Dog Handler License & Knowledge Test with Ease – The Practical Guide: With the Necessary Knowledge and Skills to Obtain the Dog Handler License in No Time | Including 5-Week Preparation Plan & Exam Questions E-Book

Sebastian Wiesner

• Herausgeber: ONIX Media
• Kategorie: Lebensstil
• Sprache: Englisch

Seitenzahl: 280

Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2025

Beschreibung

Whether it's tax advantages, the removal of the leash requirement, special breeds, or legal obligations: there are several reasons for dog owners to obtain the dog handler license or knowledge test – and the added benefit of knowing you can rely on each other unconditionally. This book shows you how to easily achieve this goal, both in theory and in practice! Become an expert in development, training, health, and much more in no time, and get to know your best friend from a scientific perspective. With detailed training instructions, structured exercises, and knowledge about legal requirements, this guide helps you pass the test and create a great life with your dog!

Leseprobe

Dog license & certificate of competence with ease

The practice book: With the necessary knowledge and skills to get your dog's license in no time at all

Sebastian Wiesner

All advice in this book has been carefully considered and checked by the author and the publisher. However, no guarantee can be given. The author and publisher therefore accept no liability for any personal injury, property damage or financial loss.

Dog license & certificate of competence with easeCopyright © 2022 Sebastian Wiesnerwww.edition-lunerion.de

All rights reserved, in particular the right to reproduce and distribute the translation. No part of this work may be reproduced in any form (by photocopy, microfilm or any other method) or stored, processed, duplicated or distributed using electronic systems without the written permission of the publisher.

For questions and suggestions:[email protected] 2022

Contents

Foreword

2 hands and 4 paws

Overview

The dog license & certificate of competence

Overview

The test

Learning with the book: Exam preparation & successful learning

Basic knowledge 1 - General

Racial science

Domestication

Development history

Questions to prepare for the theory test

Basic knowledge 2 - Puppy science

Puppy selection

Breeder

Development phases of the puppy

First steps in the new home

Basic equipment

Questions to prepare for the theory test

Basic knowledge 3 - Learning theory & behavior

Habituation & sensitization

Classical & operant conditioning

Praise & Punishment

Pack behavior with humans

Basic commands

Building up training sensibly

Questions to prepare for the theory test

Basic knowledge 4 - Nature of the dog & communication

Body language of the dog

How dogs read - human body language

Communication between humans & dogs

Behavior

Questions to prepare for the theory test

Basic knowledge 5 - Dog health

Vital signs & general impression

Dog diseases

Health care

Vaccinations

First aid & emergency care

Questions to prepare for the theory test

Basic knowledge 6 - Everyday life with the dog

Children & dogs

Road traffic

Problems with the dog

Everyday rules for avoiding conflict

Questions to prepare for the theory test

Practical examination: Exercise catalog

Practical test: Low-distraction environment in a public area

Practical examination: Public area

Practical examination: Inner city area

Bonus: The all-round basic training in 5 weeks

Week 1

Week 2

Week 3

Week 4

Week 5

A bond for life

Solutions

Basic knowledge 1 - General

Basic knowledge 2 - Puppy science

Basic knowledge 3 - Learning theory & behavior

Basic knowledge 4 - Nature of the dog & communication

Basic knowledge 5 - Dog health

Basic knowledge 6 - Everyday life with the dog

Foreword

Dear dog owners, future dog handlers and dog lovers,

Welcome to this book on the subject of "Dog driving licenses". In this book you will learn important background knowledge about the world of four-legged friends. This compact guide provides you with lots of information, practical exercises, applications and a few tips that you can use and implement together with your dog. The individual chapters are simple, understandable and illustrated and are therefore packaged in a clear and interesting format that provides you with detailed background knowledge about dogs as well as the dog license and the certificate of competence with its individual elements.

Thanks to the detailed and clear explanations of the commands and the individual exercises, you can try them out straight away. The respective question blocks at the end of each chapter also serve as optimal preparation for the theory exam.

Now nothing stands in the way of you strengthening and developing your relationship with your four-legged friend and spending a happy life in close friendship.

2 hands and 4 paws

Dogs are often referred to as man's best friend. The four-legged friends wag their tails excitedly and happily when we come home, love it when we spend time with them and stroke them or play with them. But dogs are not only loyal friends for us humans, who accompany us on our journey through life, because we also mean the world to our four-legged friends. The close relationship that we build and develop with our furry friend is both incredibly valuable and enriching. A bond that lasts a lifetime.

Dogs are basically pack animals that develop an instinctive bond with their caregiver. But only very few people know why dogs are such loyal companions, how their contact with humans has developed, which animal species they have evolved from and what all this has to do with so-called domestication, which is why this book provides answers to all these questions and many more.

First of all, however, the book focuses on the dog license and the certificate of competence and explains what is behind the two terms, how both the theoretical part of the test and the practical part are structured and what differences there are between the individual federal states. As this book covers all the background knowledge on the subject, it is ideal for successfully passing the exam. At the end of each basic chapter there is also a block of questions to help you prepare for the theoretical exam.

After explaining general background information on the dog license and the certificate of competence, the book moves on to the first of six chapters on basic knowledge. The first part focuses on general information, such as the breed, domestication and the history of dog development.

The second basic chapter then presents all the important information on puppy science, with the book covering tips on basic puppy selection, the breeder, the puppy's development phases, the first steps together in the new home and sensible basic equipment.

Following on from this, the third basic chapter contains a wealth of information, tips and tricks on learning theory and dog behavior. In the course of this, the pillars of learning theory are discussed. Habituation and sensitization, classical and operant conditioning as well as praise and punishment come to the fore. The next subchapter is then devoted to pack behavior with humans, followed by various instructions on basic commands and tips on how to structure training in a meaningful way.

Chapter four, Basic knowledge, is all about the nature of dogs and their communication. The book sheds light on the body language of furry friends and also provides information on how dogs read human body language. This is followed by further information on communication between humans and dogs and the different behaviors of the four-legged friends.

Of course, the health of dogs should not be ignored, which is the subject of the next block of basic knowledge. The fifth chapter deals with vital signs and general impressions, various dog diseases, preventive health care, vaccinations, first aid and emergency care, so that you are well informed about all potential illnesses and preventive examinations of your four-legged friend.

The sixth and final chapter on basic knowledge then concludes with the everyday life of the dog. The focus here is on general information that needs to be taken into account in everyday life with a four-legged friend. This includes, in particular, legal aspects such as laws, regulations and insurance, but also how to deal with children and dogs, rules in road traffic, everyday problems with dogs and rules for avoiding conflicts.

Before the book concludes with final thoughts, an extra chapter is dedicated to the practical test and presents a catalog of exercises to help you prepare. The bonus chapter that follows on from this, with all-round basic training in five weeks, is intended to guide you once again in your joint training planning.

Overview

The dog license & certificate of competence

The dog license is a certificate of competence for dog owners. It confirms that dog owners have their dogs under control in such a way that they do not pose any danger to people or animals. To obtain the dog license, owners and dogs must pass a test.

The examination to obtain the dog handler's license consists of a practical and a theoretical part. Both the owner's expertise and social compatibility are tested and the dog's basic obedience is assessed. The validity of the dog handler's license is limited to the cohabitation of human and four-legged friend. So if you want to get a new or another dog, you would have to take the test again. The cost of a dog license is usually between 90 and 130 euros, although the amount can vary depending on the federal state and the examiner.

In principle, the Dog Act is a matter for the federal states, which is why there are neither uniform federal regulations nor a nationwide dog license requirement or a uniform dog license. For this reason, clubs and associations determine the test content individually. So if you want to get a new dog or move to another federal state with your four-legged friend, you should definitely check the legal regulations of your chosen federal state in advance. Dog owners must not only comply with the legal requirements at federal level, but also pay particular attention to the regulations at state level. In the worst case scenario, dog owners may face penalties if they fail to comply due to ignorance. Apart from that, it is always worth asking about the local regulations where you live. In many places in Germany, dog owners can even benefit from having a dog license.

Good to know: In Munich, for example, dog lovers receive discounts on dog tax if they have a dog license, and in Hamburg and Schleswig-Holstein the general leash requirement for dogs with a dog license does not apply.

In addition, the dog license must be distinguished from the so-called certificate of competence. Although the terms are used colloquially in the same way, in practice there are differences between the two types of certificate, which are reflected in the different requirements for dog owners in each federal state.

A certificate of competence is also a certificate of qualification that is considered proof of basic theoretical knowledge about dogs and dog ownership. The certificate of competence is not regulated nationwide and is mandatory depending on the federal state and/or breed. In order to obtain the certificate of competence, the owner and dog must pass an examination.

In principle, both types of certificate are a certificate of competence for dog owners. In contrast to a dog license, a certificate of competence always tests theoretical knowledge, whereas a practical test is not always mandatory. However, as there are different types of certificates of competence, these differ significantly depending on the federal state and type of certificate, meaning that some examinations consist of both a theoretical and a practical part.

Therefore, the following also applies to the certificate of competence: Find out about the requirements of the respective authorities in your federal state, as there are different regulations. Depending on the regulations, a certificate of competence may be a prerequisite for keeping dogs in general or only for keeping certain dog breeds. In some federal states, for example, a theoretical certificate of competence must be presented in addition to the certified dog license. As a rule, the examination for the certificate of competence is carried out by recognized dog trainers, veterinarians or experts. In addition, unlike the dog license, the certificate of competence is valid for life.

The different regulations and the variety of different courses on offer often lead to confusion and uncertainty on the part of dog owners. In addition, the differences in the requirements of the exams and the content of the training make it difficult for dog owners to choose. What's more, not every provider can guarantee official recognition of the certificate obtained - be it a dog license or a certificate of competence. This is why it is so important that you find out in advance about the relevant regulations in your federal state and, if applicable, the general conditions of the courses on offer, in order to save yourself additional costs and trouble later on.

Overview

Baden-Württemberg

In principle, no dog license or certificate of competence is mandatory

An official permit is required to keep a fighting dog, for which a certificate of competence is required (theoretical & practical part of the test)

Bavaria

In principle, no dog license or certificate of competence is mandatory

the presentation of a negative certificate for category II dogs is required for the granting of a permit to keep a listed dog

there are no precise regulations on the knowledge required for expertise

the dog license is voluntarily rewarded in some municipalities with a reduction in dog tax

Berlin

In principle, no dog license or certificate of competence is mandatory

General leash obligation

A dog license is required for off-leash driving (theoretical & practical part of the test)

Owners of potentially dangerous breeds require a certificate of competence (theoretical & practical part of the test)

Brandenburg

In principle, no dog license or certificate of competence is mandatory

Owners of fighting dogs require a certificate of competence, whereby a negative certificate can be issued by the competent authority and thus the keeping of the animal is permitted

Bremen

In principle, no dog license or certificate of competence is mandatory

keeping a dangerous dog requires written permission (certificate of competence) from the competent authority

Hamburg

In principle, no dog license or certificate of competence is mandatory

All dogs must be kept on a lead

Exemption from the leash requirement through proof of an obedience test or comparable test (dog license)

Owners of dangerous dogs also need a certificate of competence

Hesse

In principle, no dog license or certificate of competence is mandatory

the keeping of a dangerous dog requires a permit from the competent authority -> this requires a certificate of competence and a positive character test of the dog

Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania

In principle, no dog license or certificate of competence is mandatory

Owners of dangerous dogs need a permit from the responsible regulatory authority, in addition a certificate of competence is required (theoretical & practical part of the test)

LowerSaxony

First-time dog owners must have a dog license (theoretical & practical part of the test) -> the theory test must be taken before the dog is purchased, the practical part must be completed within one year

North Rhine-Westphalia

In principle, no dog license or certificate of competence is mandatory

Owners of dangerous dogs and listed dogs require a certificate of competence

each person who leads the dog must present the corresponding proof

A certificate of competence is also required for large dogs, but only the dog owner must have one

Rhineland-Palatinate

In principle, no dog license or certificate of competence is mandatory

Owners of dangerous dogs require a certificate of competence (theoretical & practical part of the test)

Saarland

In principle, no dog license or certificate of competence is mandatory

Owners of dangerous dogs require a certificate of competence, but this relates exclusively to the dog presented (i.e. no certificate of general competence)

Saxony

In principle, no dog license or certificate of competence is mandatory

Owners of dangerous dogs require a certificate of competence (theoretical & practical part of the test)

Saxony-Anhalt

In principle, no dog license or certificate of competence is mandatory

If the dog belongs to a dangerous breed according to the legal regulations of the federal state, a temperament test is required for permission to keep the dog, in addition a certificate of competence is required (theoretical & practical part of the test)

Schleswig-Holstein

In principle, no dog license or certificate of competence is mandatory

Owners of dangerous dogs require a certificate of competence (theoretical & practical part of the test)

Thuringia

In principle, no dog license or certificate of competence is mandatory

Owners of dangerous dogs require a certificate of competence (theoretical & practical part of the test)

The test

The basic idea behind the test is that the dog owner can obtain valid proof of personal suitability for responsible and proactive handling of their dog in public. Successfully passing the test is regarded as proof of theoretical knowledge about dogs. Furthermore, passing the test proves that the owner has knowledge of legal aspects, has insight into the dog's needs and can competently keep and manage their own dog in public so that danger and/or nuisance can be avoided. The dog license tests the dog owner's specialist knowledge on the one hand and assesses how owner and dog master various everyday situations together on the other. As the dog license is more comprehensive than the certificate of competence and generally covers all the content prescribed by law, the dog license is often accepted by public authorities as a certificate of competence.

The theoretical part

In the theoretical part of the exam, dog owners have to answer several multiple-choice questions on the topics of dog ownership, dog training and dog behavior. However, the topics are not standardized and can vary between the following subject areas, depending on the club and association:

Social behavior and communication of dogs

Education, training and learning theory

Aggression and fear behavior of the dog

Care and keeping of dogs

Knowledge about the different dog breeds

Health and reproduction of dogs

Nutrition for dogs

Rights and laws on keeping dogs

The theory test lasts around 1 to 2 hours, and the theoretical part of the test can often be taken online. In some cases, however, the exam must also be taken with a recognized examiner on site. Once at least 80 percent of all questions have been answered correctly, the theory test is considered successfully passed. Only those dog owners who have passed the theoretical part of the test are also admitted to the practical test.

The practical part

In the practical part of the test, dog owners must prove that they have their dog under control at all times in every conceivable everyday situation. Public places such as dog meadows or pedestrian zones are often visited for this purpose. The practical test can take between two and three hours in total. The practical test is carried out by a specially trained person with proven qualifications. On the one hand, this person assesses both the dog owner's forward-looking and animal-friendly behavior and, on the other hand, pays attention to how the tested dog behaves towards other animals and people. This means that neither the owner nor the dog is tested individually, but rather the respective team. The following points are of particular importance for the practical test:

Obedience of the dog

loose walking of the dog on the leash

Degree of relaxation of the dog

Handling of the dog with crowds, conspecifics or cars

Obeying the most important basic commands by the dog

Even if your first attempt at the test is not immediately successful, you don't need to worry. This is because the dog license test can be repeated as often as you like - both the theory and the practice, and completely independently of each other. In addition, there are a number of admission requirements that owners and dogs must meet in order to take part in the tests. Although these can be determined individually, the following basic requirements apply for participation in the examinations:

The dog owner must be at least 16 years old.

The dog must be at least 12 months old, although an age of two to three years is recommended, depending on the dog's maturation process.

Proof of valid dog liability insurance must be presented for the dog.

Proof of sufficient vaccination protection for the dog in accordance with the legal provisions of the respective federal state must be provided by means of an EU pet passport. The animal also requires an implanted microchip, which can be used to identify the dog.

On the day of the practical test, the dog must be healthy, free of parasites, not in heat and in good physical condition to take the test.

The dog may only be led through the test once per day.

Learning with the book: Exam preparation & successful learning

Every exam is always associated with a certain amount of basic nervousness, but you can counteract this in advance with a good and intensive study phase. How, where and with whom you study is entirely up to you. One option, of course, is to find out about the relevant club or association website for your place of residence, regardless of where you want to take the exam. You will often find what you are looking for there and be provided with helpful information and various literature recommendations.

Another option is to read this book carefully and work through it to acquire the relevant knowledge on the subject. This book is explicitly suitable for successfully passing the dog driving license and the certificate of competence. It provides basic knowledge in several parts and concludes with a list of questions and answers for targeted preparation.

In addition to this book, it is also advisable to watch some videos on the Internet that provide an insight into the practical part of the exam. The videos can also help with active preparation, which you should definitely integrate into your exam preparations. You should practise different everyday situations with your dog, rehearse common commands and take your dog to busy places to train in various encounter situations. In preparation for the practical test, it can also be helpful to contact dog schools or animal shelters, which often offer suitable courses.

Tips for exam preparation

Structured learning plan:

Gain an overview of the entire learning material

divide the learning material into sub-areas

think about how much time you need for each part and then create a schedule -> avoid time pressure

Define clear goals and schedule breaks

Create a productive learning environment and put your cell phone away

Celebrate successes and reward yourself from time to time -> Celebrate stage victories

Make lists and overviews on index cards, write summaries and repeat what you have learned over and over again

sometimes it helps to imagine what you have learned in pictures and visualize the subject matter with them

Ask others to quiz you on what you have learned

Stay positive and calm, eat healthily and get enough sleep

Basic knowledge 1 - General

Racial science

The foundations for peaceful and relaxed coexistence are laid even before your dog moves in with you. When looking for the right breed of dog, most people read a lot of books, consult search engines on the Internet or ask around among their friends. In many cases, the dog is chosen according to its breed, which is certainly a good first step. Nevertheless, just as with us humans, the character of the dog is decisive. The same dog breeds from the same litter can be completely different and react differently to everyday family life. No dog breed is better than another. Because every dog can be the perfect dog for the person who has consciously chosen the breed, including its respective characteristics, and is able to deal with it.

The Fédération Cynologique Internationale, or FCI for short, is the largest cynological umbrella organization, whereby cynology refers to the study of breeds, diseases, behaviour, training, breeding and care of domestic dogs. The FCI is therefore not only responsible for the classification of dog breeds into specific groups, but also determines the breed and breeding standards. The association therefore defines a breed description that must apply to the dog in order for it to be officially recognized as a pedigree dog.

The Fédération Cynologique Internationale was originally founded on May 22, 1911 by associations from Germany, France, the Netherlands and Belgium. The aim of the founding members was to support and protect both pedigree dog breeding and cynology. Although the activities of the FCI were briefly suspended during the First World War, they were revived in 1921. The organization now has 98 members and contracting partners, each of which produces its own pedigrees for dogs and trains highly qualified judges. The FCI is not only the largest umbrella organization for pedigree dog breeding worldwide, but also the highest authority for dog culture. Through its members and contracting partners, the FCI ensures the welfare of dogs, supports selective breeding and promotes genealogical registration. It also ensures the health of pedigree dogs and promotes relationships between people and dogs. In total, the FCI recognizes over 350 different breeds, each of which is the property of a country, which in turn is considered the country of origin of that breed. In cooperation with the FCI Scientific and Standards Commission, each country of origin establishes the standards for its breeds by describing the ideal type of each breed. Due to the large number of breeds, the FCI has divided them into a total of 10 groups containing breeds of the same type with related characteristics. Within the groups, there are also further sections that serve to differentiate more deeply between dog breeds that are already similar in type.

Group 1: Herding and driving dogs

The first group of the FCI consists of two sections: herding dogs or sheepdogs and working dogs, with the exception of the Swiss Mountain and Cattle Dog. Both herding and driving dogs are working dogs whose greatest common feature is their willingness to work. As the name suggests, herding and driving dogs are often used for herding and driving. The dog breeds that belong to Section 1 are very intelligent and alert. Due to their agility, they can also be used for various dog sports. In general, herding dogs quickly subordinate themselves to humans and herd cattle particularly quickly and without excessive dog barking. On the other hand, section 2 herding dogs bring their herd together more often with barking.

The FCI classifies sheepdogs as including the Australian Kelpie, the Belgian Shepherd Dog, the German Shepherd Dog, the Old English Sheepdog, the Bearded and Border Collie, the Bergamasque Shepherd Dog, the Australian Shepherd Dog, the Scottish Shepherd Dog and the Dutch Shepherd Dog. The Australian Sheepdog, the Ardennes Sheepdog and the Flanders Sheepdog are classified as herding dogs.

Group 2: Pinscher and Schnauzer - Molosser - Swiss Mountain and Cattle Dogs

The common feature of the dog breeds that the FCI classifies in Group 2 is their protective and hunting instinct. Pinschers, Schnauzers, Molossers and Swiss Mountain and Cattle Dogs are characterized by their helpfulness, alertness, strong nerves and pronounced territorial awareness. The dogs in the second group often demonstrate their qualities through their barking.

Section 1 of Group 2, the Pinschers, includes, for example, the Danish-Swedish Farm Dog, the Affenpinscher, the German Pinscher, the Doberman, the Giant Schnauzer, the Schnauzer and the Miniature Schnauzer, the Austrian Pinscher, the Dutch Smoushund and the Russian Black Terrier. The dog species in the first section are generally known for their robustness and their talent as guard dogs.

In the 2nd section, the FCI lists dogs that appear threatening to people due to their size and strong build. They may be great protectors, but they need experienced dog owners. Well-known breeds in the second section include the mastiff-like dogs, the German Boxer, the Rottweiler, the Bulldog, mountain dogs and St. Bernards. Many breeds in the second section of group 2 are considered so-called list dogs in Germany, which are classified as dangerous due to their breed.

In Section 3, the FCI classifies the Swiss Mountain Dog, which would also fit into Group 1 due to its characteristic as an attentive watchdog. This subgroup also includes the Appenzell Mountain Dog, the Bernese Mountain Dog, the Entlebuch Mountain Dog and the Greater Swiss Mountain Dog.

Group 3: Terriers

The third group of the Fédération Cynologique Internationale comprises all terrier breeds and is subdivided into four sections. Section 1 includes the high-breed terriers. The FCI assigns the Brazilian Terrier, the German Hunting Terrier, the Border Terrier and the Irish Terrier to this section. The 2nd section includes low-moving terriers, such as the Australian Terrier, the Norfolk Terrier, the West Highland White Terrier, the Jack Russell Terrier, the Japanese Terrier and the Czech Terrier. Section 3 classifies the bull-type terriers, which include the Bull Terrier, the Miniature Bull Terrier, the Staffordshire Bull Terrier and the American Staffordshire Terrier. The term dwarf terrier is used in Section 4 to refer to particularly small terriers such as the Australian Silky Terrier, the English Toy Terrier and the Yorkshire Terrier. In general, terriers are among the dog breeds that are very courageous and correspondingly self-confident. Although their appearance may be cheeky under certain circumstances, terriers are nevertheless playful, cuddly, affectionate and, above all, loyal dogs that always need something to do and love to learn new tricks.

Group 4: Dachshunds

Group 4 of the FCI comprises the Dachshund breed and consists of only 1 section. The Dachshund, also known as the dachshund or dachshund, is the only representative in its group. The Dachshund is characterized by its elongated body and its short but strong legs. Dachshunds have great self-confidence, are capable of learning, fearless and equally stubborn. Nevertheless, Dachshunds are a wonderful breed for a family with children. The FCI classifies both long-haired, short-haired and rough-haired Dachshunds in Group 4. In addition to the classification of the coat, the fourth group also includes the Standard Dachshund, the Miniature Dachshund and the Rabbit Dachshund, as the breed can look different depending on the color and length of the coat.

Group 5: Pointe and primitive type dogs

The fifth FCI group is divided into 7 sections. The dog breeds belonging to this group are similar in appearance due to their pointed ears and pointed nose. In addition, some of the older breeds have thick and resistant coats, reminiscent of their ancestors - the wolves. Group 5 dog breeds are smart, independent and know how to defend their territory. The Spitz dog breeds are excellent working animals which, depending on the sub-breed, are used for herding, hunting or as companion, guard, sled and herding dogs.

Nordic dog breeds are assigned to the first 3 sections of the FCI classification, which differ in their respective functions. Section 1, the Nordic Sled Dogs, includes the Groenland Dog, the Canadian Eskimo Dog, the Samoyed, the Alaskan Malamute and the Siberian Husky. The Nordic hunting dogs in Section 2 include the Norwegian Lundehund, the Swedish Elkhound and the Finnish Spitz. The Swedish Lapphund, the Finnish Lapphund and the Icelandic Hound, on the other hand, are representatives of Section 3, the Nordic guard and herding dogs.

In sections 4 and 5, the FCI distinguishes between the European Spitz and the Asian Spitz and related breeds. For example, the German Spitz and the Italian Volpino are representatives of Section 4, while the Chow Chow, the Eurasier, the Akita, the Kishu and the Shiba are well-known breeds of Section 5. Dog breeds whose nose and eyes are ideally suited for hunting are referred to as archetypes of Section 6. The FCI classifies breeds such as the Canaan Dog, the Pharaoh Dog, the Mexican Hairless Dog, the Peruvian Hairless Dog and the Basenji as archetypes.

Section 7 lists the dog breeds that are used specifically for hunting. In this section, the FCI includes the Cirneco Dell'etna, the Portuguese Podengo, the Ibiza Podenco, the Taiwan Dog and the Thailand Ridgeback.

Group 6: Running dogs, welding dogs and related breeds

The sixth group of the Fédération Cynologique Internationale comprises 3 sections in which the good hunters among the dog breeds are divided. The dogs in these groups are characterized by a natural desire to work and hunt. Among the hounds recognized by the FCI in Group 6 are large, medium and small hounds. The large representatives of Section 1 include the bloodhound, the Brazilian hound, the Billy, the English foxhound and the American foxhound. The Harrier, the Swiss hound and the Tyrolean Bracke belong to the medium-sized hounds and the Beagle, the Swiss hound and the German Bracke to the small hounds. Running dogs are generally characterized by their agility, which they display when chasing their prey.

Unlike hounds, sighthounds do not chase their game. Instead, they specialize in tracking down injured game and pursuing it. However, only three dog breeds belong to Section 2: the Bavarian Mountain Welding Dog, the Hanoverian Welding Dog and the Alpine Dachsbracke. In the category of related breeds, the FCI includes the Dalmatian and the Rhodesian Ridgeback in Section 3. Nowadays, these dog breeds are no longer used for hunting, but are more suitable as family and companion dogs.

Group 7: Pointing dogs

In Group 7, the FCI differentiates between the Continental Pointing Dogs and the British and Irish Pointing Dogs, whereby the majority of the dog breeds belong to the first of the two sections.

Section 1 includes the Old Danish Pointing Dog, the Pudelpointer, the Bracco Italiano, the Große Münsterländer Pointing Dog, the Drentsche Patrijshond and the Bohemian Rauhbart. Section 2