How to do Good E-Book
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- Herausgeber: London Wall Publishing
- Kategorie: Geisteswissenschaft
- Sprache: Englisch
- Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2016
A collection of extraordinary personal stories from thought leaders, celebrities, statesmen and women, Nobel prize winners, social entrepreneurs, philanthropists and others driving and inspiring positive change.
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How to do good
ESSAYS ON BUILDING A BETTER WORLD
‘How to do good’ is brought to you by the team at Philanthropy Age, a quarterly print and digital edition magazine that sets out to inspire and inform intelligent giving, and to celebrate the great initiatives, fieldwork, foundations and individuals making a difference in our world.
You can find out more atphilanthropyage.com
Contents
Writers and contributors
Phumzile Mlambo-Ngcuka
Around the world, in every nation, women are paid less than men to perform the same job. The head of UN Women argues that if the world hopes to eradicate extreme poverty, then equal pay must lead the agenda
Azim Premji
India’s most generous man on his personal giving journey, his mission to transform public education in India, and the emergence of a bright new generation of Indian philanthropists
Princess Lamia AlSaud
At a time where there is more prosperity and desperate poverty than ever before, the head of Alwaleed Philanthropies argues that more must be done to build a fairer and sustainable world
Nick Grono
Modern slavery is a $150bn industry, and we are all complicit in its growth. We must do more to help the 46 million men, women and children enslaved around the world today, writes the CEO of the Freedom Fund
Melinda Gates
One of the world’s most influential philanthropists shares her thoughts on female empowerment, driving impactful philanthropy, and why the learning never stops when it comes to doing good, well
Matt Damon
Sometimes passion for a cause isn’t enough. Hollywood star Matt Damon on why philanthropy is a learning curve, and we must all be prepared to rip up the script and start from scratch if required
Jimmy Carter
The former US president on the fight against neglected tropical diseases, the scale of the challenge, and why peace and a commitment to human rights is essential for success
Kiran Mazumdar-Shaw
Too often in healthcare, profit comes before the patient. The founder of Biocon argues that getting lifesaving drugs to those who need them most requires drugmakers to innovate, and to re-examine how healthcare is delivered
Judith Rodin
Solving the world’s problems requires more financial muscle than governments, philanthropists and aid agencies can muster. The president of the Rockefeller Foundation says innovative finance is one way to help
Mark Post
The creator of the world’s first laboratory-grown burger believes synthetic meat is the food of the future – and a vital part of the fight to limit climate change and meet the demands of a growing global population
Ron Bruder
The founder of Education For Employment on why unlocking the potential of women will be vital to forging a brighter future for the Middle East and North Africa
Badr Jafar
Social enterprises must think global but act local if they are to make meaningful progress in tackling the world’s greatest challenges, writes philanthropist and businessman Badr Jafar
Filippo Grandi
The world is facing the worst humanitarian crisis of our time, writes the head of the UN’s Refugee Agency. We have a historic responsibility not to turn away but towards those who so desperately need our help
Boris Johnson
The UK Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs on his time as Mayor of London, and his efforts to provide a better future for underprivileged children in the city through The Mayor’s Fund
Princess Astrid of Belgium
The Roll Back Malaria Partnership has helped prevent more than 6 million deaths since 2000, a shining example of what private and public sector cooperation can achieve, says its former special representative
Forest Whitaker
A childhood spent on the streets of Los Angeles has inspired filmmaker Forest Whitaker to help young people touched by conflict, all the way from South Central to South Sudan
Reeta Roy
Africa is rising, writes the CEO of the MasterCard Foundation, thanks to the emergence of a new generation of bright and ethical leaders in business and beyond
Joanne Liu
Aid workers put their lives at risk every day, around the world. More must be done to ensure their safety, insists the international president of Médecins Sans Frontières
Fadi Ghandour
The Arab world’s vast, young population is a benefit not a burden, says entrepreneur Fadi Ghandour – and the region’s private sector has a vital role to play in helping the next generation reach its full potential
Frédéric Oumar Kanouté
Acts of faith are performed by the hands as well as the heart, says former footballer Frédéric Oumar Kanouté, whose own journey has taken him from the football pitches of Europe to the villages of Mali
Özlem Denizmen
Financial literacy can mean the difference between poverty and prosperity for Middle Eastern women in low-income households, writes Turkish television host Özlem Denizmen
Farahnaz Karim
The founder of Insaan Group on why it is more important than ever to evaluate impact, and to put the end user at the heart of our efforts to do good
Caroline Roan
The Pfizer Foundation president on how corporate clout paired with out-of-the-box thinking can achieve global impact, and change the lives of millions of people
Muna Al Gurg
Emirati businesswoman Muna Al Gurg explains how harnessing the immense potential of education and social enterprise can engage and empower Arab youth
Jane Wales
The rise of new donors from the global south, and a willingness to disregard traditonal boundaries, are changing the future of giving, says the founder of the Global Philanthropy Forum
Yao Chen
Dubbed the ‘Queen of Weibo’, Yao Chen is using her vast social media reach to bring the global plight of refugees to the attention of millions of Chinese people
Peggy Dulany
Inheriting family values and the urge to give back is just as important as taking on the family fortune, says fourth generation Rockefeller Peggy Dulany
Sheikha Jawaher Al Qasimi
Conflict and displacement can trigger a chain reaction that leaves child refugees vulnerable to poverty, crime and violence. Humanitarian aid efforts must evolve to meet their needs
Alexandre Mars
Making the leap from successful entrepreneur to successful social entrepreneur is not as easy as you might think, says the man behind the Epic Foundation
Kate Roberts
Ideas and innovation are just as critical as funding in the ongoing drive for social and economic change, writes Maverick Collective founder Kate Roberts
Essays on building a better world
How to do good
An introduction
‘How to do good’ is a celebration of thoughtfulness and shared humanity. Each of our contributors is making a positive difference in today’s challenged world: from European and Middle Eastern royalty, to a former US president who commands international respect, and one half of the world’s wealthiest couple and the highest-profile advocates for effective philanthropy. Our writers are Hollywood icons, and also the heads of some of the world’s largest foundations and humanitarian bodies. They are successful businesspeople and dynamic social entrepreneurs. They are everyday people doing truly extraordinary things.
Taken together, these exclusive essays and interviews show us all what can be achieved given vision and determination, and whatever our individual circumstances. Thank you to everyone involved.
This book is dedicated to the amazing people we meet every day through our work at Philanthropy Age, who show time and time again that everyone can make a difference. Yet, in this instance I found inspiration in a country leader from the Gulf, a ruler who rarely makes the international headlines, His Highness Sheikh Sabah Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah, the Amir of Kuwait.
The Amir’s ongoing dedication to helping refugees sits as part of a lifetime’s humanitarian work. Although Ban ki-moon, as UN secretary general, honoured the Amir as a Humanitarian Leader in 2014, much of his remarkable contribution is deliberately low-key, like the work of so many of our contributors.
The Amir has galvanised huge financial assistance from around the globe to support relief efforts for refugees, particularly those from Syria and Iraq. His work is a testament to genuine humanity, and a lesson in compassion and understanding for leaders worldwide at a time when the weight of humanitarian crises is more acute and distressing than ever.
Our own story, as the publishers of Philanthropy Age, is proof positive that determination and willpower counts when it comes to ‘doing good’. Four years ago we decided to launch a magazine to inspire and inform intelligent giving. We wanted our new title to try and coax donors away from random acts of charity, and towards more planned strategic giving, which typically has a far greater impact.
Today, we publish print editions worldwide in English and Arabic, along with interactive multi-language digital editions for different regions, and a growing website. We have conducted respected independent research into the giving behaviour of Arabs in the Gulf, partnered with organisations such as UN Women to amplify messages of global importance, and become a grantee of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, which has inspired us to do even more.
Our team does this work as not-for-profit alongside our normal day-to-day business. It is our own contribution to ‘doing good’ and building a better world. It is something we will be proud to tell our grandchildren, and we hope that this book will be the first of many such inspirational projects.
Leonard StallEditor-in-chief
Closing the gap
Phumzile Mlambo-Ngcuka
Around the world, in every community, women are paid less than men even when they perform equally valuable jobs, writes UN Women executive director Phumzile Mlambo-Ngcuka. If the world hopes to eradicate extreme poverty, it must change the way it values work – and equal pay must lead the agenda
Phumzile Mlambo-Ngcuka
Executive director, UN Women
THE AUTHOR
Phumzile Mlambo-Ngcuka is the executive director of UN Women, which was founded in 2010 to be the UN’s global champion for women and girls. A former deputy president of South Africa, she has devoted her career to issues of human rights, equality and social justice, and was actively involved in the struggle to end apartheid in her home country
Women, on average across the world, are paid 24 per cent less than men. The women in those jobs are not 24 per cent less able, less experienced or less qualified. They are just 100 per cent less male. Pay inequality based on gender persists everywhere, across countries, regions and occupations, and it matters. It matters because it is an evident injustice and because it condemns millions of women and their families to lives of entrenched poverty. It is a global, systemic problem that needs concerted attention and action to change the way that we value and support women’s work.
Race and ethnicity compounds the disparity. Though data is scarce in developing countries, in the US, for example, African American women earn only $0.60, Native American women $0.59 and Latinas $0.55 for every $1 that white men earn.
The gender pay gap has obvious immediate repercussions – but also relates directly to longer-term impacts such as women’s credit-worthiness, savings, social security benefits and retirement income. Globally, some 200 million women in old age are living without any regular income from an old age or survivor’s pension, despite having been in the workforce in earlier life.
Where every dollar counts, pay inequality can be enough to plunge families below the breadline. Insufficient income reinforces the poverty cycle, limits opportunity and entrenches disadvantage. A sufficient income well spent on education, nutrition and health potentially moves a generation out of poverty.
All over the world, women are paid less than men for the same job and their work is seen as being less valuable. Janitors (mostly a male job) are paid more than maids (mostly a female job) yet their job descriptions are virtually identical. In the US, golf caddies (who are mostly men) earn an average of $17 an hour; while caregivers (mostly women) are paid just $9 an hour. Why should carrying golf clubs be worth so much more than carrying children? The discrepancies illustrate a problem of perception, reflecting unquestioned assumptions of relative value that have complex and damaging ramifications.
“Globally, women do two and a half times more unpaid work and domestic work as men”
Women are typically employed in low-paid sectors, in caring for children and the elderly, in domestic work, cleaning and catering. In professional positions, more women than men are employed in the lower-paid roles, such as primary school teachers and nurses, rather than as more highly valued university lecturers and engineers. Even as lawyers, judges, surgeons or aircraft pilots, women are paid less than their male counterparts for the same job.
This consistent undervaluation is a key driver of the gender pay gap. It has two aspects: women are underpaid in the jobs that they do, and the jobs that they do are valued less because they are seen as ‘women’s work’. Both constrain women’s ability to earn.
As women are paid less, they must work longer hours to net the same income. Yet demands at home often mean they must work fewer hours than their male counterparts, or find ways to subcontract their care duties to others. The pay gap therefore underpins a vast, almost invisible care workforce and a little recognised care economy. Globally, women do two and a half times more unpaid care and domestic work as men. The economic value of this work is estimated to be anywhere between 15 per cent of GDP in South Africa, to a staggering 39 per cent of GDP in India.
The reality of the ‘male breadwinner’ is long gone, but it has not been replaced by a viable alternative. Contemporary economies need both men and women to work, but employment is often designed as if there were no responsibilities at home.
In order to be able to take a job, women may opt to pay others to provide care for their families. This can result in a complicated cascade of sub-contracted care, in which each working mother spends a proportion of her earnings on paying for another woman to tend her household, who in turn may well have to do the same in order to free up time to earn. But who looks after the children of working women who cannot afford or have no access to this essential support? In surveys of 31 developing countries, just 4 per cent of employed women had access to a nursery, while 39 per cent said that they themselves look after their children.
Failure to support the care economy reinforces the gender pay gap in two ways: by undervaluing women’s jobs and entrenching women in low-paid work; and by limiting women’s paid work opportunities, through a lack of affordable care services.
The current reality is that women must either take on poor quality, part-time or informal work that they can combine with childcare duties, or entrust that care to family members. This can have a high cost of its own. In developing countries with poor infrastructure and no formal care services, girls may be forced to drop out of secondary school to fetch water or fuel, and take care of younger siblings or elderly family members, at the expense of their education and a better future. It is time to call a halt to this broken system. It is clear that the loop of low pay and reliance on unsupported family care is undesirable and unsustainable.
One promising solution is government investment in care services. A study by the International Trade Union Confederation and the Women’s Budget Group in the UK found that investing in a universal, free childcare system, in which workers are paid a decent wage, would create 1.65 million jobs and reduce the gender pay gap by 3.4 per cent. Children would get the best start in life, women could stay in the labour market and build their careers, and best of all, most of the investment would be recouped through increased tax revenues and lower welfare spending. Some Latin American countries, including Ecuador, Mexico and Chile, have started to make real progress on childcare services in recent years. These services are costly, especially in the short term, but they are an economic and social investment that yields rich returns.
Elsewhere governments are tackling the gender pay gap head on. In the UK, the government announced an ambition to end the gender pay gap within a generation, making companies with more than 250 workers disclose the pay gap in their workplaces. Such transparency can make a difference. In 11 US states, pay secrecy is unlawful. A study found that in those states, the gender wage gap is smaller and women tend to earn more than in other states.
Increased minimum wages at national level is another avenue, with disproportionate benefits for low paid women. Corporate policies such as parental leave, flexible working hours and working from home are growing, although the changes in culture that make uptake feasible still lag. There are no simple answers, and economic empowerment for women is just one aspect of full gender equality. But when it comes to tackling the gender pay gap, we urgently need to be finding and implementing effective solutions.
‘Why should carrying golf clubs be worth more than carrying children? The discrepancies illustrate a problem of perception’
“Where every dollar counts, pay inequality can be enough to plunge families below the breadline”
Phumzile Mlambo-Ngcuka
Second take
Matt Damon
Sometimes, passion for a cause is just not enough. When you want to be successful at making a difference for millions of people around the world, don’t be afraid to rip up the script, learn to be a student again, and enlist a little expert help to do it better the second time around, says actor and humanitarian Matt Damon
