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- Herausgeber: John Wiley & Sons
- Kategorie: Wissenschaft und neue Technologien
- Sprache: Englisch
- Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2011
Ready, set, code! A user-friendly guide introducing the C programming language to new and intermediate coders The C programming language and its direct descendants are widespread and among the most popular programming languages used in the world today. The enduring popularity of C continues because C programs are fast, concise, and run on many different systems. Flexible and efficient, C is designed for a wide variety of programming tasks: system-level code, text processing, graphics, telecommunications, and many other application areas. C All-in-One Desk Reference For Dummies is for beginning and intermediate C programmers and provides a solid overview of the C programming language, from the basics to advanced concepts, with several exercises that give you real-world practice. C All-in-One Desk Reference For Dummies covers everything users need to get up to speed on C programming, including advanced topics to take their programming skill to the next level. Inside you'll learn * The entire development cycle of a C program: designing and developing the program, writing source code, compiling the code, linking the code to create the executable programs, debugging, and deployment * The intricacies of writing the code -- the basic and not-so-basic building blocks that make up the source code * Thorough coverage of keywords, program flow, conditional statements, constants and variables, numeric values, arrays, strings, functions, pointers, debugging, prototyping, and more * Dozens of sample programs you can adapt and modify for your own use Written in plain English, this friendly guide also addresses some advanced programming topics, such as * Programming for the Linux/Unix console * Windows and Linux programming * Graphics programming * Games programming * Internet and network programming * Hardware programming projects The book includes a handy appendix that shows you how to set up your computer for programming, how to select and use a text editor, and fix up the compiler, to ensure you're ready to work the author's examples. Written by Dan Gookin, the author of the first-ever For Dummies book (and several others) who's known for presenting complex material in an easy-to-understand way, this comprehensive guide makes learning the C programming language simple and fun. Grab your copy of C All-in-One Desk Reference For Dummies, so you can start coding your own programs.
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C All-in-One Desk Reference For Dummies
by Dan Gookin
C All-in-One Desk Reference For Dummies®
Published byWiley Publishing, Inc.111 River St.Hoboken, NJ 07030-5774www.wiley.com
Copyright © 2004 by Wiley Publishing, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana
Published by Wiley Publishing, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana
Published simultaneously in Canada
No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise, except as permitted under Sections 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, (978) 750-8400, fax (978) 646-8600. Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, 201-748-6011, fax 201-748-6008, or online at http://www.wiley.com/go/permissions.
Trademarks: Wiley, the Wiley Publishing logo, For Dummies, the Dummies Man logo, A Reference for the Rest of Us!, The Dummies Way, Dummies Daily, The Fun and Easy Way, Dummies.com, and related trade dress are trademarks or registered trademarks of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and/or its affiliates in the United States and other countries, and may not be used without written permission. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Wiley Publishing, Inc., is not associated with any product or vendor mentioned in this book.
LIMIT OF LIABILITY/DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY: The publisher and the author make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this work and specifically disclaim all warranties, including without limitation warranties of fitness for a particular purpose. No warranty may be created or extended by sales or promotional materials. The advice and strategies contained herein may not be suitable for every situation. This work is sold with the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering legal, accounting, or other professional services. If professional assistance is required, the services of a competent professional person should be sought. Neither the publisher nor the author shall be liable for damages arising herefrom. The fact that an organization or Website is referred to in this work as a citation and/or a potential source of further information does not mean that the author or the publisher endorses the information the organization or Website may provide or recommendations it may make. Further, readers should be aware that Internet Websites listed in this work may have changed or disappeared between when this work was written and when it is read.
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Library of Congress Control Number: 2004102339
ISBN: 978-0-7645-7069-8
Manufactured in the United States of America
10 9 8 7 6 5 4
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About the Author
Dan Gookin has been writing about technology for 20 years. He has contributed articles to numerous high-tech magazines and written more than 90 books about personal computing technology, many of them accurate.
He combines his love of writing with his interest in technology to create books that are informative and entertaining, but not boring. Having sold more than 14 million titles translated into more than 30 languages, Dan can attest that his method of crafting computer tomes does seem to work.
Perhaps Dan’s most famous title is the original DOS For Dummies, published in 1991. It became the world’s fastest-selling computer book, at one time moving more copies per week than the New York Times number-one best seller (although, because it’s a reference book, it could not be listed on the NYT best seller list). That book spawned the entire line of For Dummies books, which remains a publishing phenomenon to this day.
Dan’s most recent titles include PCs For Dummies, 9th Edition; Buying a Computer For Dummies, 2005 Edition; Troubleshooting Your PC For Dummies; Dan Gookin’s Naked Windows XP; and Dan Gookin’s Naked Office. He publishes a free weekly computer newsletter, “Weekly Wambooli Salad,” and also maintains the vast and helpful Web site www.wambooli.com.
Dan holds a degree in communications and visual arts from the University of California, San Diego. He lives in the Pacific Northwest, where he enjoys spending time with his four boys in the gentle woods of Idaho.
Publisher’s Acknowledgments
We’re proud of this book; please send us your comments through our online registration form located at www.dummies.com/register/.
Some of the people who helped bring this book to market include the following:
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Cartoons: Rich Tennant, www.the5thwave.com
Composition
Project Coordinator: Maridee Ennis
Layout and Graphics: Karl Brandt, Denny Hager, Joyce Haughey, Stephanie D. Jumper, Michael Kruzil, Melanee Prendergast, Jacque Roth, Julie Trippetti, Mary Gillot Virgin
Proofreaders: Arielle Carole Mennelle, Dwight Ramsey, Brian H. Walls
Indexer: Infodex Indexing Services Inc.
Publishing and Editorial for Technology Dummies
Richard Swadley, Vice President and Executive Group Publisher
Andy Cummings, Vice President and Publisher
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Publishing for Consumer Dummies
Diane Graves Steele, Vice President and Publisher
Joyce Pepple, Acquisitions Director
Composition Services
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Debbie Stailey, Director of Composition Services
Contents
Title
Introduction
Why Bother with C When C++ Is Obviously Blah-Blah-Blah?
About This Here Dummies Approach
How This Book Works
Icons Used in This Book
Final Thots
Book I : Hello, C
Chapter 1: Your Basic C Program
The Section Where the Author Cannot Resist Describing the History of C
Time to Program!
The C Skeleton
Chapter 2: How It All Works
Your Computer Programming Bag of Tools
The C Programming Language
Putting It Together in the Editor
Making a Program
Chapter 3: More Basics, Comments, and Errors
Simple “Hello” Programs
Adding Comments, Remarks, and Suggestions
Debugging
Chapter 4: Introducing Numbers and Variables
Going Numb with Numbers
Introduction to Variables
The Official Introduction to Basic Math Operators
Chapter 5: More Variables and Basic I/O
The Good Ol’ char Variable
Getting Input from the Keyboard
Summary of Basic Text I/O Functions
Chapter 6: Decision Time
Making Decisions with if
else , the Anti- if Statement
Or Else!
Making Multiple Decisions
Chapter 7: Looping
Presenting the for Loop
Endless Loops
Nesting Loops
The 17,576 Names of God
Multiple for Conditions
Chapter 8: Using Constants
Are Constants Necessary?
Constants: The Anti-Variable!
Other Things You Can #define
Chapter 9: Mysterious Math
Math Review
The Sacred Order of Precedence
Say It Out Loud: Unary Operators!
Incrementing and Decrementing and Loving It
Other Cryptic Math Shortcuts
Chapter 10: It’s Only Logical
Comparisons from Hell
Here Are Your Logical Operators, Mr. Spock!
Multiple Madness with Logical Operators
Book II : Middle C
Chapter 1: Variables from Beyond Infinity
Review of C Language Variable Types
Signed, Unsigned, Soap, No Soap, Radio
Fair and Unfair Variables
Typecasting and Other Acting Problems
C Language Variable Reference
Chapter 2: The Madness of Printf()
Going Numb with Numbering Systems
Putting Printf() to the Test
Chapter 3: Maniacal Math Functions
The Symbols That C Forgot
Trigonometric Functions
Other Handy Math Functions
Chapter 4: Not Truly Random
Introducing the random() Function
The Diabolical Dr. Modulus
Chapter 5: While Going Loopy
The while Loop
The do-while Loop
Messing with Loops
Chapter 6: More Decision Making
The Old Switch Case Trick
The Weird and Creepy ?: Construct
Bonus Program!
Chapter 7: The Goto Chapter
What Now? Go To!
The Basic goto Thing
Where goto Is Perhaps Needed
Book III : Above C Level
Chapter 1: Asking for Arrays
Beyond Normal Variables
Sorting an Array
Arrays from Beyond the First Dimension!
Bonus Program!
Chapter 2: I Sing of Strings
The Strings Review
The Truth about Strings
Lovely and Handy String Functions
The Boggling Concept of Arrays of Strings
Chapter 3: Messing with Characters
Introducing the CTYPE Functions
Characters That Tell the Truth
Just a Trivial Program Example
Altering Text
Chapter 4: Stinkin’ Structures
Life without Structures
Multivariables!
Arrays of Structures
Structures for the Birds (Nested Structures)
Chapter 5: Creating Your Own Functions
Your Typical Function
Functions That Don’t Func
Using Variables in Functions
Functions That Eat Values
Functions That Return a Value
Functions That Do Both
The Land of No Prototyping
Chapter 6: Quitting Before You’re Done
Abruptly Leaving the main() Function
A Most Graceful Exit
Chapter 7: More Variable Nonsense
The Joys of Hungarian Notation
Beware the typedef Statement!
Other Funky Variable Things
The State of the union
Book IV : Advanced C
Chapter 1: Introduction to Evil Pointers
Basic Boring Computer Memory Stuff
Some Pointers
The Insanity of Pointer Arithmetic
Chapter 2: Getting to the *Point
Pointer Review
And Now, the Asterisk, Please
Using * pointers to Modify Variables
Chapter 3: Binary Bits
Say Hello to Mr. Bit
Basic Bit Twiddling
The Utter Inanity of Binary Logic
Displaying Binary Values
Two Stragglers: ^ and ~
Chapter 4: The Myth of the Array
Pointers and Arrays
Death to the Array!
The Weird Relationship between Pointers and Array Brackets
Arrays and Pointers Summary
Chapter 5: Pointers and Strings
Using Pointers to Display Strings
Distinguishing Strings from Chars
Declaring a String by Using a Char Pointer
Chapter 6: Crazy Arrays of Pointers
Introducing the Pointer Array
Saving Some Space with String Pointer Arrays
Finding Characters in a Pointer String Array
Sorting Strings with Pointers
Chapter 7: Functions and Pointers
Passing a Pointer to a Function
Arrays to and from Functions
Strings, Functions, and Pointers
Chapter 8: Structures, Pointers, and the Malloc Deity
Making Sacrifices to Malloc
Malloc’s More Useful Relatives
Using Pointers and Malloc to Make New Structures
Chapter 9: Does Anyone Have the Time?
No, Seriously: What Time Is It, Really?
Getting the Time
Getting at the Individual Time-and-Date Pieces’ Parts
Just a Sec!
Chapter 10: Building Big Programs
Making Programs with Multiple Modules
The Tiny, Silly Examples
The Big Lotto Program
Chapter 11: Help!
Debugging
Helpful Utilities
Book V : Disk Drive C
Chapter 1: Just Your Standard I/O
Programming without Any I/O
But, What Is Standard I/O?
A Demonstration of Standard I/O
Writing Filters
Chapter 2: Interacting with the Command Line
Reading the Command Line
Running Another Program with system()
Dealing with the Exit Status
Chapter 3: Hello, Disk!
Fopen the Ffile, Fplease
Would You Like Binary or Text with That?
Chapter 4: More Formal File Writing and Reading
Formatted File Input and Output
Reading and Writing File Chunks
Chapter 5: Random Access Files
The Random Access Demonstration
Building a Disk-Based Database
Chapter 6: Folder Folderol
Who Knows What Lurks on Disk?
Grabbing Information about a File with stat()
Reading a Directory
Directories Hither, Thither, and Yon
The Art of Recursion
Chapter 7: Under New File Management
Renaming a File
Deleting a File
Copying or Duplicating a File
Moving a File (The Secret)
Book VI : The Joy of Linked Lists
Chapter 1: Why Linked Lists?
A Review of Database Programming in C
How Linked Lists Work
Chapter 2: Dawn of the Database
The Ubiquitous Bank Account Program
Removing Records from a Linked List
Chapter 3: Storing a Linked List on Disk
From Memory to Disk and Back Again
The Final Code Listing for BANK.C
Chapter 4: The Nightmare of the Double-Linked List
The Theory of the Double-Linked List
An Example of a Double-Linked List
Deleting an Item from a Double-Linked List
Book VII : Appendixes
Appendix A: The Stuff You Need to Know before Reading Everything Else in This Book
Setting Things Up
Making Programs
Appendix B: ASCII Table
Appendix C: Answers to Exercises
Book I: Hello, C
Book II: Middle C
Book III: Above C Level
Book IV: Advanced C
Book V: Disk Drive C
Book VI: The Joy of Linked Lists
Appendix D: C Language Keywords and Operators
Appendix E: C Language Variable Types
Appendix F: Escape Sequences
Appendix G: Conversion Characters
