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- Herausgeber: 50Minutes.com
- Kategorie: Sachliteratur, Reportagen, Biografien
- Serie: History
- Sprache: Englisch
Keen to learn but short on time? Get to grips with the life and career of Josip Broz Tito in next to no time with this concise guide.
50Minutes.com provides a clear and engaging analysis of the life of Josip Broz Tito, Marshal of Yugoslavia, who exercised a decisive influence on the country’s history from the end of the Second World War in 1945 to his death in 1980. In particular, he defied Stalin’s leadership of the international Communist movement, opened up his country to Western influences and played a key role in the foundation and early days of the Non-Aligned Movement. The years following his death saw widespread political turmoil and a series of bloody internecine wars, and the country he had helmed for decades officially ceased to exist in 1992.
In just 50 minutes you will:
• Find out about the events leading up to the foundation of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
• Understand Tito’s role in the Second World War and the Cold War, including the establishment of the Non-Aligned Movement
• Learn about the key events in the history of Yugoslavia and the nation’s eventual dissolution
ABOUT 50MINUTES.COM | History & Culture
50MINUTES.COM will enable you to quickly understand the main events, people, conflicts and discoveries from world history that have shaped the world we live in today. Our publications present the key information on a wide variety of topics in a quick and accessible way that is guaranteed to save you time on your journey of discovery.
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Seitenzahl: 31
Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2018
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TITO
KEY INFORMATION
Born: 7 May 1892 in Kumrovec, Austria-Hungary (present-day Croatia).Died: 4 May 1980 in Ljubljana, Yugoslavia (present-day Slovenia).Main achievements:Role in the Yugoslav resistance and fierce opposition to the Nazis.Unification of Yugoslavia under a Communist regime.Policy of non-alignment and recognition of minority rights.INTRODUCTION
Josip Broz, better known as Tito, stands out as one of the figures who had the greatest and most enduring influence on the history of a European nation during the 20th century. For 35 years, from 1945 to his death in 1980, he governed the now-defunct state of Yugoslavia. He led a successful resistance movement throughout the Second World War (1939-1945), and although he openly defied Stalin and the USSR at the beginning of the Cold War, he chose not to align his country with the Western Bloc.
As such, he was one of the driving forces behind the creation of the Non-Aligned Movement in 1961, which brought together all the countries which did not side with either of the two global superpowers at that time, namely the USA and the USSR. He was also the movement’s first Secretary-General, holding the position from its foundation until 1964, and throughout the Cold War Yugoslavia was its only European member state.
After Tito’s death in 1980, Yugoslavia only survived for 12 more years, dissolving in 1992 amid a series of bloody wars between its constituent republics.
BIOGRAPHY
Tito in 1961.
Josip Broz was born on 7 May 1892 in Croatia, which at that time was part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. His father was Croatian and his mother was Slovenian, and he was their seventh child. He grew up in a world that was in the midst of a period of major social and economic change.
SERVICE IN THE AUSTRO-HUNGARIAN ARMY
The fact that Broz was from a peasant family meant that his schooling was inconsistent, and three years after leaving school at the age of 12, he left his village to become a metalworking apprentice in a factory in the city. There, he discovered the burgeoning labour and trade union movements. In 1911, at the age of 19, he set off on a two-year journey across the Austro-Hungarian and German Empires, against the backdrop of the Balkan Wars which were ravaging the Balkan Peninsula at that time. In late 1913, he was conscripted into the Austro-Hungarian army, and after completing training for non-commissioned officers, he was promoted to the rank of sergeant major.
THE BALKAN WARS
In 1912, the Balkan League, comprising the Christian nations of Serbia, Bulgaria, Greece and Montenegro, declared war on the Muslim Ottoman Empire, which had been left weakened by a war in which it had lost Libya and other territories to Italy.
In the ensuing six-month conflict, the Balkan League conquered almost all of the Ottoman Empire’s territory in Eastern Europe, which its members shared among themselves; furthermore, the European powers recognised Albania as an independent state. However, not all the victors were happy with the outcome of the war: Bulgaria felt cheated because it had not received the share of territory that had previously been agreed upon, and declared war on its former allies.
The Second Balkan War began on 16 June 1913, but Bulgaria’s resources had been drained by the previous conflict and it failed to achieve its objectives. Romania then entered the war in order to acquire territory that Bulgaria has promised it but subsequently refused to cede. Bulgaria surrendered in July 1913, when Romanian troops were advancing on Sofia.
