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- Herausgeber: Jazzybee Verlag
- Kategorie: Religion und Spiritualität
- Sprache: Englisch
"The Sacred Writings Of ..." provides you with the essential works among the Christian writings. The volumes cover the beginning of Christianity until medieval times. Contents: The First Epistle of Clement to the Corinthians Chapter I.-The Salutation. Praise of the Corinthians Before the Breaking Forth of Schism Among Them. Chapter II.-Praise of the Corinthians Continued. Chapter III.-The Sad State of the Corinthian Church After Sedition Arose in It from Envy and Emulation. Chapter IV.-Many Evils Have Already Flowed from This Source in Ancient Times. Chapter V.-No Less Evils Have Arisen from the Same Source in the Most Recent Times. The Martyrdom of Peter and Paul. Chapter VI.-Continuation. Several Other Martyrs. Chapter VII.-An Exhortation to Repentance. Chapter VIII.-Continuation Respecting Repentance. Chapter IX.-Examples of the Saints. Chapter X.-Continuation of the Above. Chapter XI.-Continuation. Lot. Chapter XII.-The Rewards of Faith and Hospitality. Rahab. Chapter XIII.-An Exhortation to Humility. Chapter XIV.-We Should Obey God Rather Than the Authors of Sedition. Chapter XV.-We Must Adhere to Those Who Cultivate Peace, Not to Those Who Merely Pretend to Do So. Chapter XVI.-Christ as an Example of Humility. Chapter XVII.-The Saints as Examples of Humility. Chapter XVIII.-David as an Example of Humility. Chapter XIX.-Imitating These Examples, Let Us Seek After Peace. Chapter XX.-The Peace and Harmony of the Universe. Chapter XXI.-Let Us Obey God, and Not the Authors of Sedition. Chapter XXII.-These Exhortations are Confirmed by the Christian Faith, Which Proclaims the Misery of Sinful Conduct. Chapter XXIII.-Be Humble, and Believe that Christ Will Come Again. Chapter XXIV.-God Continually Shows Us in Nature that There Will Be a Resurrection. Chapter XXV.-The Phoenix an Emblem of Our Resurrection. Chapter XXVI.
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The Sacred Writings of Clement of Rome
Contents:
Pope Clement I
The Sacred Writings of Clement of Rome
INTRODUCTORY NOTE TO THE FIRST EPISTLE OF CLEMENT TO THE CORINTHIANS.
The First Epistle of Clement to the Corinthians
Chapter I.-The Salutation. Praise of the Corinthians Before the Breaking Forth of Schism Among Them.
Chapter II.-Praise of the Corinthians Continued.
Chapter III.-The Sad State of the Corinthian Church After Sedition Arose in It from Envy and Emulation.
Chapter IV.-Many Evils Have Already Flowed from This Source in Ancient Times.
Chapter V.-No Less Evils Have Arisen from the Same Source in the Most Recent Times. The Martyrdom of Peter and Paul.
Chapter VI.-Continuation. Several Other Martyrs.
Chapter VII.-An Exhortation to Repentance.
Chapter VIII.-Continuation Respecting Repentance.
Chapter IX.-Examples of the Saints.
Chapter X.-Continuation of the Above.
Chapter XI.-Continuation. Lot.
Chapter XII.-The Rewards of Faith and Hospitality. Rahab.
Chapter XIII.-An Exhortation to Humility.
Chapter XIV.-We Should Obey God Rather Than the Authors of Sedition.
Chapter XV.-We Must Adhere to Those Who Cultivate Peace, Not to Those Who Merely Pretend to Do So.
Chapter XVI.-Christ as an Example of Humility.
Chapter XVII.-The Saints as Examples of Humility.
Chapter XVIII.-David as an Example of Humility.
Chapter XIX.-Imitating These Examples, Let Us Seek After Peace.
Chapter XX.-The Peace and Harmony of the Universe.
Chapter XXI.-Let Us Obey God, and Not the Authors of Sedition.
Chapter XXII.-These Exhortations are Confirmed by the Christian Faith, Which Proclaims the Misery of Sinful Conduct.
Chapter XXIII.-Be Humble, and Believe that Christ Will Come Again.
Chapter XXIV.-God Continually Shows Us in Nature that There Will Be a Resurrection.
Chapter XXV.-The Phoenix an Emblem of Our Resurrection.
Chapter XXVI.-We Shall Rise Again, Then, as the Scripture Also Testifies.
Chapter XXVII.-In the Hope of the Resurrection, Let Us Cleave to the Omnipotent and Omniscient God.
Chapter XXVIII.-God Sees All Things: Therefore Let Us Avoid Transgression.
Chapter XXIX.-Let Us Also Draw Near to God in Purity of Heart.
Chapter XXX.-Let Us Do Those Things that Please God, and Flee from Those He Hates, that We May Be Blessed.
Chapter XXXI.-Let Us See by What Means We May Obtain the Divine Blessing.
Chapter XXXII.-We are Justified Not by Our Own Works, But by Faith.
Chapter XXXIII.-But Let Us Not Owe Up the Practice of Good Works and Love. God Himself is an Example to Us of Good Works.
Chapter XXXIV.-Great is the Reward of Good Works with God. Joined Together in Harmony, Let Us Implore that Reward from Him.
Chapter XXXV.-Immense is This Reward. How Shall We Obtain It?
Chapter XXXVI.-All Blessings are Given to Us Through Christ.
Chapter XXXVII.-Christ is Our Leader, and We His Soldiers.
Chapter XXXVIII.-Let the Members of the Church Submit Themselves, and No One Exalt Himself Above Another.
Chapter XXXIX.-There is No Reason for Self-Conceit.
Chapter XL.-Let Us Preserve in the Church the Order Appointed by God.
Chapter XLI.-Continuation of the Same Subject.
Chapter XLII.-The Order of Ministers in the Church.
Chapter XLIII.-Moses of Old Stilled the Contention Which Arose Concerning the Priestly Dignity.
Chapter XLIV.-The Ordinances of the Apostles, that There Might Be No Contention Respecting the Priestly Office.
Chapter XLV.-It is the Part of the Wicked to Vex the Righteous.
Chapter XLVI.-Let Us Cleave to the Righteous: Your Strife is Pernicious.
Chapter XLVII.-Your Recent Discord is Worse Than the Former Which Took Place in the Times of Paul.
Chapter XLVIII.-Let Us Return to the Practice of Brotherly Love.
Chapter XLIX.-The Praise of Love.
Chapter L.-Let Us Pray to Be Thought Worthy of Love.
Chapter LI.-Let the Partakers in Strife Acknowledge Their Sins.
Chapter LII.-Such a Confession is Pleasing to God.
Chapter LIII.-The Love of Moses Towards His People.
Chapter LIV.-He Who is Full of Love Will Incur Every Loss, that Peace May Be Restored to the Church.
Chapter LV.-Examples of Such Love.
Chapter LVI.-Let Us Admonish and Correct One Another.
Chapter LVII.-Let the Authors of Sedition Submit Themselves.
Chapter LVIII.-Blessings Sought for All that Call Upon God.
Chapter LIX.-The Corinthians are Exhorted Speedily to Send Back Word that Peace Has Been Restored. The Benediction.
Footnotes:
The Sacred Writings of Clement of Rome
Jazzybee Verlag Jürgen Beck
86450 Altenmünster, Germany
ISBN: 9783849621223
www.jazzybee-verlag.de
Cover Design: © Sue Colvil - Fotolia.com
Pope Clement I
By John Chapman
Pope Clement I. (called CLEMENS ROMANUS to distinguish him from the Alexandrian), is the first of the successors of St. Peter of whom anything definite is known, and he is the first of the "Apostolic Fathers". His feast is celebrated 23 November. He has left one genuine writing, a letter to the Church of Corinth, and many others have been attributed to him.
I. THE FOURTH POPE
According to Tertullian, writing c. 199, the Roman Church claimed that Clement was ordained by St. Peter (De Praescript., xxxii), and St. Jerome tells us that in his time "most of the Latins" held that Clement was the immediate successor of the Apostle (De viris illustr., xv). St. Jerome himself in several other places follows this opinion, but here he correctly states that Clement was the fourth pope. The early evidence shows great variety. The most ancient list of popes is one made by Hegesippus in the time of Pope Anicetus, c. 160 (Harnack ascribes it to an unknown author under Soter, c. 170), cited by St. Epiphanius (Haer., xxvii, 6). It seems to have been used by St. Irenaeus (Haer., III, iii), by Julius Africanus, who composed a chronography in 222, by the third- or fourth-century author of a Latin poem against Marcion, and by Hippolytus, who see chronology extends to 234 and is probably found in the "Liberian Catalogue" of 354. That catalogue was itself adopted in the "Liber Pontificalis". Eusebius in his chronicle and history used Africanus; in the latter he slightly corrected the dates. St. Jerome's chronicle is a translation of Eusebius's, and is our principal means for restoring the lost Greek of the latter; the Armenian version and Coptic epitomes of it are not to be depended on. The varieties of order are as follows:
·Linus, Cletus, Clemens (Hegesippus, ap. Epiphanium, Canon of Mass).
·Linus, Anencletus, Clemens (Irenaeus, Africanus ap. Eusebium).
·Linus, Anacletus, Clemens (Jerome).
· Linus, Cletus, Anacletus, Clemens (Poem against Marcion),
· Linus, Clemens, Cletus, Anacletus [Hippolytus (?), "Liberian Catal."- "Liber. Pont."].
· Linus, Clemens, Anacletus (Optatus, Augustine).
At the present time no critic doubts that Cletus, Anacletus, Anencletus, are the same person. Anacletus is a Latin error; Cletus is a shortened (and more Christian) form of Anencletus. Lightfoot thought that the transposition of Clement in the "Liberian Catalogue" was a mere accident, like the similar error "Anicetus, Pius" for "Pius Anicetus", further on in the same list. But it may have been a deliberate alteration by Hippolytus, on the ground of the tradition mentioned by Tertullian. St. Irenaeus (III, iii) tells us that Clement "saw the blessed Apostles and conversed with them, and had yet ringing in his ears the preaching of the Apostles and had their tradition before his eyes, and not he only for many were then surviving who had been taught y the Apostles ". Similarly Epiphanius tells us (from Hegesippus) that Clement was a contemporary of Peter and Paul. Now Linus and Cletus had each twelve years attributed to them in the list. If Hippolytus found Cletus doubled by an error (Cletus XII, Anacletus XII), the accession of Clement would appear to be thirty-six years after the death of the Apostles. As this would make it almost impossible for Clement to have been their contemporary, it may have caused Hippolytus to shift him to an earlier position. Further, St. Epiphanius says (loc. cit. ): "Whether he received episcopal ordination from Peter in the life-time of the Apostles, and declined the office, for he says in one of his epistles 'I retire, I depart, let the people of God be in peace', (for we have found this set down in certain Memoirs), or whether he was appointed by the Bishop Cletus after he had succeeded the Apostles, we do not clearly know." The "Memoirs" were certainly those of Hegesippus. It seems unlikely that he is appealed to only for the quotation from the Epistle, c. liv; probably Epiphanius means that Hegesippus stated that Clement had been ordained by Peter and declined to be bishop, but twenty-four years later really exercised the office for nine years. Epiphanius could not reconcile these two facts; Hippolytus seems to have rejected the latter.
Chronology
The date intended by Hegesippus is not hard to restore. Epiphanius implies that he placed the martyrdom of the Apostles in the twelfth year of Nero. Africanus calculated the fourteenth year (for he had attributed one year too little to the reigns of Caligula and Claudius), and added the imperial date for the accession of each pope; but having two years too few up to Anicetus he could not get the intervals to tally with the years of episcopate given by Hegesippus. He had a parallel difficulty in his list of the Alexandrian bishops.
If we start, as Hegesippus intended, with Nero, the sum of his years brings us right for the last three popes. But Africanus has started two years wrong, and in order to get right at Hyginus he has to allow one year too little to each of the preceding popes, Sixtus and Telesphorus. But there is one inharmonious date, Trajan 2, which gives seven and ten years to Clement and Euaristus instead of nine and eight. Evidently he felt bound to insert a traditional date — and in fact we see that Trajan 2 was the date intended by Hegesippus. Now we know that Hegesippus spoke about Clement's acquaintance with the Apostles, and said nothing about any other pope until Telesphorus, "who was a glorious martyr." It is not surprising, then, to find that Africanus had, besides the lengths of episcopate, two fixed dates from Hegesippus, those of the death of Clement in the second year of Trajan, and of the martyrdom of Telesphorus in the first year of Antoninus Pius. We may take it, therefore, that about 160 the death of St. Clement was believed to have been in 99.
Identity
Origen identifies Pope Clement with St. Paul's fellow-labourer, Phil., iv, 3, and 80 do Eusebius, Epiphanius, and Jerome — but this Clement was probably a Philippian. In the middle of the nineteenth century it was the custom to identity the pope with the consul of 95, T. Flavius Clemens, who was martyred by his first cousin, the Emperor Domitian, at the end of his consulship. But the ancients never suggest this, and the pope is said to have lived on till the reign of Trajan. It is unlikely that he was a member of the imperial family. The continual use of the Old Testament in his Epistle has suggested to Lightfoot, Funk, Nestle, and others that he was of Jewish origin. Probably he was a freedman or son of a freedman of the emperor's household, which included thousands or tens of thousands. We know that there were Christians in the household of Nero (Phil., iv, 22). It is highly probable that the bearers of Clement's letter, Claudius Ephebus and Valerius Vito, were of this number, for the names Claudius and Valerius occur with great frequency in inscriptions among the freedmen of the Emperor Claudius (and his two predecessors of the same gens) and his wife Valeria Messalina. The two messengers are described as "faithful and prudent men, who have walked among us from youth unto old age unblameably", thus they were probably already Christians and living in Rome before the death of the Apostles about thirty years earlier. The Prefect of Rome during Nero's persecution was Titus Flavius Sabinus, elder brother of the Emperor Vespasian, and father of the martyred Clemens. Flavia Domitilla, wife of the Martyr, was a granddaughter of Vespasian, and niece of Titus and Domitian; she may have died a martyr to the rigours of her banishment The catacomb of Domitilla is shown by existing inscriptions to have been founded by her. Whether she is distinct from another Flavia Domitilla, who is styled "Virgin and Martyr", is uncertain. (See FLAVIA DOMITILLA and NEREUS AND ACHILLEUS) The consul and his wife had two sons Vespasian and Domitian, who had Quintilian for their tutor. Of their life nothing is known. The elder brother of the martyr Clemens was T. Flavius Sabinus, consul in 82, put to death by Domitian, whose sister he had married. Pope Clement is rep resented as his son in the Acts of Sts. Nereus and Achilleus, but this would make him too young to have known the Apostles.
Martyrdom
