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- Herausgeber: John Wiley & Sons
- Kategorie: Wissenschaft und neue Technologien
- Serie: IEEE Press Series on Sensors
- Sprache: Englisch
Provides an introduction to the topic of smart chemical sensors, along with an overview of the state of the art based on potential applications This book presents a comprehensive overview of chemical sensors, ranging from the choice of material to sensor validation, modeling, simulation, and manufacturing. It discusses the process of data collection by intelligent techniques such as deep learning, multivariate analysis, and others. It also incorporates different types of smart chemical sensors and discusses each under a common set of sub-sections so that readers can fully understand the advantages and disadvantages of the relevant transducers--depending on the design, transduction mode, and final applications. Smart Sensors for Environmental and Medical Applications covers all major aspects of the field of smart chemical sensors, including working principle and related theory, sensor materials, classification of respective transducer type, relevant fabrication processes, methods for data analysis, and suitable applications. Chapters address field effect transistors technologies for biological and chemical sensors, mammalian cell-based electrochemical sensors for label-free monitoring of analytes, electronic tongues, chemical sensors based on metal oxides, metal oxide (MOX) gas sensor electronic interfaces, and more. Addressing the limitations and challenges in obtaining state-of-the-art smart biochemical sensors, this book: * Balances the fundamentals of sensor design, fabrication, characterization, and analysis with advanced methods * Categorizes sensors into sub-types and describes their working, focusing on prominent applications * Describes instrumentation and IoT networking methods of chemical transducers that can be used for inexpensive, accurate detection in commercialized smart chemical sensors * Covers monitoring of food spoilage using polydiacetylene- and liposome-based sensors; smart and intelligent E-nose for sensitive and selective chemical sensing applications; odor sensing system; and microwave chemical sensors Smart Sensors for Environmental and Medical Applications is an important book for senior-level undergraduate and graduate students learning about this high-performance technology and its many applications. It will also inform practitioners and researchers involved in the creation and use of smart sensors.
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Seitenzahl: 359
Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2020
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Table of Contents
Cover
List of Contributors
Preface
About the Editors
1 Introduction
1.1 Overview
1.2 Sensors: History and Terminology
1.3 Smart Sensors for Environmental and Medical Applications
1.4 Outline
Reference
2 Field Effect Transistor Technologies for Biological and Chemical Sensors
2.1 Introduction
2.2 FET Gas Sensors
2.3 Ion‐Sensitive Field Effect Transistors Based Devices
2.4 Nano‐Field Effect Transistors
References
3 Mammalian Cell‐Based Electrochemical Sensor for Label‐Free Monitoring of Analytes
3.1 Introduction
3.2 State‐of‐the‐Art Cell Chip Design and Fabrication
3.3 Substrate Functionalization Strategies at the Cell–Electrode Interface
3.4 Electrochemical Characterization of Cellular Redox
3.5 Application of Cell‐Based Sensor
3.6 Prospects and Challenges of Cell‐Based Sensor
3.7 Conclusion
References
4 Electronic Tongues
4.1 Introduction
4.2 General Applications of E‐tongues
4.3 Bioelectronic Tongues (bETs)
4.4 New Design of Electrodes or Measurement Systems
4.5 Challenges and Outlook
Acknowledgments
References
5 Monitoring of Food Spoilage Using Polydiacetylene‐ and Liposome‐Based Sensors
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Polydiacetylene for Visual Detection of Food Spoilage
5.3 Liposomes
5.4 Conclusions
References
6 Chemical Sensors Based on Metal Oxides
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Classes of MOx‐Based Chemical Sensors
6.3 Synthesis of MOx Structures
6.4 Mechanism of Sensing by MOx
6.5 Factors Influencing Sensing Performance
6.6 Applications of MOx‐Based Chemical Sensors
6.7 Concluding Remarks
Acknowledgment
References
7 Metal Oxide Gas Sensor Electronic Interfaces
7.1 General Introduction
7.2 MOX Gas Sensors
7.3 System Requirements and Literature Review
7.4 Resistance to Time/Frequency Conversion Architecture
7.5 Power Consumption
7.6 Conclusion
References
8 Smart and Intelligent E‐nose for Sensitive and Selective Chemical Sensing Applications
8.1 Introduction
8.2 What Is an Electronic Nose?
8.3 Applications of E‐nose
8.4 Types of E‐nose
8.5 Examples of E‐nose
8.6 Improvements and Challenges
8.7 Conclusion
References
9 Odor Sensing System
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Odor Biosensor
9.3 Prediction of Odor Impression Using Deep Learning
9.4 Establishment of Odor‐Source Localization Strategy Using Computational Fluid Dynamics
9.5 Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
10 Microwave Chemical Sensors
10.1 Interests of Electromagnetic Transducer Gas Sensors at Microwave Frequencies
10.2 Operating Principle
10.3 Theory of Microwave Transducers: Design, Methodology, and Approach
10.4 Microwave Structure‐Based Chemical Sensor
10.5 Multivariate Data Analysis and Machine Learning for Targeted Species Identification
10.6 Conclusion and Prospects
Acknowledgments
References
Index
IEEE Press Series on Sensors
End User License Agreement
List of Tables
Chapter 2
Table 2.1 Gas sensitivity of main metal oxide.
Table 2.2 Nanowires‐based GasFET sensing properties for ZnO, InO
3
, and Si mat...
Chapter 3
Table 3.1 Comparison of toxicity analysis between trypan blue exclusion assay...
Chapter 6
Table 6.1 Sensing parameters of MOx‐based sensors used for detection of gaseo...
Table 6.2 Salient features of MOx sensors employed for detection of volatile ...
Chapter 7
Table 7.1 Basic gas sensors types: advantages and limitations.
Table 7.2 MOX based gas sensors characterization.
Table 7.3 Literature review of chemoresistive MOX gas sensors with interface ...
Chapter 8
Table 8.1 Key applications of e‐nose.
Table 8.2 Types of e‐nose [59].
Chapter 9
Table 9.1 Simulation parameters.
Chapter 10
Table 10.1 Some electromagnetic transducers advantages and drawbacks.
Table 10.2 Some examples of microwave transducing sensors presented in the li...
List of Illustrations
Chapter 1
Figure 1.1 Example of evolution of a measurand
M
and the corresponding respo...
Figure 1.2 Calibration curve of a sensor: (a) its establishment, based on kn...
Figure 1.3 Graphical structure of the book.
Chapter 2
Figure 2.1 Schematic illustration of a CCFET gas sensor.
Figure 2.2 Response curves of OFET with and without DNA interlayer after sto...
Figure 2.3 Schematic structure of OFET sensor based on ZnO/PMMA hybrid diele...
Figure 2.4 FET transistor based on nanowire.
Figure 2.5 Schematic illustration of FET sensor based on one nanowire (a), m...
Figure 2.6 (a) Schematic illustration of FET sensor based on multiple nanowi...
Figure 2.7 ISFET structure (a), shift of the transfer characteristic (b), an...
Figure 2.8 Example of extended gate FET structures.
Figure 2.9 MEB image of a suspended gate structure (a), scheme of the SGFET ...
Figure 2.10 Examples of dual gate structures.
Figure 2.11 Water gating mechanism with capacitance modeling (a) and electri...
Figure 2.12 Different bindings of biomolecules inside and outside the electr...
Figure 2.13 Principle of DNA recognition (a), hybridization (b), and example...
Figure 2.14 Example of water‐gated bio‐organic transistor (a, b) functionali...
Figure 2.15 Cell bio FET, structure (a) and microscopy of cells on the FET s...
Figure 2.16 Nanowires grown by the VLS process using gold nanoparticle.
Figure 2.17 Silicon nanowires fabricated by top‐down approach (a) image of 1...
Figure 2.18 (a) Single‐walled carbon nanotube made of a rolled‐up cylinder o...
Figure 2.19 Reversible pH monitoring on a large range of pH values: drain cu...
Figure 2.20 Schematic of poly‐Si nanowire surface functionalization (1) oxid...
Figure 2.21 (a) Schematic probe binding onto functionalized surface and hybr...
Figure 2.22 (a) Schematic illustrating antigen target detected with specific...
Figure 2.23 Schematic illustrating of selective multiplexed detection: diffe...
Chapter 3
Figure 3.1 Schematic illustration of metal electrode fabrication steps for h...
Figure 3.2 State‐of‐the‐art cell chip design: (a) Cell immobilized on Si‐bas...
Figure 3.3 Schematic illustrations of various cell–electrode adhesion method...
Figure 3.4 Electrochemical measurement of cellular redox: (a) A three‐electr...
Figure 3.5 Electrochemical measurement of cellular redox: (a) CV obtained fr...
Figure 3.6 Validation of electrochemical measurement of cell viability with ...
Figure 3.7 Concentration‐dependent cytotoxicity: (a) Effect of PCB on cells ...
Chapter 4
Figure 4.1 Schematic chart of the e‐tongue working principle.
Figure 4.2 Schematic diagram of (a) nanovesicle containing GPCRs fabrication...
Figure 4.3 (a) Schematic view of the experimental setup used in the dynamic ...
Figure 4.4 PCA scores plot for Pilsner beer samples. (a) Photograph of paper...
Figure 4.5 (a) Schematic chart of fused deposition modeling 3D printer. (b) ...
Figure 4.6 (a) Picture of microfluidic e‐tongue based on a single chip of PD...
Chapter 5
Figure 5.1 Chemical structure of polydiacetylene and its chromatic propertie...
Figure 5.2 Colorimetric bacterial fingerprinting. By combining 10,12‐tricosa...
Figure 5.3 PDA liposomes to detect surfactin‐producing bacteria. A visible b...
Figure 5.4 (a) Colorimetric response of polydiacetylene films to fresh and s...
Figure 5.5 Schematic of the liposome‐amplified plasmonic immunoassay. Target...
Chapter 6
Figure 6.1 Schematic representation of different models correlating grain si...
Figure 6.2 Various applications of MOxs‐based chemical sensors.
Figure 6.3 Schematic representation of an e‐nose for sniffing volatile marke...
Chapter 7
Figure 7.1 Gas adsorption mechanism at the surface of heated MOX sensing fil...
Figure 7.2 Block diagram of the resistance to time conversion.
Figure 7.3 Resistance to time conversion scheme.
Figure 7.4
R
‐to‐
I
topologies: (a) single ended and (b) differential.
Chapter 8
Figure 8.1 Schematic of human olfactory system. The odorants labeled “O” tra...
Figure 8.2 Human vs. artificial olfactory system.
Figure 8.3 Examples of pattern recognition technique: (a) Back‐Propagation N...
Figure 8.4 The view of an electronic nose prototype based on the electrochem...
Figure 8.5 (a) PCA and (b) LDA analysis for Mandarins (80 samples) Adapted f...
Figure 8.6 (a) Hybrid chemical sensor array chip composed of four individual...
Figure 8.7 (a) Wafer cleaning. (b) Back side Al deposition for PS fabricatio...
Figure 8.8 (a) Stability and repeatability study of TiO
2
/PS. (b) Process sca...
Chapter 9
Figure 9.1 Principle of an odor biosensor using pattern recognition.
Figure 9.2 Types of odor biosensors: (a) tissue‐based, (b) receptor‐based, a...
Figure 9.3 Principle of cell‐based odor biosensor using fluorescence.
Figure 9.4 Image of cells expressing OR (a) before odorant exposure and (b) ...
Figure 9.5 Principle of odor‐impression prediction.
Figure 9.6 Prediction model of odor impression using two auto encoders.
Figure 9.7 Relationship between the predicted value of odor impression and t...
Figure 9.8 Accuracy of predictive models with respect to number of odor desc...
Figure 9.9 Response of sensor model to a unit step odor concentration signal...
Figure 9.10 Geometry of closed room environment.
Figure 9.11 Odor distribution and airflow profile on a plane 5 cm above floo...
Figure 9.12 Phases of odor plume tracking.
Figure 9.13 Performance distribution with variation of starting position whe...
Chapter 10
Figure 10.1 Illustration of the electromagnetic radiation spectrum.
Figure 10.2 Evolution of the real and imaginary parts of the permittivity of...
Figure 10.3 (a) Microstrip line and (b) distribution of the electric (
E
) and...
Figure 10.4 (a) Coplanar waveguide and (b) distribution of electric (
E
) and ...
Figure 10.5 Discontinuity: junction at different width.
Figure 10.6 Discontinuity: bend at 90°.
Figure 10.7 Inductance with localized elements: (a) high impedance line, (b)...
Figure 10.8 Localized element capacity: (a) interdigitated, (b) metal–insula...
Figure 10.9 Stub short circuited.
Figure 10.10 Open stub.
Figure 10.11 Manufactured devices: (a) capacitive resonator bandpass filter ...
Figure 10.12 (a) Static evolution of S21 parameters of microwave sensor base...
Figure 10.13 Typical e‐nose system.
Guide
Cover
Table of Contents
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IEEE Press445 Hoes LanePiscataway, NJ 08854
IEEE Press Editorial BoardEkram Hossain, Editor in Chief
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Bimal Bose
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Xiaoou Li
Peter Lian
Andreas Molisch
Saeid Nahavandi
Jeffrey Reed
Diomidis Spinellis
Sarah Spurgeon
Ahmet Murat Tekalp
Smart Sensors for Environmental and Medical Applications
Edited by
Hamida Hallil and Hadi Heidari
© 2020 by The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. All rights reserved.
Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey.Published simultaneously in Canada.
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Library of Congress Cataloging‐in‐Publication Data
Names: Hallil, Hamida, 1981– editor. | Heidari, Hadi, editor.Title: Smart sensors for environmental and medical applications / Hamida Hallil, Hadi Heidari.Description: Hoboken, New Jersey : Wiley‐IEEE Press, 2020. | Series: IEEE press series on sensors | Includes bibliographical references and index.Identifiers: LCCN 2020011698 (print) | LCCN 2020011699 (ebook) | ISBN 9781119587347 (hardback) | ISBN 9781119587354 (adobe pdf) | ISBN 9781119587378 (epub)Subjects: LCSH: Biosensors. | Medical instruments and apparatus.Classification: LCC R857.B54 S64 2020 (print) | LCC R857.B54 (ebook) | DDC 610.28/4–dc23LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020011698LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020011699
Cover Design: WileyCover Image: © toodtuphoto/Shutterstock
List of Contributors
Mst. Khudishta AktarDepartment of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
Aadhav AnantharamakrishnanCentre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials and School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, India
Maria Luisa BraungerDepartment of Applied Physics, “Gleb Wataghin” Institute of Physics, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
Daniele D. CavigliaCOSMIC Lab, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
Rona ChandrawatiSchool of Chemical Engineering and Australian Centre for Nanomedicine (ACN), The University of New South Wales (UNSW Sydney), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
Corinne DejousUniv. Bordeaux, CNRS, IMS, UMR 5218, Bordeaux INP, F‐33405 Talence, France
K. S. Shalini DeviCentre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, India
Saakshi DhanekarCentre for Biomedical Engineering (CBME), Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), New Delhi, IndiaDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Karwar, Rajasthan, India
Hamida HallilUniversity of Bordeaux, CNRS, IMS, UMR 5218, Bordeaux INP, Talence, FranceCINTRA, CNRS/NTU/THALES, UMI 3288, Singapore, Singapore
Hadi HeidariSchool of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
Zeinab HijaziCOSMIC Lab, University of Genova, Genova, ItalySchool of Engineering, International University of Beirut (BIU), Beirut, Lebanon
Md. Abdul KafiDepartment of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
Uma Maheswari KrishnanCentre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, and School of Arts, Science & Humanities, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, India
France Le BihanUniversity of Rennes 1, CNRS, IETR, Rennes, France
Federico MazurSchool of Chemical Engineering and Australian Centre for Nanomedicine (ACN), The University of New South Wales (UNSW Sydney), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
Muis MuthadiInstitute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan
Takamichi NakamotoInstitute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan
Osvaldo N. Oliveira, Jr.São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo (USP), São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
Laurent PichonUniversity of Rennes 1, CNRS, IETR, Rennes, France
Antonio Riul, Jr.Department of Applied Physics, “Gleb Wataghin” Institute of Physics, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
Anne‐Claire SalaünUniversity of Rennes 1, CNRS, IETR, Rennes, France
Flavio M. ShimizuBrazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory (LNNano), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
Maurizio ValleCOSMIC Lab, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
Max WestonSchool of Chemical Engineering and Australian Centre for Nanomedicine (ACN), The University of New South Wales (UNSW Sydney), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
Jatinder YakhmiBhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
Preface
The future of research in the field of bio and chemical sensors towards obtaining smart systems is challenging and enchanting. It nonstop restores itself in respect to market demands, technological innovations and advancements in novel sensing materials. Key interests driving the bio‐chemical sensors market across the world are occupational safety health, hazards detection, environment pollution control, air quality analysis, food safety and quality, healthcare device and biomedical applications. Because of rapid evolution of smart bio‐chemical sensors, its market in exploiting such technology in wearable devices and internet of things predicts a gigantic growth over next few years. Large and ever‐growing advances in developing and implementing such technologies exhibited the potential utility of this unique class platforms as future of environmental and medical sensing systems. This book through various chapters will help readers gain insight into the technical problems that must be overcome while developing complex and smart bio‐chemical sensors. The rationale for selecting these paradigms is provided by a number of breakthroughs, which have been recently achieved in this field.
This book presents a comprehensive overview of bio‐chemical sensors, ranging from the choice of material to sensor validation, modeling, simulation, and manufacturing. It discusses the process of data collection by intelligent techniques such as deep learning, multivariate analysis, and others. It also incorporates different types of smart chemical sensors and discusses each under a common set of sub‐sections so that readers can fully understand the advantages and disadvantages of the relevant transducers—depending on the design, transduction mode, and final applications.
The book targets post‐graduate students and young researchers as well as engineers working in industry willing to understand and connect bio‐chemical sensors with state‐of‐the‐art and emerging medical and environmental applications. The field of biomedical electronics spanning from biology and device technology to smart sensors are covered with emphasis on smart bio‐chemical systems. The contents ensure a good balance between academia and industry, combined with a judicious selection of distinguished world‐leading authors.
This book addresses the limitations and challenges in the state‐of‐the‐art smart bio‐chemical sensors. It includes ten chapters of contributions from leading experts in bio and chemical sensing. We believe that the approaches developed, and the issues raised in this book will enable the reader to identify the requirements, challenges and future directions related to the burgeoning field of bio‐chemical detection systems.
In Chapter One we will to recall and explain some basic principles and metrological characteristics common to various sensors categories. These basic notions will provide the reader with a foundation and knowledge for understanding the different technologies and issues raised in the presented chapters. Different state‐of‐the‐art Field Effect transistors (FETs) sensors and their applications, especially for bio‐chemical detection have been described in Chapter Two. It presents various stages in the development of the sensors based on FETS which benefit from advanced research trends, especially the development of new materials, compatible with low‐cost technologies on various substrates, including flexible substrates. Chapter Three evaluates performances of cell based electrochemical methods for screening cells of different origin and cell from the specific stages of a cell cycle. In addition, this chapter discusses about the conformability and biocompatibility of the cell‐based platform essential for wearable and implantable application. Chapter Four introduces Electronic tongues (e‐tongues) that are promising electroanalytical devices for the quality control of water, beverages, foodstuffs, pharmaceuticals and complex liquids as they offer simple operation, fast response, low cost, and high sensitivity. Chapter Five discusses recent developments of colorimetric sensors based on polydiacetylene and liposomes for the detection of food spoilage, specifically their detection mechanism, sensitivity and specificity towards analytes in food. In Chapter Six concerted efforts are underway to bring down operating temperature of the MOx sensors. Tailoring the size and shape of nanostructured MOxs to tune their gas sensing properties is a major area of research and has opened up new vistas in analytical chemistry and instrument engineering. Chapter seven will first provide the main requirements for a gas sensing system and a general introduction about the types of chemosensors highlighting the advantages and drawbacks: the focus will be on Metal Oxide (MOX) gas sensors for their high sensitivity, fast response time, long lifetime and small size. It will then introduce the state‐of‐the‐art of sensor circuit interfaces towards the implementation of compact, reliable, low cost, low power e‐nose systems. Chapter Eight gives an insight of the E‐nose, structure with its components like the sensor array and the pattern recognition methods. In Chapter Nine recent hot topics such as odor biosensor, prediction of odor impression and strategy for odor‐source localization are described. The last Chapter presents a state of the art enabling to position the transducers based on microwave transduction. It will follow by a review on the different designs of developed platforms and the associated sensitive materials.
We hope that this book will serve as a useful resource to researchers and scientists in academia as well as industry in their effort to turn the new paradigm of emerging smart bio‐chemical sensing technology and application into biomedical sensing systems and to overcome bottlenecks in bio‐chemical sensors development.
We are grateful to all authors who have contributed their time and energy to make this book a reality. In their name I also thank those people within their organizations who provided assistance to them. The compilation and editing of this book were, with great enthusiasm, supported by IEEE Sensors Council and Wiley‐IEEE Press.
Hamida Hallil, Hadi Heidari
About the Editors
Hamida Hallil, PhD, is an Associate Professor in Electrical Engineering at the Bordeaux University and affiliated with the laboratory of Integration: From Material to Systems. Her current research interests include the design of innovative devices and sensors using electromagnetic and acoustic transduction modes. Since 2018, she is assigned as research scientist at CNRS International‐NTU‐Thales Research Alliance in Singapore and her work focuses on the development of 2D‐based acoustic devices and microwave sensors. She has coauthored over 60 peer‐reviewed journal articles and conferences. She serves on the organizing or technical committees of several international conferences and French organizations.
Hadi Heidari is an Assistant Professor (Lecturer) in Electronics and Nanoscale Engineering and lead of meLAB at the University of Glasgow, UK. His research focuses on microelectronics and sensors for wearable and implantable devices. He has authored over 140 articles in top‐tier peer‐reviewed journals and in international conferences. He is an IEEE Senior Member, an Associate Editor for four journals, and the General Chair of IEEE ICECS 2020 Conference. He is member of the IEEE Circuits and Systems Society Board of Governors and Member‐at‐Large in IEEE Sensors Council. He has grant portfolio of +£1 million funded by major research councils and funding organizations including the European Commission, UK's EPSRC, Royal Society, and Scottish Funding Council.
