Transportation Management Land & Sea, Aviation and Infrastructure Concepts E-Book

• Herausgeber: Books on Demand
• Kategorie: Fachliteratur
• Sprache: Englisch

Seitenzahl: 117

Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2022

Beschreibung

Transportation Management Concepts especially under the COVID circumstances.

Das E-Book Transportation Management Land & Sea, Aviation and Infrastructure Concepts wird angeboten von Books on Demand und wurde mit folgenden Begriffen kategorisiert:
logistic, Land & Sea Transport, Aviation Management, Infrastructure management, Transportation Management

Leseprobe

These Case Studies were written by students at the ISM International School of Management. The international students have visited the lecture “Transportation Management” with the three modules in Land & Sea Transport, Aviation Management and Infrastructure Management.

Content

1.

Transportation Management IoT and AI Concepts at UPS - Analyzing the Land & Sea and Aviation Structure

Julien GEMAYEL

2.

Transportation Management and Industry 4.0 at DHL - Analyzing the influence of COVID on the processes

Akash Ravindra PARALE.

3.

Transportation Management Concepts at DHL and Eviation, Bejing Infrastructure Management at Industry Ltd.

Denisse Sarai Cecilia CHIPRE RIVAS

Transportation Management IoT and AI Concepts at UPS - Analyzing the Land & Sea and Aviation Structure

Julien GEMAYEL

A Land & Sea Transport, Aviation Transport Abstract:

Purpose: Forecasting traffic in the logistics industry has always been a difficult task because of the enormous number of factors that affect it and the inherent unpredictability that comes with each of these variables.

Methodology: The interviews will be conducted with supply chain managers and logistics and transportation managers in UPS to collect data. Furthermore, for the Aviation and Internet of things, data was gathered from 200 employees working in Lufthansa who answered a survey consisting of 10 questions.

Results: With hundreds of thousands of maritime, and road assets transportation has significant potential for IoT networks and UPS should focus on adopting them. Lufthansa tends to use Internet of Things in its aviation operations to monitor weather, schedule and simulate flights.

Limitations: There are a few IoT devices that may see a rise in value if they were placed in the foot. This research paper addressed only the land and sea operations for UPS and the aviation operations of Lufthansa using the Internet of things, the paper could have been expanded by providing a comparative study between these two companies.

Contributions: Fuel price volatility and rising transportation demand should be taken into account in future studies. Cloud computing has proven to be a vital part of massive data processing and scalability for the Internet of Things (IoT).

Introduction

Using information and communication technologies (ICTs) to search, gather, analyze, and disseminate data through worldwide telecommunication networks, the digitalization effort is a massive undertaking. The so-called "Fourth Industrial Revolution" is now underway (Industry 4.0) (Nambajemariya & Wang, 2021). The introduction of new materials, the transfer to new technologies for manufacturing products, automation of production processes, and the use of innovations in logistics are the primary development themes in the digital economy when seen through the lens of production (Aslam et al., 2020).

However, the main problem that is facing UPS is that there are many logistical problems which is resulting in lowering the delivery and by that affecting the operation and the financial performance of UPS, thus we need to study the effect of Internet of Things on the land and sea transportation of UPS.

However, Lufthansa is facing a problem in its aviation transportations and by that this paper will propose the Internet of things for the aviation transportations and its impact on the financial performance and operations as whole.

Forecasting air passenger traffic in the aviation industry has always been a difficult task because of the enormous number of factors that affect it and the inherent unpredictability that comes with each of these variables (Siegfried, 2014a). Based on an intelligent wireless network communication method, this research is focusing on an air transportation management prediction model.

Land & Sea Transport

Literature Review

Internet of Ships: A Survey on Architectures, Emerging Applications, and Challenges

IoT technologies have recently emerged in marine applications, resulting in the establishment of the Internet of Ships (IoS) paradigm. Maritime IoS refers to a network of smart networked items, such as ships, ports, and transportation infrastructure, with the purpose of dramatically enhancing the shipping industry's safety, efficiency, and environmental sustainability via an IoT-based network (Hiekata et al., 2021). Throughout this publication, we give an in-depth analysis of the IoS paradigm, its design, important components, and most salient features. Aside from that, we look at how far the technology has progressed in terms of new applications such as cargo tracking and tracking and berthing, energy-efficient operations and autonomous berthing as well as route planning and optimization according to Psarros (2018). Satellite communications, security, privacy, marine data collection, data management, and analytics offer a road-map for future study in the fields of maritime data collection, data management, and analytics.

Flexible Data Integrity Checking With Original Data Recovery in IoT-Enabled Maritime Transportation Systems

Technology known as the Internet of Things (IoT) has emerged as a potential tool for improving production efficiency and reducing operating costs in a broad range of businesses. Maritime transportation systems (MTS) may be made safer, more efficient, and less costly for ports and shipbuilders by using Internet of Things (IoT) technologies (Siegfried, 2014b). When paired with past data, the massive amounts of real-time data provided by IoT-enabled MTS may be effectively used to anticipate future vessel trajectories and hotspots according to Baalisampang (2018). The integrity of the marine traffic data in MTS must be validated before it can be utilized to anticipate vessel trajectories and high-density zones in standard big data research approaches (Aslam et al., 2020). A configurable data integrity testing approach for IoT-enabled MTS with original data recovery is presented in this work. The data blocks of vessels are encoded using erasure coding in the proposed system. It is possible to verify the presence and integrity of data components saved in the cloud in order to assure the availability of historical data. Furthermore, if the encoded data pieces are damaged or lost, the original data blocks may be restored quickly. The suggested technique may be shown to be proper and safe against malicious assaults, according to security analysis (Siegfried, 2014c). Our plan outperforms the competition, according to the results of our performance study. Integrity checking and data recovery are key terms in the Internet of Things (IoT) and marine transportation systems index according to Mohaimenuzzaman (2016).

Systems analysis for deployment of internet of things (IoT) in the maritime industry

In recent years, the availability of ubiquitous sensors, low-cost digital connectivity, and distributed control technology has led to a revolution in several sectors. A primary goal of this article is to facilitate the deployment of Internet of Things (IoT) technology in the marine sector. For the purpose of developing performance metrics and functions that can be represented and studied via simulation, the marine industry is examined as a system of systems. In this scenario, a ship's operation, cargo loading, fuel loading, and docking for maintenance are all included in the simulation (Hiekata et al., 2021). There are a number of input parameters that may be used to define different IoT technologies in the simulation. The simulator is able to quantify the effect of these technologies by adjusting the settings. Eleven Internet of Things (IoT) technologies are examined and contrasted as a case study. The results show that the ship's weight has the greatest influence on profit, that the most essential aspect of safety is preventing hull damage during operation, and that port efficiency may be improved to cut down on operational delays. The sensitivity analysis in this research reveals that modifying the input parameters may aid in the decision-making process of how much investment will be effective when considering the levels of technology according to Zhang (2019).

The Usage of Internet of Things in Transportation and Logistic Industry

There has been a rapid rise in Internet of Things technologies. The Internet of Things (IoT) is a collection of interconnected electrical, software, sensor, and network-connected items. To design a system that would monitor transportation and logistics applications and issue warnings, or take relevant intelligent actions, utilizing the IoT and AI concepts. The Internet of Things offers a wide range of applications in the transportation and logistics industries, such as the ability to track and monitor IoT vehicles in terms of their movement, position, whether they are running or stopped, or whether they are at danger (Lu et al., 2021). The Internet of Things (IoT) can keep track of all of this and more (Karakus et al., 2019).

Vehicles are used in the logistics industry to transport large, densely packed cargo. Using sensors, the truck's interior parameters, such as temperature, humidity, and light, may be kept under tight control under these situations. The Internet of Things (IoT) might be used to monitor traffic and provide recommendations for alternative routes. Internet of Things (IoT) is a promising method for building powerful systems and applications utilizing wireless devices such as Android sensors and smartphones. It is possible to use IOT in a variety of ways for the transportation and logistics business by combining other technologies like big data analytics and artificial intelligence according to Nambajemariya (2021). The Internet of Things is made up of physical devices, sensors, and microprocessors.

Case Study Methodology Development

Research philosophy is a set of principles for gathering, analyzing, and applying evidence regarding a certain topic. It's important to distinguish between epistemology (what is known to be true) and doxology (what is thought to be true). To conduct this study, the research will use social constructivism, which is a framework for interpreting participants’ experiences through the lens of social constructivism as a result of their interaction, which will be done throughout in-depth interviews in this research.

As a consequence of these observations, hypotheses are offered at the conclusion of the research process using an inductive technique, which is also known as inductive reasoning. The research will implement inductive research to look for patterns in observations and then formulating hypotheses to explain those patterns. It's important to emphasize that an inductive method does not mean that theories should be ignored when coming up with research questions and goals. Starting with specific observations of the world, inductive reasoning proceeds on to more abstract generalizations and concepts. It's common for a researcher to generate empirical generalizations and find early links when doing inductive research, which begins with a subject. To begin, there are no hypotheses to test, and the researcher does not know what sort and nature of results to expect until the research is complete.

Data Collection and Research Strategy

The interviews will be conducted with supply chain managers and logistics and transportation managers with UPS for data collection. The first interviews will be sent out to collect data from all levels of the organization's workforce. During this non-exceptional crisis time, questions were asked to gather information on the attitudes and views of the managers’ about the impact of Internet of things on the performance of the land and sea transport.

In addition, 11 various Internet of Things (IoT) technologies that have an effect on the performance of land and sea transportation in UPS operations (Siegfried et al., 2021a) will be discussed, and these technologies are as follows:

Marine equipment monitoring: More suitable and efficient maintenance may be anticipated when engines and other equipment are closely monitored. IoT data from each piece of equipment may be continually collected and analyzed at the onshore side to identify abnormal conditions. When an abnormal state is discovered, it is possible to do efficient equipment maintenance. For the purposes of this case study, the monitoring of the main engine, voyage equipment, and auxiliary power unit (IDs 1 through 3) is the primary focus.

Marine equipment remote maintenance: In order to decrease downtime and repair costs, real-time information exchange between maritime equipment manufacturers and their customers is necessary. In addition, it is hoped that remote maintenance from the shore would help to prevent emergency stops and decrease the time it takes to recover from an emergency stop. The primary engine (ID 4) and the auxiliary power unit (ID 5) are the focus of the remote maintenance in this case study.

Hull load control system: Technology for managing the hull's weight using IoT technology is not yet in use. However, in other industries, such as manufacturing, the use of a control system has been shown to reduce weariness. Wind turbines, for example, use a pitch angle control to limit wind load fluctuation during operation. By implementing the load control function, which is accomplished via the control of rudder, thrusters, and other auxiliary devices based on IoT data, it is also possible in the marine sector to minimize excessive loads that occur during transit and reduce ship-hull degradation (ID 6). Hull structural monitoring and load control technology advancements are also expected to result in reduced hull weight (ID 7).

Advanced weather routing: There is already weather routing in use. If IoT technology can increase the precision of tracking fuel consumption and meteorological conditions, however, the best fuel efficiency and safe travel will be attained. Weather routing may be tailored to each ship individually thanks to the use of IoT technology (ID 8).

Cargo handling equipment monitoring and automation: With IoT technology continually monitoring cargo handling equipment like cargo handling cranes, maintenance and repair may be performed in advance of equipment breakdown. The increased efficiency of handling equipment and the ability to control it from a distance are both possible outcomes of IoT technology (ID 9).

Streamlining port operation: The effectiveness of port operations is strongly influenced by the logistics planning and administration of all cargoes. The proper functioning of the port should be feasible thanks to IoT technology continually monitoring cargo movement and operation (ID 10).

IoT utilization for ship design: Towing tank tests and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) are used extensively in the ship design process. Using IoT technology, ship design information sharing will be more effective (ID 11).

Results and Discussions

With hundreds of thousands of maritime, and road assets transportation has significant potential for IoT networks and UPS should focus on adopting them. IoT in land and maritime transportation will develop beyond track and trace. Today it is already feasible to follow and monitor a container on a ship in the middle of the Pacific. IoT enables the next generation of track and trace: quicker, more accurate and predictive, and more secure in identifying cargo theft occurrences. The findings of this study align with the findings of (Karakus et al., 2019) which states that Internet of things tend to boost the performance of land & sea transportations.