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- Herausgeber: John Wiley & Sons
- Kategorie: Fachliteratur
- Serie: Peate's Body Systems
- Sprache: Englisch
PEATE’S BODY SYSTEMS THE RENAL SYSTEM
A CONCISE, ILLUSTRATED, AND ACCESSIBLE GUIDE TO THE RENAL SYSTEM
Each of the twelve volumes in Peate’s Body Systems series is rooted in the belief that a deep and thorough understanding of the human body is essential for providing the highest standard of care. Offering clear, accessible and up-to-date information on different body systems, this series bridges the gap between complex scientific concepts and practical, everyday applications in health and care settings. This series makes for an invaluable resource for those committed to understanding the intricacies of human biology, physiology and the various systems that sustain life.
The Renal System is the perfect companion for students and newly registered practitioners across nursing and allied health fields with an interest in renal care, providing a comprehensive yet easy-to-digest guide for both academic and clinical application.
- Equips healthcare students and practitioners with the necessary information to provide safe and competent care
- Features colourful illustrations to aid comprehension, clarify complicated concepts, and render content more engaging and accessible
- Empowers readers to adapt to a rapidly evolving healthcare landscape, preparing them for the future of healthcare delivery
- Contains information necessary for effective patient care of those with chronic and acute kidney disease, urinary tract infection, and other renal diseases and conditions
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Seitenzahl: 303
Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2025
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Table of Contents
Cover
Table of Contents
Title Page
Copyright
Preface
Acknowledgements
Chapter 1 Anatomy and Physiology: The Renal System
Renal System
Kidneys (External)
Kidneys (Internal)
Nephrons
The Functions of the Kidney
Kidney Blood Supply
Urine Formation
Hormonal Control of Tubular Reabsorption and Secretion
Composition of Urine
Ureters
Urinary Bladder
Urethra
Male Urethra
Female Urethra
Micturition
Conclusion
Glossary of Terms
Multiple Choice Questions
References
Chapter 2 Renal System Assessment
Assessing Needs
History Taking
Effective Communication
The Health History
Application of the Patient History to Renal System Conditions
Introduction and Establishing Rapport
Chief Complaint and Presenting Symptoms
History of Present Illness
Pain Assessment
Past Medical History
Medication History
Allergy History
Family History
Dietary Habits, Including Salt and Fluid Intake
Social History
Occupational History
Review of Systems
Urinary Habits
Fluid Intake and Output
Weight
Fluid Balance Charts
Psychosocial History
Patient Concerns and Expectations
Patient Education Needs
The Physical Examination
Specific Gravity
Additional Factors
Conclusion
Glossary of Terms
Multiple Choice Questions
References
Chapter 3 Pyelonephritis
Pathophysiological Changes Associated with Pyelonephritis
Epidemiology
Risk Factors
Clinical Presentation
Clinical Investigations and Diagnosis
Clinical Investigations
Management
Health Teaching
Conclusion
Glossary of Terms
Multiple Choice Questions
References
Chapter 4 Acute Kidney Injury
Pathophysiological Changes Associated with Acute Kidney Injury
Categorisation of Acute Kidney Injury
Epidemiology
Risk Factors
Clinical Presentation
Clinical Investigations and Diagnosis
The History
Physical Examination
Investigation and Tests
Laboratory Tests
Urinalysis
Electrolyte and Acid–Base Balance
Full Blood Count
Inflammatory Markers
Imaging Studies
Renal Biopsy
Management
Health Teaching
Conclusion
Glossary of Terms
Multiple Choice Questions
References
Chapter 5 Chronic Kidney Disease
Acute Kidney Injury
Pathophysiological Changes Associated with Chronic Kidney Disease
Epidemiology
Risk Factors
Clinical Presentation
Clinical Investigations and Diagnosis
Categorisation of Chronic Kidney Disease
Medical History and Physical Examination
Investigations and Tests
Management
Health Teaching
Conclusion
Glossary of Terms
Multiple Choice Questions
References
Chapter 6 Renal Calculi
Pathophysiological Changes Associated with Renal Calculi
Typical Sites of Stone Impaction in the Urinary Tract
Epidemiology
Risk Factors
Clinical Presentation
Clinical Investigations and Diagnosis
Physical Examination
Clinical Investigations
Management
Health Teaching
Conclusion
Glossary of Terms
Multiple Choice Questions
References
Chapter 7 Bladder Cancer
Pathophysiological Changes Associated with Bladder Cancer
Epidemiology
Risk Factors
Clinical Presentation
Clinical Investigations and Diagnosis
History Taking
Physical Examination
Staging of Bladder Cancer
Bladder Cancer Grading
Management
Treating Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer
Treating Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer
Health Teaching
Conclusion
Glossary of Terms
Multiple Choice Questions
References
Chapter 8 Urinary Tract Infection
Pathophysiological Changes Associated with Urinary Tract Infection
Epidemiology
Risk Factors
Clinical Presentation
Clinical Investigations and Diagnosis
Obtaining a Midstream Specimen of Urine
Management
Recurrent Urinary Tract Infection
Health Teaching
Conclusion
Glossary of Terms
Multiple Choice Questions
References
Index
End User License Agreement
List of Illustrations
Chapter 1
Figure 1.1 The renal system
Figure 1.2 The external layers of the kidney
Figure 1.3 (a and b) The internal structures. Source: Tortora and Derrickson (2009). Repr...
Figure 1.4 The internal structures showing blood vessels. Source: Tortora and Derrickson ...
Figure 1.5 Nephron. Source: Tortora and Derrickson (2009). Reproduced with permission fro...
Figure 1.6 Bowman’s capsule. Source: Tortora and Derrickson (2009). Reproduced wit...
Figure 1.7 Nephron with capillaries. Source: Tortora and Derrickson (2009). Reproduced wi...
Figure 1.8 Common iliac vessels and ureter. Source: Nair and Peate (2009). Reproduced wit...
Figure 1.9 Layers of the urinary bladder. Source: Tortora and Derrickson (2009). Reproduc...
Figure 1.10 Male urethra
Figure 1.11 Location of the female urethra. Source: Nair and Peate (2013). Reproduced with...
Chapter 2
Figure 2.1 Kidney palpation
Figure 2.2 History and examination related to renal disease
Chapter 3
Figure 3.1 Urinary tract infection
Chapter 4
Figure 4.1 Categorisation of acute kidney injury
Figure 4.2 Clinical features and findings in acute kidney injury
Chapter 5
Figure 5.1 Clinical manifestations associated with chronic kidney disease
Chapter 6
Figure 6.1 Renal calculi
Figure 6.2 A lower pole stone
Figure 6.3 Signs and symptoms of urinary stones
Figure 6.4 Cystoscopy
Chapter 8
Figure 8.1 Urinary tract infection
Figure 8.2 Obtaining a midstream specimen of urine from a male patient
List of Tables
Chapter 2
Table 2.1 Communication constructs
Table 2.2 Stages of the Calgary–Cambridge framework
Table 2.3 Some key components associated with the health history
Table 2.4 The SOCRATES in relation to renal pain
Table 2.5 Hypovolaemia and fluid overload
Table 2.6 Components of urinalysis
Chapter 3
Table 3.1 Microorganisms commonly associated with pyelonephritis
Table 3.2 A comparison of pyelonephritis and urinary tract infection
Table 3.3 Pathogenesis associated with pyelonephritis: a summary
Table 3.4 Risk factors associated with pyelonephritis
Table 3.5 Key aspects of communication in the history-taking process
Table 3.6 The physical examination related to pyelonephritis
Table 3.7 Investigations used in the diagnosis of pyelonephritis
Table 3.8 An overview of treatment related to pyelonephritis
Chapter 4
Table 4.1 Causes of acute kidney injury
Table 4.2 The three phases associated with acute kidney injury
Table 4.3 Understanding risk factors for acute kidney injury
Table 4.4 Risk factors associated with acute kidney injury
Table 4.5 Stages by specific criteria related to changes in serum creatinine levels and ...
Table 4.6 History taking: an overview in relation to acute kidney injury
Table 4.7 Key aspects of the physical examination related to acute kidney injury
Table 4.8 Key aspects related to the management of a patient with acute kidney injury
Chapter 5
Table 5.1 Comparison between acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease
Table 5.2 Key aspects of chronic kidney disease (CKD) pathogenesis
Table 5.3 The Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) classification of chroni...
Table 5.4 Components of medical history taking in relation to chronic kidney disease (CK...
Table 5.5 An overview of the physical examination required to make a diagnosis of chroni...
Table 5.6 Some key health teaching requirements for people with chronic kidney disease (...
Chapter 6
Table 6.1 Kidney stones
Table 6.2 An overview of the pathogenesis of renal calculi
Table 6.3 Risk factors associated with the development of renal calculi
Table 6.4 Renal colic
Table 6.5 Using SOCRATES to assess renal calculi pain
Table 6.6 An overview of tests and investigations used in making a diagnosis of renal ca...
Table 6.7 Management of renal calculi
Chapter 7
Table 7.1 Main types of urological cancer (excluding bladder cancer)
Table 7.2 Cancer, tumour and neoplasm
Table 7.3 Pathogenesis of bladder cancer, an overview
Table 7.4 Key risk factors for bladder cancer
Table 7.5 A summary of the clinical features associated with bladder cancer
Table 7.6 An overview of the physical examination associated with bladder cancer
Table 7.7 Common diagnostic investigations for bladder cancer
Chapter 8
Table 8.1 European Association of Urology classification of urinary tract infections
Table 8.2 Summary of risk factors associated with urinary tract infection
Table 8.3 History taking related to urinary tract infection
Table 8.4 An overview of the key aspects of managing people with urinary tract infection
Table 8.5 Key health teaching needs for people with urinary tract infection
Guide
Cover
Table of Contents
Title Page
Copyright
Preface
Acknowledgements
Begin Reading
Index
End User License Agreement
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Peate’s Body Systems
The Renal System
Ian Peate, OBE FRCN EN(G) RGN DipN(Lond) RNT BEd(Hons) MA(Lond) LLM
Editor in Chief, British Journal of Nursing;
Consultant Editor, Journal of Paramedic Practice;
Consultant Editor, International Journal for Advancing Practice;
Visiting Professor, Northumbria University;
Visiting Professor, Buckinghamshire New University;
Professorial Fellow, University of Roehampton;
Visiting Senior Clinical Fellow, University of Hertfordshire
This edition first published 2025.
©2025, John Wiley & Sons Ltd
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Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty
The contents of this work are intended to further general scientific research, understanding, and discussion only and are not intended and should not be relied upon as recommending or promoting scientific method, diagnosis, or treatment by physicians for any particular patient. In view of ongoing research, equipment modifications, changes in governmental regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to the use of medicines, equipment, and devices, the reader is urged to review and evaluate the information provided in the package insert or instructions for each medicine, equipment, or device for, among other things, any changes in the instructions or indication of usage and for added warnings and precautions. While the publisher and authors have used their best efforts in preparing this work, they make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this work and specifically disclaim all warranties, including without limitation any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. No warranty may be created or extended by sales representatives, written sales materials or promotional statements for this work. This work is sold with the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering professional services. The advice and strategies contained herein may not be suitable for your situation. You should consult with a specialist where appropriate. The fact that an organization, website, or product is referred to in this work as a citation and/or potential source of further information does not mean that the publisher and authors endorse the information or services the organization, website, or product may provide or recommendations it may make. Further, readers should be aware that websites listed in this work may have changed or disappeared between when this work was written and when it is read. Neither the publisher nor authors shall be liable for any loss of profit or any other commercial damages, including but not limited to special, incidental, consequential, or other damages.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Peate, Ian, author.
Title: The renal system / Ian Peate, OBE FRCN EN(G) RGN DipN(Lond) RNT Bed BEd (Hons) MA(Lond) LLM, Editor in Chief, British Journal of Nursing, Consultant Editor, Journal of Paramedic Practice, Consultant Editor, International Journal for Advancing Practice, Visiting Professor, Northumbria University, Visiting Professor, St Georges University of London and Kingston University London, Professorial Fellow, Roehampton University, Visiting Senior Clinical Fellow, University of Hertfordshire.
Description: Hoboken, NJ, USA : Wiley Blackwell, 2025. | Series: Body systems; book 4 | Includes bibliographical references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2024041149 (print) | LCCN 2024041150 (ebook) | ISBN 9781394252442 (paperback) | ISBN 9781394252459 (epub)
Subjects: LCSH: Urinary organs–Physiology. | Kidneys–Physiology. | Kidneys–Diseases.
Classification: LCC QP249 .P43 2025 (print) | LCC QP249 (ebook) | DDC 612.4/6–dc23/eng/20241228
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2024041149
LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2024041150
Cover Images: © marinashevchenko/Adobe Stock, © phototechno/Getty Images, © 4luck/Adobe Stock, © Oleksandr Pokusai/Adobe Stock
Cover Design: Wiley
Preface
Welcome to Peate’s Body Systems; there are 12 books in the series. This is a comprehensive collection of textbooks designed to support and enrich the knowledge of health and care workers across various fields. This series is intended to be a valuable resource for those who are dedicated to understanding the intricacies of human biology, physiology and the various systems that sustain life.
Peate’s Body Systems series is rooted in the belief that a deep and thorough understanding of the human body is essential for providing the highest standard of care. Each book in this series is thoroughly crafted to offer clear, accurate and up-to-date information on different body systems. The aim is to bridge the gap between complex scientific concepts and practical, everyday applications in healthcare settings.
Purpose and Scope
The purpose of this series is to provide health and care workers with:
Foundational knowledge, with explanations of the anatomical structures and physiological functions of the body systems
Insights into how these systems interact with each other and how they are impacted by various diseases and conditions, highlighting clinical relevance and encouraging practical application
Structure of the Series
Each book in Peate’s Body Systems focuses on a specific body system:
The Cardiovascular System
The Respiratory System
The Digestive System
The Renal System
The Nervous System
The Endocrine System
The Female Reproductive System
The Male Reproductive System
The Musculoskeletal System
The Skin
The Ear, Nose and Throat
The Eyes
Every chapter is designed to be comprehensive yet accessible, making complex information easier to digest and apply. Figures, tables, boxes, illustrations and flowcharts have been extensively used to support visual learning and reinforce key concepts.
This series is tailored for:
Healthcare students: those in nursing and allied health programmes
Practicing professionals: nurses, therapists and other care workers seeking to deepen their understanding and stay current with the latest developments in health and care
Educators and trainers: educators who require reliable and comprehensive teaching materials to advise and instruct the next generation of healthcare providers
Commitment to Excellence
The series is committed to providing quality educational resources that not only inform but also inspire and empower health and care workers. By equipping you with a robust understanding of the systems of life, you will be better prepared to make informed decisions, deliver compassionate care and ultimately improve patient outcomes.
Thank you for choosing Peate’s Body Systems as your trusted resource. I hope these textbooks serve as a valuable tool in your ongoing journey of learning and professional development.
Ian Peate
London
Acknowledgements
I would like to acknowledge the help and support of my partner Jussi Lahtinen. Acknowledgements also go to staff at the RCN Library in London. My thanks go to Tom Marriott, Christabel Daniel Raj, Bhavya Boopathi and all those at Wiley.
