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- Herausgeber: John Wiley & Sons
- Kategorie: Fachliteratur
- Serie: Peate's Body Systems
- Sprache: Englisch
PEATE’S BODY SYSTEMS
THE EYES
A CONCISE, ILLUSTRATED, AND ACCESSIBLE GUIDE TO THE EYES
Each of the twelve volumes in Peate’s Body Systems series is rooted in the belief that a deep and thorough understanding of the human body is essential for providing the highest standard of care. Offering clear, accessible and up-to-date information on different body systems, this series bridges the gap between complex scientific concepts and practical, everyday applications in health and care settings. This series makes for an invaluable resource for those committed to understanding the intricacies of human biology, physiology and the various systems that sustain life.
The Eyes is the perfect companion for students and newly registered practitioners across nursing and allied health fields with an interest in eye care, providing a comprehensive yet easy-to-digest guide for both academic and clinical application.
- Equips healthcare students and practitioners with the necessary information to provide safe and competent care
- Features colourful illustrations to aid comprehension, clarify complicated concepts, and render content more engaging and accessible
- Empowers readers to adapt to a rapidly evolving healthcare landscape, preparing them for the future of healthcare delivery
- Contains information necessary for effective patient care of those with glaucoma, cataract, macular degeneration, and other eye diseases and conditions
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Seitenzahl: 299
Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2025
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Table of Contents
Cover
Table of Contents
Title Page
Copyright
Preface
Acknowledgements
Chapter 1 Anatomy and Physiology: The Eyes
The Sense of Sight
The Anatomy and Physiology of the Eye
Conjunctiva
Lacrimal Apparatus
The Eye
Organisation of the Retina
Colour Vision and Retinal Structure
Eye Chambers
Focusing Images on the Retina
Refraction
Focal Length
Myopia, Hyperopia and Presbyopia
Processing of Visual Information
Central Processing of Visual Information
Conclusion
Glossary of Terms
Multiple Choice Questions
References
Chapter 2 Assessment of the Eyes
Importance of Vision Assessment
The Assessment
Patient History in Ophthalmic Assessment
Documentation of Findings
Testing Visual Function
LogMAR Vision Testing
Tumbling ‘E’, ‘E’ Test
Colour Vision Assessment
Diagnostic Tests
Conclusion
Glossary of Terms
Multiple Choice Questions
References
Chapter 3 Glaucoma
Pathophysiological Changes Associated with Primary Open-angle Glaucoma
Epidemiology
Risk Factors
Clinical Presentation
Clinical Investigations and Diagnosis
Management
Health Teaching
Conclusion
Glossary of Terms
Multiple Choice Questions
References
Chapter 4 Cataract
Pathophysiological Changes Associated with Cataract
Epidemiology
Risk Factors
Clinical Presentation
Clinical Investigations and Diagnosis
Management
Surgical Management
Cataract Surgery Procedure
Types of Intra-optical Lenses
Postoperative Care
Health Teaching
Conclusion
Glossary of Terms
Multiple Choice Questions
References
Chapter 5 Conjunctivitis
Pink Eye
Viral Conjunctivitis
Bacterial Conjunctivitis
Allergic Conjunctivitis
Chemical Conjunctivitis
Giant Papillary Conjunctivitis
Neonatal Conjunctivitis
Non-infectious Conjunctivitis
Pathophysiological Changes Associated with Conjunctivitis
Conjunctival Anatomy and Function
Types of Conjunctivitis and Specific Pathophysiological Mechanisms
Protective Mechanisms and Self-limiting Nature
Epidemiology
Ophthalmia Neonatorum
Risk Factors
General Risks Across All Types
Populations at Higher Risk
Clinical Presentation
Clinical Investigations and Diagnosis
Management
Bacterial Conjunctivitis
Viral Conjunctivitis
Allergic Conjunctivitis
Chemical Conjunctivitis
Further Considerations
Health Teaching
Conclusion
Glossary of Terms
Multiple Choice Questions
References
Chapter 6 Age-related Macular Degeneration
Macular Degeneration
Pathophysiological Changes Associated with Age-related Macular Degeneration
Dry (Non-exudative or Atrophic)
Wet (Neovascular or Exudative) Age-related Macular Degeneration
Epidemiology
Risk Factors
Clinical Presentation
Dry Age-related Macular Degeneration (Atrophic)
Wet Age-related Macular Degeneration (Neovascular or Exudative)
General Symptoms of Age-related Macular Degeneration
Clinical Investigations and Diagnosis
Initial Consultation
Symptom Inquiry
Structured Interviews and Questionnaires
Documentation and Follow-up
Visual Acuity Test
Amsler Grid Test
Fundoscopic Examination (Ophthalmoscopy)
Optical Coherence Tomography
Fluorescein Angiography
Indocyanine Green Angiography
Fundus Autofluorescence
Electroretinography
Management
Health Teaching
Conclusion
Glossary of Terms
Multiple Choice Questions
References
Chapter 7 Retinitis
Retinal Dystrophies
Types
Symptoms
Causes
Pathophysiological Changes Associated with Retinitis Pigmentosa
Genetic Mutations
Photoreceptor Degeneration
Retinal Pigment Epithelium Changes
Vascular Changes
Retinal Remodelling
Inflammatory Responses
Secondary Effects
Clinical Implications
Epidemiology
Risk Factors
Genetic Mutations
Environmental and Lifestyle Factors
Age of Onset
Clinical Presentation
Initial Symptoms
Clinical Investigations and Diagnosis
Patient History
Symptom Onset and Progression
Central Vision Changes
Family History
Previous Ocular and Medical History
Visual Function Impact
Psychosocial Aspects
Examination and Investigations
Clinical Examination
Retinal Imaging
Functional Tests
Genetic Testing
Additional Tests
Visual Field Testing (Perimetry)
Management
Gene Therapy
Health Teaching
Conclusion
Glossary of Terms
Multiple Choice Questions
References
Chapter 8 Presbyopia
Myopia, Hyperopia and Presbyopia
Emmetropia
Refractive Error
Pathophysiological Changes Associated with Presbyopia
Epidemiology
Risk Factors
Clinical Presentation
Clinical Investigations and Diagnosis
Management
Health Teaching
Conclusion
Glossary of Terms
Multiple Choice Questions
References
Index
End User License Agreement
List of Illustrations
Chapter 1
Figure 1.1 Accessory structures of the eye
Figure 1.2 The lacrimal apparatus
Figure 1.3 The anatomy of the eye
Figure 1.4 Cross‐section of the retina
Figure 1.5 Rods and cones
Figure 1.6 Refraction of light passing from air (less dense) to water (dense)
Figure 1.7 Focal length
Figure 1.8 Accommodation to (a) viewing distant (far) object and (b) viewing close (near)...
Figure 1.9 Near-sighted (myopic) eye (a) uncorrected and (b) corrected by a concave lens
Figure 1.10 Long-sighted (hyperopic) eye (a) uncorrected and (b) corrected by a convex len...
Chapter 2
Figure 2.1 Redness
Figure 2.2 Ptosis
Figure 2.3 Snellen chart
Chapter 3
Figure 3.1 Glaucoma
Chapter 4
Figure 4.1 The eye
Figure 4.2 (a) Normal lens and (b) lens affected by cataract
Figure 4.3 Phacoemulsification
Chapter 5
Figure 5.1 The eye and associated structures (the conjunctiva)
Chapter 6
Figure 6.1 The eye showing the position of the macula
Figure 6.2 Normal macula and degenerated macula
Chapter 7
Figure 7.1 Retinal layers
List of Tables
Chapter 1
Table 1.1 The sense of sight
Chapter 2
Table 2.1 Clinical findings from an eye examination
Table 2.2 Some diagnostic tests in ophthalmology
Chapter 3
Table 3.1 Types of glaucoma
Table 3.2 Key risk factors associated with glaucoma
Table 3.3 Approaches to the management of glaucoma
Chapter 4
Table 4.1 Types of cataracts
Table 4.2 Risk factors associated with cataract
Table 4.3 Examinations and investigations
Table 4.4 Health teaching needs of people with cataracts
Chapter 5
Table 5.1 Risks associated with different types of conjunctivitis
Table 5.2 Clinical features associated with conjunctivitis
Table 5.3 Investigations used in a diagnosis of conjunctivitis
Table 5.4 Key areas to focus on with regards to the health teaching needs of people with...
Chapter 6
Table 6.1 Risk factors associated with age-related macular degeneration (AMD)
Table 6.2 A summary of the differences between dry and wet age-related macular degenerat...
Table 6.3 Health teaching needs for people with age-related macular degeneration (AMD)
Chapter 7
Table 7.1 Health teaching needs for people with retinitis pigmentosa
Chapter 8
Table 8.1 Refractory disorders
Table 8.2 The signs and symptoms associated with presbyopia
Table 8.3 The management of presbyopia
Guide
Cover
Table of Contents
Title Page
Copyright
Preface
Acknowledgements
Begin Reading
Index
End User License Agreement
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Peate’s Body Systems
The Eyes
Ian Peate, OBE FRCN EN(G) RGN DipN(Lond) RNT BEd(Hons) MA(Lond) LLM
Editor in Chief, British Journal of Nursing;
Consultant Editor, Journal of Paramedic Practice;
Consultant Editor, International Journal for Advancing Practice;
Visiting Professor, Northumbria University;
Visiting Professor, Buckinghamshire New University;
Professorial Fellow, University of Roehampton;
Visiting Senior Clinical Fellow, University of Hertfordshire
This edition first published 2025.
©2025, John Wiley & Sons Ltd
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The right of Ian Peate to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted in accordance with law.
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Cover Design: Wiley
Preface
Welcome to Peate’s Body Systems; there are 12 books in the series. This is a comprehensive collection of textbooks designed to support and enrich the knowledge of health and care workers across various fields. This series is intended to be a valuable resource for those who are dedicated to understanding the intricacies of human biology, physiology and the various systems that sustain life.
Peate’s Body Systems series is rooted in the belief that a deep and thorough understanding of the human body is essential for providing the highest standard of care. Each book in this series is thoroughly crafted to offer clear, accurate and up-to-date information on different body systems. The aim is to bridge the gap between complex scientific concepts and practical, everyday applications in healthcare settings.
Purpose and Scope
The purpose of this series is to provide health and care workers with:
Foundational knowledge, with explanations of the anatomical structures and physiological functions of the body systems
Insights into how these systems interact with each other and how they are impacted by various diseases and conditions, highlighting clinical relevance and encouraging practical application
Structure of the Series
Each book in Peate’s Body Systems focuses on a specific body system:
The Cardiovascular System
The Respiratory System
The Digestive System
The Renal System
The Nervous System
The Endocrine System
The Female Reproductive System
The Male Reproductive System
The Musculoskeletal System
The Skin
The Ear, Nose and Throat
The Eyes
Every chapter is designed to be comprehensive yet accessible, making complex information easier to digest and apply. Figures, tables, boxes, illustrations and flowcharts have been extensively used to support visual learning and reinforce key concepts.
This series is tailored for:
Healthcare students: those in nursing and allied health programmes
Practicing professionals: nurses, therapists and other care workers seeking to deepen their understanding and stay current with the latest developments in health and care
Educators and trainers: educators who require reliable and comprehensive teaching materials to advise and instruct the next generation of healthcare providers
Commitment to Excellence.
The series is committed to providing quality educational resources that not only inform but also inspire and empower health and care workers. By equipping you with a robust understanding of the systems of life, you will be better prepared to make informed decisions, deliver compassionate care and ultimately improve patient outcomes.
Thank you for choosing Peate’s Body Systems as your trusted resource. I hope these textbooks serve as a valuable tool in your ongoing journey of learning and professional development.
Ian Peate
London
Acknowledgements
I would like to acknowledge the help and support of my partner Jussi Lahtinen. Acknowledgements also go to staff at the RCN Library in London. My thanks go to Tom Marriott, Christabel Daniel Raj, Bhavya Boopathi and all those at Wiley.
