdoc at Penn State, he joined the Department of Mechanical Engineering at Texas A&M University in 2006. Since August 2012, he has been a faculty member of the newly created Department of Materials Science and Engineering at Texas A&M University. Dr. Arróyave’s area of expertise is in the field of computational materials science, with emphasis in computational thermodynamics and kinetics of materials. He and his group use different techniques across multiple scales to predict and understand the behavior of inorganic materials (metallic alloys and ceramics). The techniques range from ab initio methods, classical molecular dynamics, computational thermodynamics, as well as phase-field simulations. Over the past seven years, Dr. Arróyave and his group have been using these techniques to investigate a wide range of materials, such as high-temperature shape memory alloys, ferromagnetic shape memory alloys, hydrogen storage materials, materials for electric interconnects in microelectronic packaging, novel steel alloys, as well as nuclear fuels for next-generation nuclear power plants. More recently, Dr. Arróyave has been collaborating with colleagues in the fields of microstructural design and design theory to develop inverse methods for the discovery and design of multi-component, multi-phase structural materials. Dr. Arróyave has been co-author of more than 70 publications in peer-reviewed journals, 15 conference proceedings, as well as close to 100 conference papers and 37 invited talks in the United States and abroad. In 2014 he was the recipient of the TMS-EMPMD Distinguished Service Award. Earlier in 2012 he was awarded the TEES Select Young Faculty Fellow Award by the College of Engineering at Texas A&M University. He also received Honorable Mention as an Early Career Faculty Fellow of TMS. In 2010 he was awarded the CAREER Award from NSF. Earlier (2006), he was awarded the Young Leader Professional Development Award from TMS. He has served as the Chair of the TMS Alloy Phases Committee, in which he is currently a member. He is currently the Vice-Chair of the ASM Alloy Phase Diagram Committee and is an active member in the ICME, Physics and Chemistry of Materials as well as other technical and non-technical committees at TMS. He has also chaired and co-chaired more than ten symposia at TMS and MS&T.

Eyad Masad

Eyad Masad is a professor in the Mechanical Engineering Program at Texas A&M at Qatar and the Zachry Department of Civil Engineering at Texas A&M. Dr. Masad’s research focuses on microstructure characterization and constitutive modeling of materials, transport in porous media, granular mechanics, and image analysis techniques. He has active research groups and programs in the United States and in the State of Qatar. He has published more than 350 technical papers and reports. Dr. Masad is a fellow of the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE). He is the recipient of the Eisenhower Graduate Research Fellowship (1997) and the Eisenhower Faculty Fellowship in Transportation Engineering (1998) from the Federal Highway Administration. He received several university awards including the Zachry Award for Excellence in Teaching (2004), the ConocoPhillips Faculty Fellow Award for outstanding performance (2005), the Texas Transportation Institute/Trinity New Researcher Award (2006), the Halliburton Professorship Award for Scholarly Excellence in Engineering (2009), and the Dean’s Meritorious Service Award (2010).

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The organizers/editors would like to acknowledge the contributions of a number of people without whom the MEMA 2015 Congress, and the proceedings, would not have been possible.

First, we would like to offer many thanks to the TMS staff who worked tirelessly in the organization of the congress and the editing of the proceedings. The local organizing committee and the staff of Texas A&M University Qatar put long hours and tremendous effort to arrange the logistics of the congress and for this we are also tremendously grateful.

Second, we want to thank the international advisory committee for their input in the planning of the congress, the promotion of the congress, and their participation in the congress. This international committee included: Thomas Zacharia, Committee Chair, Qatar Foundation, Qatar; Imad Al-Qadi, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA; Yehia Bahei-El-Din, The British University in Egypt; Tahir Cagin, Texas A&M University, USA; M. Enokizono, Oita University, Japan; Zachary Grasley, Texas A&M University, USA; Tayssir Hamieh, Lebanese University, Lebanon; Peter Hewlett, British Board of Agrement and University of Dundee, UK; Nick Kanellopoulos, National Center for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Greece; Marwan Khraisheh, Qatar Energy and Environment Research Institute, Qatar Foundation, Qatar; Dallas Little, Texas A&M University, USA; A.G. Mamalis, PC-ΝΑΕ, Greece; Tasneem Pervez, Sultan Qaboos University, Oman; Tom Scarpas, Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands; Hussein Zbib, Washington State University, USA.

We would also like to thank the keynote and invited speakers for graciously agreeing to present their work as well as the other presenters for the contributions, ensuring the success of the congress.

Finally, we would like to acknowledge the financial support of all our sponsors, especially the Gold Sponsors of the congress: Qatar Petrochemical Company (QAPCO) and Qatar Foundation, as well as the U.S. National Science Foundation, through the International Institute for Multifunctional Materials for Energy Conversion (IIMEC) at Texas A&M University, Grant No. DMR 08-44082.

MEMA ORGANIZERS

Ibrahim Karaman, Texas A&M UniversityRaymundo Arróyave, Texas A&M UniversityEyad Masad, Texas A&M University at Qatar

ADDITIONAL ORGANIZERS

Raymundo Arróyave, Texas A&M UniversityEyad Masad, Texas A&M University at QatarZoubeida Ounaies, Pennsylvania State UniversityDimitris Lagoudas, Texas A&M UniversityMohammed Khaleel, Qatar Environment and Energy Research Institute (QEERI), Qatar FoundationMariam Al-Maadeed, Qatar UniversityPradeep Sharma, University of Houston

LOCAL ORGANIZATION COMMITTEE AND INDUSTRY LIAISONS

Eyad Masad, Texas A&M University at QatarMariam Al-Maadeed, Qatar UniversityBilal Mansoor, Texas A&M University at QatarGeorges Ayoub, Texas A&M University at QatarAboubakr M. Abdullah, Qatar UniversitySrinath Iyengar, Texas A&M University at QatarSaid Mansour, Qatar Environment and Energy Research Institute (QEERI), Qatar FoundationAbdulaziz Al Mathami, Qatar PetroleumChris Devadas, Hydro Aluminum Technology Centre – QatarMabrouk Ouederni, Qatar Petrochemical Company – QAPCOWakeel Ahmed Khalid Ahmed, Qatar Steel

INTERNATIONAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE

Thomas Zacharia, Qatar Foundation, Committee ChairYehia Bahei-El-Din, The British University in EgyptTahir Cagin,Texas A&M UniversityHussein Zbib, Washington State UniversityImad Al-Qadi, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignTom Scarpas, Delft University of TechnologyZachary Grasley, Virginia Tech UniversityDallas Little, Texas A&M UniversityNick Kanellopoulos, National Center for Scientific Research “Demokritos”Marwan Khraisheh, Qatar Environment and Energy Research Institute (QEERI), Qatar FoundationPeter Hewlett, British Board of Agrement and University of DundeeTayssir Hamieh, Lebanese UniversityA.G. Mamalis, PC-NAEM. Enokizono, Oita UniversityTasneem Pervez, Sultan Qaboos University

Sustainable Infrastructure Materials

CORROSION CHALLENGES FOR THE OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY IN THE STATE OF QATAR

Roy Johnsen

Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Richard Birkelands vei 2b, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway

Keywords; Qatar, oil and gas, corrosion, hydrocarbon mixture, aquifer water

Abstract

In Qatar oil and gas has been produced from onshore fields in more than 70 years, while the first offshore field delivered its first crude oil in 1965. Due to the atmospheric conditions in Qatar with periodically high humidity, high chloride content, dust/sand combined with the temperature variations, external corrosion is a big treat to the installations and connecting infrastructure. Internal corrosion in tubing, piping and process systems is also a challenge due to high H2S content in the hydrocarbon mixture and exposure to corrosive aquifer water. To avoid corrosion different type of mitigations like application of coating, chemical treatment and material selection are important elements. This presentation will review the experiences with corrosion challenges for oil & gas installations in Qatar including some examples of corrosion failures that have been seen.

Introduction

The first oil well in the State of Qatar was spudded in October 1938. This was an onshore well – named Dukhan 1 – that produced 5.000 barrels per day in January 1940. The first offshore concessions were granted in 1949. However, due to political reasons the first commercial offshore fields - Idd Al-Shargi and Maydan Mahzam fields - were discovered in 1960. In 1970 the large Bul Hanin field were discovered and came on stream in 1972. In these early years major international oil companies were responsible for the exploration activities in Qatar. However, early 1970-ties, the State of Qatar got its independence from UK and in 1974 they nationalized the oil sector and established Qatar Petroleum (QP). During the coming years Qatar took full control over all oil and gas activities onshore and offshore and the international oil companies were “sent back home” for a period.

In 1991 Qatar intensified their focus on oil and gas exploration and production. This resulted in a boost in oil & gas production from existing and new discovered offshore fields. To assist QP in more efficient exploration and production, international oil companies like ExxonMobil, Occidental, Total, Shell and Maersk Oil were invited to participate in the activities. All these international operating companies have been active during the last years bringing both capital, technology and technical skills to develop and improve the oil and gas exploration and development in the Qatar.