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- Herausgeber: John Wiley & Sons
- Kategorie: Fachliteratur
- Sprache: Englisch
While the topic of heat and mass transfer is an old subject, the way the book introduces the concepts, linking them strongly to the real world and to the present concerns, is particular. The scope of the different developments keeps in mind a practical energy engineering view.
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Seitenzahl: 406
Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2018
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Table of Contents
Cover
Preface
Introduction
1 Fundamental Equations of Conduction
1.1. Introduction
1.2. General equations of conduction
1.3. Equations of conduction in different coordinate systems
1.4. Reading: metal tempering
2 Conduction in Steady State and Applications
2.1. Introduction
2.2. Equations of conduction in steady state
2.3. Applying to single-layer walls
2.4. Concept of thermal resistance
2.5. Applying to composite or multi-layer walls
2.6. Applying to cylindrical walls
2.7. Applying to composite cylindrical walls
2.8. Applying to spherical walls
2.9. Case of composite spherical walls
2.10. Convective-type boundary conditions: case of a single-layer wall
2.11. Composite walls with convective boundary conditions
2.12. Parallel resistances with convective boundary conditions
2.13. Composite cylindrical pipes with convective boundary conditions
2.14. Composite spherical installations with convective boundary conditions
3 Conduction Applications in Thermal Insulation
3.1. Introduction
3.2. The main insulation materials
3.3. Choosing a suitable thermal insulator
4 Conduction Applications in the Reduction of Heat Losses in Construction
4.1. Introduction
4.2. Thermal building regulations
4.3. Calculating losses through building partitions
4.4. Calculating losses through glass walls
4.5. Optimizing energy choices for building heat insulation
4.6. Reading: financing energy renovations, innovative schemes
5 Conduction with Energy Generation
5.1. Introduction
5.2. Plane conductor with generation
5.3. Cylindrical conductor with generation
5.4. Conduction in rectangular fins
6 Conduction in Transient State
6.1. Introduction
6.2. Methods for resolving the conduction equation
6.3. Discretizing the heat equation
6.4. Implementing the discrete heat equation
6.5. Developing precise analytical solutions in the one-dimensional case
6.6. Approximate analytical solutions
6.7. Graphical method for solving the heat equation
6.8. Case study: comparison of graphical and numerical methods
6.9. Reading: Jean-Baptiste Biot
7 Exercises and Solutions
Appendix: Database
A.1. Introduction
A.2. Collision diameters and interaction energies
A.3. Ω
AB
values based on Lennard-Jones potential
A.4. Diffusion volumes
A.5. Densities
A.6. Heat capacities
A.7. Heat conductivities
A.8. Data on heat insulation materials
A.9. Physical properties of water
A.10. Physical properties of air
A.11. ω
1
values for the analytical solution of heat equations
A.12. A
ω1
values
A.13. Γ function
A.14. Bessel functions
A.15. Unit conversion tables
A.16. Fundamental constants
Bibliography
Index
End User License Agreement
Guide
Cover
Table of Contents
Begin Reading
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G1
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e1
Energy Engineering Set
coordinated byAbdelhanine Benallou
Volume 2
Energy Transfers by Conduction
Abdelhanine Benallou
First published 2018 in Great Britain and the United States by ISTE Ltd and John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, this publication may only be reproduced, stored or transmitted, in any form or by any means, with the prior permission in writing of the publishers, or in the case of reprographic reproduction in accordance with the terms and licenses issued by the CLA. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside these terms should be sent to the publishers at the undermentioned address:
ISTE Ltd27-37 St George’s RoadLondon SW19 4EUUKwww.iste.co.uk
John Wiley & Sons, Inc.111 River StreetHoboken, NJ 07030USAwww.wiley.com
© ISTE Ltd 2018
The rights of Abdelhanine Benallou to be identified as the author of this work have been asserted by him in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
Library of Congress Control Number: 2018944776
British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
A CIP record for this book is available from the British Library
ISBN 978-1-78630-275-5
Preface
“Never regret the time that was needed for doing good.”Joseph Joubert,“De la sagesse [Wisdom]”,Pensées, essais et maximes [Thoughts, Essays and Maxims],Chapter IX, 1866
For several years, I have cherished the wish of devoting enough time to the writing of a series of books on energy engineering. The reason is simple: for having practiced for years teaching as well as consulting in different areas ranging from energy planning to rational use of energy and renewable energies, I have always noted the lack of formal documentation in these fields to constitute a complete and coherent source of reference, both as a tool for teaching to be used by engineering professors and as a source of information summarizing, for engineering students and practicing engineers, the basic principles and the founding mechanisms of energy and mass transfers leading to calculation methods and design techniques.
But between the teaching and research tasks (first as a teaching assistant at the University of California and later as a professor at the École des mines de Rabat, Morocco) and the consulting and management endeavors conducted in the private and in the public sectors, this wish remained for more than twenty years in my long list of priorities, without having the possibility to make its way up to the top. Only providence was able to unleash the constraints and provide enough time to achieve a lifetime objective.
This led to a series consisting of nine volumes:
–
Volume 1
: Energy and Mass Transfers;
–
Volume 2
: Energy Transfers by Conduction;
–
Volume 3
: Energy Transfers by Convection;
–
Volume 4
: Energy Transfers by Radiation;
–
Volume 5
: Mass Transfers and Physical Data Estimation;
–
Volume 6
: Design and Calculation of Heat Exchangers;
–
Volume 7
: Solar Thermal Engineering;
–
Volume 8
: Solar Photovoltaic Energy Engineering;
–
Volume 9
: Rational Energy Use Engineering.
The present book is the second volume of this series. It concerns the study of conduction heat transfer.
As we will see, the calculation methods established in this book present multiple applications in engineering: heat exchanger design and sizing, energy conservation, thermal insulation, metal tempering, etc.
A series of exercises is presented at the end of the book, aimed at enabling students to implement new concepts as rapidly as possible. These exercises are designed to correspond as closely as possible to real-life situations occurring in industrial practice or everyday life.
Abdelhanine BENALLOUJune 2018
Introduction
Conduction is one of the most important heat exchange mechanisms. It occurs by contact-continuity between systems. Energy is transferred, step by step through a medium, by transmission of the excitations of an atom to the neighboring atoms.
The present volume from the Energy Engineering set is devoted to studying heat conduction in detail. It highlights the equations that govern the phenomenon, and then applies them to a number of practical situations. In this context, special attention is paid to calculation methods used in analyses aiming at energy conservation. This involves, for example, calculating energy fluxes dissipated through the inner walls of industrial furnaces, financial assessment of heat losses and the choice of the economic thickness for thermal insulation.
Within the same context, great importance is placed in calculations allowing the implementation of regulations of thermal installations in buildings which define building energy efficiency requirements that are mandated by different countries. Implementation of these regulations usually involves determining the heat losses passing through the walls of heated or air-conditioned buildings.
Such applications are not only important to observe applicable laws and regulations, but they generally prove to be instrumental in researching energy savings in furnaces, steam pipes, reactors, freezing circuits, etc.
Chapter 1 of this volume is dedicated to establishing general equations translating energy balances in conduction, in different coordinate systems (plane, cylindrical and spherical). Applying a balance approach, conduction equations are put in place for the most general situations: systems in transient or stationary state, with or without internal energy generation.
Subsequently (Chapter 2), these equations are used to solve a number of physical problems of interest to the engineer: heat transfer through a simple, plane wall, loss through a multi-layer wall composed of several inner walls and transfer through cylindrical jackets (steam pipes, for example) or spherical containers (storage reservoirs). The choice of the different application examples presented in this chapter was made based on problems usually encountered in industrial practices or in sustainable-development approaches.
Chapter 3 of this volume is reserved for thermal insulation. Within this context, special attention has been devoted to heat lagging materials, given their importance in actions aiming at reducing energy loss. The appendix provided at the end of this document presents a set of data that offers guidance in choosing which insulation to use. Moreover, this data enables the reader to perform the calculations required in order to validate a lagging material for a given project. Indeed, the technical and economic analyses carried out in this chapter show that thermal insulation can lead to important reductions in overall production costs.
Chapter 4 is reserved for thermal analyses of buildings where the study of heat losses through the walls (which may or not be glazed) of a building leads to the estimation of the annual costs of these energy losses. These analyses are conducted bearing in mind that, in different countries, new thermal regulations impose rigorous constraints on the permitted heat losses of new constructions.
Next, Chapter 5 examines conduction problems in the presence of energy generation. They correspond to practical situations that are encountered in exothermic reactors or in fuel tubes of nuclear reactors, or in radiators used to dissipate surplus heat resulting from electronic circuit operation.
Chapter 6 details the different methods for solving conduction problems in transient state. They provide answers to common engineering problems, particularly in the field of metal tempering (Cengel, 1998).
The last chapter of this volume is devoted to presenting a number of exercises and their solutions. Note that when choosing these exercises, our aim was to stay as close as possible to the reality of industrial operations and to practical energy engineering problems.
