Family E-Book

James E. Hughes

• Herausgeber: John Wiley & Sons
• Kategorie: Fachliteratur
• Serie: Bloomberg
• Sprache: Englisch

Seitenzahl: 515

Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2010

Beschreibung

Why do some families thrive for generations? What accounts for the sad deterioration that others experience? This book takes families and the professionals who serve them beyond the now widely accepted practices offered in Family Wealth and offers a view of Hughes's panoramic insights into what makes families flourish and fail. It lays out the basis for the vision of family governance the author has been developing through his work and research. His advice addresses not only what to do but how to think about the complex issues of family governance, growth, and stability and the ongoing challenge of nurturing the happiness of each family member.

Leseprobe

Table of Contents

Praise

Title Page

Copyright Page

Dedication

PREFACE

Acknowledgements

Introduction

Family Wealth: Laying the Foundation

Drawing From the World’s Wisdom

The Personne de Confiance

Essential Questions for the Family of Affinity

PART ONE - Families of Affinity Their Nature and Practices

Chapter One - A Family of Affinity

The Family and Its Functions

Defining Affinity

Chapter Two - Defying a Proverb

From Shirtsleeves to Shirtsleeves in Three Generations

Escaping the Fate of the Proverb

Chapter Three - Obstacles to Affinity The Seven Paradoxes

The Seven Paradoxes

Chapter Four - The Physics of Affinity

Against Entropy: Postponing the Inevitable

Fusion: The Power of Connection

The Pace of Growth

The Sphere of a Family’s Energy

The Calculus: Start Where You Are

PART TWO - Defining the Journey

Chapter Five - Essentials for Success

Beauty as Harmony

“The Way” and Its Definition of Time

Leadership

Buddhist Insights

Illusion: The Journey’s Obstacle

Chapter Six - Happiness Finding the Spiritual Path

Ancient Wisdom

Christianity and Three Parables

Chapter Seven - Self-Actualization

The Developmental Stages of Life

The Challenge of Midlife

Carl Jung: Finding the Whole Person

A Woman’s Conflict

Chapter Eight - The Evolution of Family

The History of Families

Religious Communities as Families

Chapter Nine - From Family to Tribe The Emergence of Governance

A Family’s Evolution

Transitions and Family Governance

The Role of the Elder

The Four Authorities

PART THREE - Principles of Family Governance

Chapter Ten - A System for Joint Decision Making

Family Systems Theory

Family Decision Making

Principles of Governance

Joint Decision Making

The Aristotelian Republic

The Successful Governance System

Chapter Eleven - Participation and Commitment

The Value of Inclusion

Governance as a Compact

Chapter Twelve - Function and Structure

The Family Assembly

The Family Council

The Elders

Checks and Balances

A Constitution

A Confederation of Clans

Chapter Thirteen - Change and Accommodation

An Evolutionary System

All for One

PART FOUR - Family Leadership

Chapter Fourteen - Family as an Organization

Organizations and Their Management

Chapter Fifteen - Ensuring Dynamic Ownership

Lessons From Organizational Management

Chapter Sixteen - The Second Generation Leadership’s Critical Stage

The Dual Mission

Regression to the Mean

Chapter Seventeen - Women and Ownership

A Time of Change

PART FIVE - Tools and Pathfinders

Chapter Eighteen - The Essentials for Learning

The Great Learning Traditions

The Arts

Chapter Nineteen - Educational Assessment Tools

Discovery in Four Steps

Further Discovery

Chapter Twenty - The Personne de Confiance Service Redefined

Today’s Legal Profession: A Failure to Serve

Enter the Personne de Confiance

Service and Commitment

My Transition to Personne de Confiance

Chapter Twenty-One - Roles and Characteristics of a Personne de Confiance

The Role of Number Two

The Role of Confidante

The Role of Intermediary

The Roles of Artist and Patron

My Journey of Service

The Responsibility of Personnes de Confiance as Professionals

The Role of the Professional in the Larger Community

Chapter Twenty- Two - A Father’s Wisdom

A Lawyer’s Practice and Role in Society

Working With Individuals

Working With Organizations

EPILOGUE

APPENDIX - Recommended Reading

INDEX

About Bloomberg

About the Author

PRAISE FOR

Family: The Compact Among Generations

BY JAMES E. HUGHES JR.

“Jay’s words dance off the page as he shares his theory and practice on how we all can inspire future generations to create and fulfill their dreams. His disciplined research and common-sense practices are must-reading for anyone interested in making the world a better place and living every day to its fullest. How fortunate that Jay Hughes has shared his wisdom for all to read.”

—JESSE FINK President, Marshall Street Management

“Jay Hughes, the wisest of counselors to successful families, brings a Renaissance man’s perspective to the most fundamental challenges of family, of wealth, and of continuity. He also brings a deep confidence and optimism for human nature and for the future. Thousands of families have heard Jay’s messages. With this book, new generations of counselors will be able to support even more families. That’s a great gift.

“The deep wisdom Jay shares in this book can only be the result of decades of experience and a special, genuine care for families. His conviction for stewardship is exemplified by this sharing of his unique wisdom with others who counsel families. This book gives honest hope to families seeking healthy and successful continuity, and also to those who serve them and who share Jay’s sincere concern.

“This is the best book ever written for counselors to business families. Thank you, Jay, for sharing your wisdom and passion.”

—JOHN L. WARD Principal, The Family Business Consulting Group Clinical Professor of Family Enterprises, Kellogg School of Management, Northwestern University

“Jay Hughes has changed both the philosophy and vocabulary in family-wealth advising. He is both an historian and innovator, creating context and advice for those families who define their success in much more than financial terms.”

—ELLEN M. PERRY Founder, Wealthbridge Partners, LLC

“Family: The Compact Among Generations is fundamentally a book of deep, translational wisdom based on Jay Hughes’s remarkable reading of philosophy, religion, and psychology as they apply to the complex journey of family life. The book is based on Hughes’s lifetime of service and counsel to families of great wealth, but as I read the book and began to understand its central metaphor—“shirtsleeves to shirtsleeves in three generations”—words other than family kept coming to mind, words like community, society, and citizenship. Hughes may not have intended the metaphor to apply to the journey of the human race, but in a world precariously balanced between disastrous decline and the potential for the resolution of major social dilemmas, it is the investment in human capital and the awakening of the citizen within that will tell the difference.

“This book is a gift. Read it. And when you do, consider its wisdom from your individual and family persona and your public persona.”

—PETER KAROFF Founder and Chairman, The Philanthropic Initiative Author of The World We Want: New Dimensions inPhilanthropy and Social Change (AltaMira Press)

“Chapter after chapter, I marveled at how this most gifted counselor to families wove together his heart, intellect, and soul into a tapestry of discovery and profound learning on families. This book helps the rest of us—first to see the whole, then to grasp the wonder of so many interwoven threads of family business, leadership, and communications. Just glancing at the bibliography of Family reveals the depth and breadth of the journey in store for the reader. What a gift for those within a family, for those who advise families, and for all of us who are pilgrims on both journeys!”

—CHARLOTTE B. BEYER Founder and CEO, Institute for Private Investors

“In the world of wealthy families, James Hughes is a seer. The knowledge presented in this book extends to any family concerned about future generations. Wisdom is scarce nowadays, but Hughes delivers an abundance of useful packets blended with insights from history and philosophy.”

—JOHN O’NEIL President, The Center for Leadership Renewal

“Family takes us straight to the heart of Jay Hughes’s lifework, with intelligence, humility, and great insight. By inviting us inside his personal journey from lawyer to leader of the discipline of wealth consultation, which he helped found, Family tells the reader what is necessary in order to truly become a personne de confiance. Strategies for multigenerational family leadership, family governance, and family unity are offered in the context of Jay’s personal evolution—he offers guidance on the developmental changes needed within oneself in order to fully understand and be effective in working with families. Even more, he brilliantly brings together key ideas from philosophy, social sciences, and religion to inform and inspire the reader’s personal journey. Family is among the precious few books that effectively interweave high-level thinking with the emotion of a personal journey, wisdom from the heart with tactical advice. It is a book to be read and enjoyed not only by those in the field of wealth consulting/counseling but by all of us whose work and personal identity are found in the role of confidant, adviser, counselor, or coach—guided by, as Family prescribes, the importance of placing high value on trust, integrity, deep understanding, and humble, effective leadership.”

—DR. STEPHEN GOLDBART AND JOAN DIFURIA Codirectors, Money, Meaning & Choices Institute

“Once again, Jay has authored a timeless, essential guide on the challenges faced by generations of family wealth. Family: The Compact Among Generations is a must-read for everyone in the wealth-management industry and a valuable tool for patriarchs and matriarchs who must ultimately contend with the “shirt sleeves to shirt sleeves in three generations” phenomenon. Jay’s new philosophical viewpoints are as relevant today as they were a thousand years ago: The sleep of the laborer is sweet, whether he eats little or much, but the abundance of a rich man permits him no sleep.”—Ecclesiastes 5.12

—PETER E. “TONY” GUERNSEY JR. President, Wilmington Trust FSB New York

“Another groundbreaking book from Jay Hughes. He provides a broad perspective on how to challenge families to thrive over multiple generations.”

—CHARLES W. COLLIER Senior Philanthropic Adviser, Harvard University

“Mr. Hughes brings important new concepts to the forefront—the role of ‘affinity’ in family enterprises as a force that forms an inclusive rather than exclusive system. He also articulates the role of the second generation as it has never before been addressed, pointing out the dual mission forced on all wealth inheritors, the critical issue of trusting others, and the impact of regressing to the mean. This book must be read by all owners who find themselves inheriting wealth!”

—SARA S. HAMILTON Founder and CEO, Family Office Exchange

“Our journey of learning continues! Jay has extended his seminal work on preserving family wealth with this tapestry of thought—weaving concepts from fields as disparate as physics and philosophy into the experiences he has amassed during his life of service to families—to create an extraordinary treatise.”

—MARY K. DUKE Managing Director, Head of HSBC Private Bank’s Global Family Wealth Initiative

“Jay Hughes’s prescription for the family of affinity combines the wisdom of the ages with the compassionate pragmatism of an experienced professional. For families wanting to stay together and prosper in every sense of the word, Jay’s book is the book.”

—PETER WHITE Vice Chairman, U.S. Trust Company

Also by James E. Hughes Jr.

Family Wealth—Keeping It in the Family:How Family Members and Their Advisers Preserve Human,Intellectual, and Financial Assets for Generations

Also available from BLOOMBERG PRESS

The Dilemmas of Family Wealth:Insights on Succession, Cohesion, and Legacyby Judy Martel

A complete list of our titles is available at www.bloomberg.com/books

Attention Corporations

This book is available for bulk purchase at special discount. Special editions or chapter reprints can also be customized to specifications. For information, please e-mail Bloomberg Press, [email protected], Attention: Director of Special Markets or phone [phone].

© 2007 by James E. Hughes Jr. All rights reserved. Protected under the Berne Convention. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews. For information, please write: Permissions Department, Bloomberg Press, 731 Lexington Avenue, New York, NY 10022, U.S.A. or send an e-mail to [email protected].

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This publication contains the author’s opinion and is designed to provide accurate and authoritative information. It is sold with the understanding that the author, publisher, and Bloomberg L.P. are not engaged in rendering legal, accounting, investment-planning, or other professional advice. The reader should seek the services of a qualified professional for such advice; the author, publisher, and Bloomberg L.P. cannot be held responsible for any loss incurred as a result of specific investments or planning decisions made by the reader.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Hughes, James E. Jr.

p. cm.

Summary: “A resource for families and professionals, expanding on the principles presented in Family Wealth, explaining the author’s insights on what makes families flourish, and laying out his comprehensive vision for family governance”--Provided by publisher.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN-13: 978-1-57660-024-5 ISBN-10: 1-57660-024-6

1. Family. 2. Generations. 3. Success. 4. Human capital. 5. Financial security. I. Title.

HG734.H9166 2007

646.7’8--dc22 2007010743

Acquired by Jared Kieling

Edited by Mary Ann McGuigan

This book is dedicated to the pilgrimspast, present, and future on their journey toserve families, who, like the pilgrims inThe Canterbury Tales, walk along together,telling each other their stories.

PREFACE

The journey is the reward.

—PROVERB

WELCOME TO THOSE who have been on the pilgrimage, wearing your round hats and your scallop shells and carrying your staffs. I hope the journey that we began together in Family Wealth has brought you closer to the goal of growing great families. Welcome also to all new pilgrims beginning the same journey.

In Family Wealth I offered the view of a family governance system of joint decision making, founded on the idea that a family can preserve itself for more than three generations. To do so, the family as a whole—gently assisted by its financial capital—must nurture the human and intellectual capital of each family member.

When I wrote Family Wealth, I felt I had some insights to share on the entropic effects of the proverb “From shirtsleeves to shirtsleeves in three generations”—which predicts a family’s growth, stagnation, and dissipation—and on the philosophical, governance, vision, mission, benchmarking, and relationship practices a family could use to retard them. I am happy to say that many of those practices are now being used by families all over the world, and they seem to be making a difference. I am even happier to report that many of those families do not possess great financial wealth, so the practices are filtering down to benefit larger segments of society. What’s more, a growing number of practitioners are now using the vocabulary I introduced to explain the practices, particularly the concepts surrounding growing and enhancing a family’s human and intellectual capital. The increasing popularity of this approach means that many more families will have a chance to consider and employ these practices in their journeys toward happiness.

In the ten years since the first publication of Family Wealth and the three years since its republication by Bloomberg Press in 2004, friends, peers, and clients of all income levels have asked me repeatedly to explain the philosophy that underlies my work and to chart how the ideas were developed. I was concerned, however, that it would appear hubristic to attempt to assert these ideas as a philosophy and to offer that philosophy as a set of practices a family could use as it seeks to avoid the fate of the shirtsleeves proverb. Ultimately, however, I decided that the potential benefits to families outweigh that risk and the even greater risk that I might be flat wrong and could do harm to those I most wish to help.

Family: The Compact Among Generations was born of that decision. It is a book of ideas and its intent is to explain to families and to the professionals who serve them the ideas that helped shape the philosophy and the practices that I’ve learned can help a family combat the entropic fate of the proverb. Indeed, these ideas can help a family avoid indefinitely the outcome the proverb predicts.

No proverb as culturally universal and ancient as this one can truly be overcome. But can its fulfillment be delayed? My answer is yes, provided we as family members and professionals are prepared for the lifelong journey of finding useful answers to the many questions that will confront us. In Family, I ask readers to consider what some of those questions will be. It is in the questions we ask and in the experiential searches we undertake to find our answers that our deepest learning occurs. Stick with the questions and the answers will ultimately emerge. There is, however, one overriding provision: hasten slowly. Find the best answer, not the one nearest by.

Please know that there are no answers I can offer that will definitely cancel the proverb’s entropic dictate. Indeed, providing answers would not only be hubristic but likely cause the harm that acting irresponsibly always does. A family has two hundred years or more to reach its fifth generation and to go on from there to flourish. This is the span of the journey toward greatness. Only those families who take the long view—adopting the tortoise’s view of time—will make this journey successfully. After all, it is not for lack of understanding of the human condition that the Chinese, with the oldest continuously recorded history of any culture, chose the tortoise as their symbol of longevity. The two tortoises I keep as fetishes on my desk remind me that time is a very useful ally for families on their journeys, provided they and those who serve them don’t waste it.

It has long been my hope to share my journey of learning with others and, by doing so, to honor my mentors, my teachers, and the families I’ve served, who have taught me with infinite patience all I know about the question of growing a great family. My goal is to honor them by sharing my understanding of their teachings in a way that will reduce the human suffering expressed in the proverb. I hope to offer families and the professionals who serve them a way to imagine how they can dynamically preserve a family and help them see a path they can follow on the journey to achieving that goal. To all who might be considering this journey, I hope in some small way to offer encouragement that it can be made successfully, albeit with many pitfalls, twists, turns, and canyons.

We have much territory to cover. And what is my starting point for a voyage of such magnitude? I believe that any journey undertaken to help others must begin by asking with humility, Will I do harm before I do good? If I can satisfy myself that I will not do harm, then I can ask, How can I help?

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

FIRST AND FOREMOST I wish to acknowledge my clients, the hundreds of families around the world who honored me by asking for my service and my help and, most important, who taught me so much of what I know. I honor them most by honoring their privacy.

I also wish to honor

• the extraordinary contribution to this book and to my life of my mentor and dear friend, Richard Bakal, whose life work has been to find and teach excellence in how to grow a great family. Dick is a man for whom only the noble truth of reality is acceptable. His constant questioning, pushing, and prodding have made me far more than I otherwise would be. Thank you, Dick.

• the work of my daughter, Ellen Berry Hughes Webster, who copyedited every chapter of my manuscript. Thank you, Bee.

• the help of my life partner, Jacqueline Merrill, and of my twenty-one-year partner in the service of our clients, Anne D’Andrea, for their deep caring and love for me for each of their editorial contributions. Thank you, Jacquie and Anne.

• the work of Mary Ann McGuigan, executive developmental editor at Bloomberg. It is Mary Ann’s work you’re experiencing in its excellence. Thank you, Mary Ann.

• my father, James E. Hughes Sr., and my mother, Elizabeth B. Hughes, for the creation of our Buermann Hughes family of affinity. Thank you, Mom and Dad.

I’m grateful also to Ann Cassella and Rose Casella, who typed every page of my manuscript from my atrocious handwriting.

I also wish to honor and thank the following readers of my manuscript for their help and willingness to persevere: Patricia Angus, Kristin Armstrong, Dick Bakal, Tim Belber, Charlotte Beyer, Marna Broida, Joanie Bronfman, Ulrich Burkhard, Martin Bury, Paul Cameron, David Cohn, Charles Collier, Mary Duke, Bryan Dunn, Peter Evans, Jesse Fink, Kathryn Fulton, Dan Garvey, Robert H. Gibson Jr., Ed Granski, Lisa Gray, Sara Hamilton, Anne Hargrave, George Harris, Katherine Heath, Robert Y. C. Ho, Will Hughes, Dennis Jaffe, Nicola Jones, Peter Karoff, Don Kozusko, Bill Lyons, Valerie Maxwell, Kathryn McCarthy, Stanley D. Neeleman, Bill O’Brien, John O’Neil, Ed Orazem, Ellen Perry, Ken Polk, Robert Rikoon, Ned Rollhaus, Hill Snellings, Bente Strong, John Trask, Frank Wallis, John Warnick, Chester Weber, John Webster, Ellen Webster, Keith Whitaker, and Peter White.

Next, I honor and thank the men and women with whom I have been lucky enough to share this journey. Each of you is a dear friend and colleague whose work every day reduces suffering and increases human happiness: David Altshuler, Alec Anderson, Christopher and Judy Armstrong, Agnes Auyeung, Brett Barth, Ed Bastian, Nan-b de Gaspe Beaubien, Louis Begley, Renata Bernhoeft, Art Black, David Bork, Alice Bowers, Olivia Boyce-Abel, Joseph Breiteneicher, Laura Brevetti, William Bricker, Jean Brunel, Matthew Burton, Nathalie Rollhaus Burton, John Campbell, Paul Caron, Jon Carroll, Carol Carruthers, Marty Carter, Richard Caruso, Mark Casella, Michael Casey, Jim Chandler, Gail Cohen, Chalan Colby, Paul Comstock, Simon Cox, Greg Curtis, John Dadakis, Victor D’Andrea, Serge D’Araujo, Peter Davis, Francois de Visscher, William Dietel, Joan diFuria, Amy Domini, Emilo A. Dominianni, Rob Drucker Jr., John Duncan, Gerald Dunworth, Horst Duseberg, Robert Elliott, Jim Ellis, John Enteman, Martin Escher, Virginia Esposito, Simon Evans, George Farnham, Kate Fering, Joseph A. Field, Betsy Fink, Michael Fisher, Jennifer Fletcher, Rick Fogg, Biff Folberth, Arthur Frank, M.E. Freeman, James Frye, David Gage, Heidi Steiger Gallo, Christine Galloway, David Garcia, Claire Gaudiani, Barry Geller, Kelin Gersick, Barbara Hughes Gibson, Robert H. Gibson, Barbara Gill, Joline Godfrey, Stephan Goldbart, James Goldschmidt, Hartley Goldstone, Jim Goodfellow, Joe Goodman, Martyn Goossen, Davidson T. Gordon, Jody Green, Herbert Grossman, Richard Grossman, James Grubman, Tony Guernsey, Jamie Gutteridge, Karen Harris, Barbara Hauser, Tim Hawkins, Richard Hay, Alan Heath, Fredda Herz-Brown, Patrick Ho, Steve Hoch, David Horn, Alan Houghton, Jack J.T. Huang, Alyssa Johl Hughes, Nancy R. Hughes, Peter Hughes, Neen Hunt, Mimi Hutton, Norman Inkster, Nancy Jacobs, Dan Jaech, Jamie Johnson, Stephen Johnson, Alan Jones, Jim Jones, Gerard F. Joyce, Dirk Junge, Werner Kaech, Wendy Kane, Kenneth Kaye, John F. King, Katie Kinsey, Christopher Knowdell, Nancy Elizabeth Knowdell, Adele Kozusko, Ellen Kratzer, William Kreisel, Kaycee Krysty, Maria-Elena Lagomasino, John and Jill Lahey, Nancy Lamb, Ivan Lansberg, Raquel Laredo, Barbara Lawrence, Robert Lawrence, Jim Lawson, John de Lande Long, David MacDonald, Juan Carlos Marino, Marilyn Mason, Elizabeth Mathieu, Bernice McCarthy, Richard McCune, Brian McNally, William Mears, Robert Meijes, Drew Mendoza, Juan and Virginia Meyer, Leon M. and Joan Meyers, William J. Miller, Sam Minzberg, Raymond Moore, Todd Morgan, Frank Mutch, Diane Neiman, Stephen Nelson, Walter Noel, Mark O’Connell, Mary Adams O’Connell, Galen Oelkers, Pat O’Neil, Jessie O’Neill, Michael Orr, Richard Pease, Judith S. Peck, Jennifer Pendergast, Michael Peretz, Hap Perry, Michael Pfeiffer, Ken Polk, Florence Pratt, Karen Putnam, Tom Ragan, Rick Reibesell, Ellen Remmer, Ralph Rittenour, Tom Rogerson, Catherine Rollhaus, Brian Rose, Evan Roth, Jane Gregory Rubin, Mark Rubin, Jim Ruddy, Roberta Ruddy, Eric Ryan, Roy Ryan, Lal Sani, Suresh Sani, Peter Scaturro, Carolyn Schuham, Joachim Schwass, Paul Setlakwe, Michael Smith, Peter Sperling, Peter Steingless, David Steinman, Howard Stephenson, Christian Stewart, Eric Stoeckli, Tim Taylor, Elisabeth Hughes Templeton, Rob Templeton, Michael Thompson, Nick Thomson, Richard Tinervan, Terrence Todman, Debra Treyz, Lorraine Tzavaris, Ernst van den Biggelaar, Maarten Van Hengel Jr., Charles Vaughn-Johnson, Steve Vetter, Philip Vineberg, Jan Von Haeften, Andreas von Planta, Eugene Wadsworth, John Ward, Rashad Wareh, Ron Weiss, G. Warren Whitaker, Thayer Willis, Hunter Wilson, Kathy Wiseman, Vincent Worms, Ralph Wyman, Kana Yamada, Ken Yamashita, Shoya Zichy, Henry Ziegler, Andy Zmuda.

INTRODUCTION

From shirtsleeves to shirtsleeves in three generations.

—AMERICAN VERSION OF ANCIENT CHINESE PROVERB

SINCE 1993, I have been running, like Forrest Gump, down every road I could find to try to discover an antidote to the tragedy inherent in the proverb “From shirtsleeves to shirtsleeves in three generations,” which predicts a family’s growth, stagnation, and dissipation. I’ve searched for ideas and practices that might give me the courage to believe that I could alter the outcome. Although reading has been my primary method of learning on this journey, the depth of insight I have gained comes from my Virgils—the mentors and elders who asked me the questions that told me where to look next. As Dante’s Divine Comedy teaches us, if our mentors—our Virgils and Beatrices—do not appear, we remain forever in the “dark wood” of our unconscious, trapped there by our fears and desires. Only through the love of our elders and mentors and the questions they present can we find the courage we need to emerge, grow, and continue our journeys. It has been my privilege to honor my elders and mentors by offering help to families and by stepping into the role of mentor.