The Oil Palm E-Book

R. H. V. Corley

• Herausgeber: John Wiley & Sons
• Kategorie: Fachliteratur
• Serie: World Agriculture Series
• Sprache: Englisch

Seitenzahl: 2310

Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2015

Beschreibung

The Oil Palm
FIFTH EDITION

The oil palm is the world’s most valuable oil crop. Its production has increased over the decades, reaching 56 million tons in 2013, and it gives the highest yields per hectare of all oil crops. Remarkably, oil palm has remained profitable through periods of low prices. Demand for palm oil is also expanding, with the edible demand now complemented by added demand from biodiesel producers.

The Oil Palm is the definitive reference work on this important crop. This fifth edition features new topics – including the conversion of palm oil to biodiesel and discussions about the impacts of palm oil production on the environment and effects of climate change – alongside comprehensively revised chapters, with updated references throughout.

The Oil Palm, Fifth Edition, will be useful to researchers and plantation and mill managers who wish to understand the science underlying recommended practices. It is an indispensable reference for agriculture students and to all those working in the oil palm industry worldwide.

Leseprobe

Table of Contents

Cover

Title Page

Preface to the fifth edition

Preface to the fourth edition

Preface to the third edition

Preface to the second edition

Preface to the first edition

Acknowledgements

Abbreviations

Chapter 1: The Origin and Development of the Oil Palm Industry

1.1 ORIGIN OF THE OIL PALM

1.2 THE OIL PALM IN AFRICA

1.3 DEVELOPMENT OF THE OIL PALM PLANTATION INDUSTRY

1.4 DEVELOPMENT OF THE INDUSTRY SINCE 1950

1.5 DEVELOPMENT METHODS

1.6 TRADE IN AND USE OF OIL PALM PRODUCTS

Chapter 2: The Classification and Morphology of the Oil Palm

2.1 CLASSIFICATION OF OIL PALMS

2.2 THE AFRICAN OIL PALM,

E. GUINEENSIS

JACQ

2.3 THE AMERICAN OIL PALM,

E. OLEIFERA

(HBK) CORTES

2.4 THE

E. GUINEENSIS

 × 

E. OLEIFERA

HYBRID

Chapter 3: The Climate of the Oil Palm-Growing Regions

3.1 TEMPERATURE

3.2 RAINFALL, EVAPORATION AND WATER BALANCE

3.3 RADIATION AND ITS EFFECTS

3.4 TOTAL CLIMATE AND OIL PALM GROWTH

Chapter 4: The Soils of the Oil Palm-Growing Regions

4.1 SOIL CLASSIFICATION IN THE EQUATORIAL TROPICS

4.2 SOIL CHARACTERISTICS IMPORTANT FOR THE OIL PALM

4.3. SOIL CHARACTERISTICS UNFAVOURABLE FOR OIL PALM

4.4 HISTOSOLS AND PEATS

4.5 SOILS OF ASIA

4.6 SOILS OF AFRICA

4.7 SOILS OF AMERICA

Chapter 5: Growth, Flowering and Yield

5.1 ANALYSIS OF PLANT GROWTH

5.2 VEGETATIVE GROWTH AND PARTITIONING OF DRY MATTER

5.3 ENVIRONMENTAL AND MANAGEMENT FACTORS

5.4 FLOWERING

5.5 YIELD

Chapter 6: Selection and Breeding

6.1 HISTORY OF SELECTION

6.2 TECHNIQUES USED IN OIL PALM BREEDING AND SELECTION

6.3 VARIATION AND INHERITANCE

6.4 METHODS OF SELECTION AND BREEDING

6.5 SELECTION AND BREEDING IN PRACTICE

6.6 OIL PALM IMPROVEMENT IN THE FUTURE

Chapter 7: Vegetative Propagation and Biotechnology

7.1 HISTORY OF OIL PALM TISSUE CULTURE

7.2 TISSUE-CULTURE METHODS

7.3 ABNORMAL FLOWERING, BUNCH FAILURE AND OTHER PROBLEMS

7.4 CLONE TESTING

7.5 THE FUTURE FOR OIL PALM CLONAL PROPAGATION

7.6 OTHER ASPECTS OF OIL PALM BIOTECHNOLOGY

Chapter 8: Seed Germination and Nurseries

8.1 SEED GERMINATION

8.2 NURSERIES

Chapter 9: Site Selection and Land Preparation

9.1 DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY AND THE OIL PALM PLANTATION

9.2 CHOICE OF SITE FOR OIL PALM PLANTING

9.3 PLANTATION LAYOUT

9.4 FIELD PREPARATION

9.5 USES AND COVERS OF INTERROWS

Chapter 10: The Establishment of Oil Palms in the Field

10.1 PLANTING IN THE FIELD

10.2 SHORTENING THE IMMATURE PERIOD

10.3 SPACING OF PLANTS IN THE FIELD

10.4 PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF FIELD ESTABLISHMENT

Chapter 11: Care and Maintenance of Oil Palms

11.1 CARE OF PALMS AND PLANT COVER

11.2 FIELD MECHANISATION

11.3 IRRIGATION

11.4 ASSISTED POLLINATION

11.5 FRUIT BUNCH HARVESTING

11.6 OIL EXTRACTION RATIO

11.7 PALM AGE AND REPLANTING

11.8 SITE POTENTIALS AND PLANTATION MANAGEMENT

11.9 SMALLHOLDER PLANTATIONS

Chapter 12: Mineral Nutrition of Oil Palms

12.1 GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF PLANT NUTRITION

12.2 PALM UPTAKE SYSTEMS

12.3 NUTRIENT DEFICIENCY AND ITS CONTROL: FIELD EXPERIMENTS

12.4 NUTRIENT DEFICIENCY AND ITS CONTROL: VISUAL SYMPTOMS AND LEAF ANALYSIS

12.5 SOIL COMPOSITION AND PLANT NUTRITION

12.6 PRACTICAL SYSTEMS FOR FERTILISER ASSESSMENT

12.7 RECYCLING AND LOSSES OF NUTRIENTS

12.8 DEFICIENCIES AND TOXICITIES IN SPECIAL AND UNUSUAL SOILS

12.9 PRACTICAL MANAGEMENT OF FERTILISERS

Chapter 13: Diseases of the Oil Palm

13.1 DISEASES OF GERMINATING SEEDS

13.2 SEEDLING DISEASES

13.3 ADULT PALM LEAF DISEASES AND DISORDERS

13.4 STEM AND ROOT DISEASES

13.5 DISEASES OF THE BUD OR STEM APEX

13.6 DISEASES OF THE BUNCHES AND FRUIT

13.7 OTHER ABNORMAL CONDITIONS

13.8 PLANT QUARANTINE

Chapter 14: Pests of the Oil Palm

14.1 INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT

14.2 NURSERY PESTS

14.3 LEAF PESTS OF IMMATURE PALMS: AFRICAN SPEAR BORER

14.4 STEM DAMAGE TO YOUNG PALMS