Learning the Language of Addiction Counseling E-Book

Geri Miller

• Herausgeber: John Wiley & Sons
• Kategorie: Fachliteratur
• Sprache: Englisch

Seitenzahl: 1560

Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2014

Beschreibung

FULLY REVISED, COMPREHENSIVE, AND PRACTICAL Learning the Language of Addiction Counseling, Fourth Edition introduces counselors, social workers, and students to the field of addiction counseling and helps them acquire the knowledge and develop the skills needed to counsel individuals who are caught in the destructive cycle of addiction. Drawing from her years of experience working in the addiction-counseling field, Geri Miller provides an engaging, balanced overview of the major theoretical foundations and clinical best practices in the field. Fully updated, the Fourth Edition offers a positive, practice-oriented counseling framework and features: * A research-based, clinical application approach to addiction counseling that practitioners can turn to for fundamental, practical, clinical guidelines * Revised chapters that reflect important changes in research and practice, including new DSM-5 criteria, new assessment instruments, and new and expanded treatments * Case studies, interactive exercises, end-of-chapter questions, and other resources that facilitate the integration of knowledge into practice * "Personal Reflections" sections at the beginning of each chapter provide an invaluable, unique perspective on the author's evolving views of addiction counseling * Updated and expanded online Instructor's Manual that includes brief video clips, PowerPoint¯® slides, test bank questions for each chapter, and sample syllabi From assessment and diagnosis of addiction to preparing for certification and licensure as an addiction professional, this comprehensive book covers all of the essentials.

Leseprobe

CONTENTS

Cover

Title Page

Copyright

Dedication

Preface

Acknowledgments

Chapter 1: Introduction

Addiction Counseling Influences

Models of Addiction

Summary

Questions

Exercises

Readings/Resources/Websites

Suggested Readings

Websites

Chapter 2: Theories of Counseling Applied to Addiction Treatment

Development of a Theoretical Framework for Addiction Counseling

Dangers in Developing a Theoretical Framework and Recommendations

General Counseling Theories Applied to Addiction Treatment

Summary

Questions

Exercises

Readings/Resources/Websites

Suggested Readings

Chapter 3: Assessment and Diagnosis of Addiction

Interviews

Behavioral Observations

Physiological Instruments

Psychometric Instruments

Diagnosis

Stages of Change

Summary

Questions

Readings/Resources/Websites

Suggested Readings

Chapter 4: Co-Occurring Disorders and Behavioral Addictions

Co-Occurring Disorders

Collaboration Between the Mental Health and Substance Abuse Fields

Assessment

Treatment

Behavioral Addictions

Summary

Questions

Readings, Resources, Websites

Suggested Readings

Suggested Resources

Websites

Chapter 5: The Core Treatment Process for Addictions

Philosophical Approaches

Crisis Intervention

Individual Therapy

Group Therapy

Family Therapy

Summary

Questions

Readings/Resources/Websites

Suggested Readings

Resources

Websites

Chapter 6: Treatment-Related Issues and Counseling Approaches

Sexual Issues

HIV/AIDS

Intimate Partner Violence

Homelessness

Specific Counseling Approaches

Summary

Questions

Readings/Resources/Websites

Suggested Readings

Resources

Websites/Phone Contacts

Chapter 7: Relapse Prevention

Counselor Approaches

Relapse-Prevention Models

Counseling Techniques

Case Studies of Special Populations

Co-occurring Disorders

Summary

Questions

Exercises

Readings/Resources/Websites

Suggested Readings

Resources

Websites

Chapter 8: Self-Help Groups

Suggestions for Counselors

12-Step Groups

12-Step Alternative Groups

Matching Self-Help Groups to Meet Client Needs

Special Issues

Summary

Questions

Exercises

Readings/Resources/Websites

Suggested Readings

Resources

Appendix 8A: Stories of Recovery

Appendix 8B: Emotional Sobriety

Annotated References

Chapter 9: Elaboration on Specific Therapies and Techniques Relevant to Addiction Counseling

Client Resilience

Positive Psychology

Stages-of-Change Model

Motivational Interviewing

Brief Therapy

Evidence-Based Practices (EBPs)

Summary

Questions

Exercises

Readings/Resources/Websites

Suggested Readings

Resources

Websites

Chapter 10: Culturally Sensitive Addiction Counseling

Defining Multicultural

Social-Environmental Aspects

Breakdown of Communication

Multicultural Competence/Multicultural Orientation

Dialogue

General Counseling Suggestions

Assessment, Treatment, and Aftercare Issues

Overall Substance Use/Abuse Exploration Multicultural Exercises

Summary

Questions

Readings/Resources/Websites

Suggested Readings

Resources

Websites

Chapter 11: Chronic Pain Assessment Chronic Pain Assessment

Definition of Pain

Issues of Living Sober with Chronic Pain

Assessment and Treatment

Summary

Questions

Exercises

Readings, Resources, Websites

Suggested Readings

Resources

Websites

Support Groups

Chapter 12: Incorporating Spirituality into Addiction Counseling

The History of Incorporating Spirituality into Addiction Counseling

Incorporation Barriers and Bridges

Spiritual Identity Development

Counseling Resources and Techniques

Summary

Questions

Readings, Resources, Websites

Suggested Readings

Resources

Websites

Chapter 13: Personal and Professional Development of the Counselor

Ethical Issues

Testifying in Court

Working in Difficult Systems

Working with Addicts

Self-Care

Summary

Questions

Readings/Resources/Websites

Suggested Readings

Websites

Chapter 14: Obtaining Addiction Professional Credentials

Self-Care on the Journey

Supervision

Credentialing

Summary

Questions

Readings/Resources/Websites

Suggested Readings

Websites

References

Author Index

Subject Index

End User License Agreement

List of Tables

Table 1.1

Table 3.1

Table 3.2

Table 3.3

Table 3.4

Table 3.5

Table 5.1

Table 5.2

Table 7.1

Table 8.1

Table 8.2

Table 9.1

Table 9.2

List of Illustrations

Figure 1.1

Figure 1.2

Figure 1.3

Figure 2.1

Figure 4.1

Figure 6.1

Figure 7.1

Figure 7.2

Figure 8.1

Figure 10.1

Figure 11.1

Guide

Cover

Table of Contents

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Learning the Language of Addiction Counseling

Fourth Edition

Geri Miller

Cover image © almir1968 | Thinkstock

Cover design: Wiley

This book is printed on acid-free paper.

Copyright © 2015 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.

Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey.

Published simultaneously in Canada.

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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data:

Miller, Geraldine A., 1955–

Learning the language of addiction counseling/Geri Miller. — Fourth edition.

pages cm

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN 978-1-118-72177-3 (pbk.: acid-free paper); ISBN 978-1-118-72169-8 (ebk);

ISBN 978-1-118- 72145-2 (ebk)

1. Drug abuse counseling. 2. Substance abuse—Patients—Counseling of. 3. Drug addicts—Counseling of. I. Title.

RC564.M536 2014

362.29'186—dc23

2014007138

Dedication

This book is dedicated to:

Ron Hood, my husband and friend, who is there through it all. Gale, Abby, and Jason Miller; and Tom, Laura, Natalie, and Kate Prow—my family.

The women, my “sisters,” who were with me from the beginning: Pat Mitchell Anderson, Kathleen Kasprick, and Judy Retterath; and Betty Gridley and Angela Wagner, who joinedmy journey along the way.

The addicted clients and their loved ones whom I had the honor of counseling and the counselors who remain committed to this important work.

Preface

Learning the Language of Addiction Counseling emerged from a desire to summarize the clinical, theoretical, and research work in the addiction counseling field from a practitioner's point of view. The fourth edition of this book involves substantial changes that need to be highlighted at the onset. First, in order to present my views of addiction counseling that have evolved after working in the addiction counseling field for more than 30 years, teaching undergraduate and graduate students in addiction counseling for more than 20 years, and training mental health and addiction professionals for more than 20 years, I have updated the “Personal Reflections” section at the beginning of each chapter.

Second, all of the chapters have been updated, with some having significant revisions, including sections with additional components to reflect changes in the field and sections being moved to more appropriate chapters. Third, additional case studies and exercises and suggested readings/resources/websites sections have been expanded and updated at the end of each chapter.

Finally, for instructors, instructor resources have been updated, including PowerPoint slides and test bank questions, for each revised chapter. Additionally, six short video clips have been included to assist the reader in understanding some of the concepts presented in the text. These clips include: Overall Philosophy, General Counseling Suggestions (Chapter 5), Relapse Prevention (Chapter 7), Self-Help Groups (Chapter 8), and Self-Care (Chapter 11; 2 video clips-1 has audio included and 1 is a silent video demonstration). These changes have been made because counselors and educators are increasingly being asked to “hit the ground running” when they begin their work. Syllabi for classes I have taught in the addictions area are included to also assist counselors and educators. It is hoped that this book will assist counselors and educators in more readily being able to do their work.

I have been blessed in my life to have been trained by numerous addiction counseling professionals who are deeply committed to the field, to helping people who are caught in a destructive cycle of addiction and who face horrific odds in life. Throughout my years of work in the addictions field, I have watched these professionals respect and care for individuals who have experienced, at a piercing level, a lack of respect and love both within themselves and from others. The compassion of these professionals—for the suffering of both addicts and their loved ones and their hope for the healing of addiction recovery for all addicts and their loved ones—led me to this field and has kept me in it all of these years.

This book provides a summary of addiction counseling based on practical application of both theory and research. It serves as a reference that can be used by two groups: (1) undergraduate and graduate students who are training to be direct service workers with addicted individuals and (2) clinicians who are new to the field of addiction counseling or who would like to review the state of the art of addiction counseling.

Although the book discusses techniques and approaches that are grounded in research, this book is focused on the practitioner. Throughout the text, interactive exercises, such as case studies and discussion exercises, are provided to assist the reader in applying the information and to assist the teacher in integrating the material into the classroom discussion. Because of the different approaches in the addictions field, there are often controversies regarding theory and practice. This book does not reconcile these differences, but it does fuse theoretical and practical concerns into a pragmatic counseling framework, resulting in a helpful manual for counselors who work with addicts. Learning the Language of Addiction Counseling is a text that a practitioner can turn to for fundamental, practical, and clinical guidelines.

Brief Summaries of Each Chapter in the Book

Chapter 1

, “Introduction,” is a brief overview of addiction counseling that examines past and current influences on addiction counseling and models used to explain addiction.

Chapter 2

, “Theories of Counseling Applied to Addiction Treatment,” explores theories of counseling as they apply to counseling addicted individuals.

Chapter 3

, “Assessment and Diagnosis of Addiction,” examines the assessment process with clients. Interviews, behavioral observations, physiological instruments, and psychometric instruments are discussed. Additional sections on diagnosis and the stages-of-change model are also presented.

DSM-5

criteria are referenced in this chapter.

Chapter 4

, “Co-Occurring Disorders and Behavioral Addictions,” provides an overview of co-occurring disorders with general assessment and treatment suggestions as well as an overview on behavioral addictions. Again,

DSM-5

criteria are referenced.

Chapter 5

, “The Core Treatment Process for Addictions,” provides an overview of four specific forms of addiction counseling: crisis intervention, individual, group, and family—with an initial review of the philosophies of harm reduction and recovery movement that can impact these treatment processes.

Chapter 6

, “Treatment-Related Issues and Counseling Approaches,” explores issues that may arise in relation to addiction counseling: sexual issues, HIV/AIDS, intimate partner violence, and homelessness. Recommendations for counseling in these related areas are provided. Specific counseling approaches, dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), Seeking Safety, and grief counseling, which may be used in addressing these issues are discussed in this chapter. Also, because many clients have legal issues, there is a special section on drug court.

Chapter 7

, “Relapse Prevention,” provides an overview of relapse prevention issues. Counselor approaches, models, and techniques are explored. Dual diagnosis issues are also discussed.

Chapter 8

, “Self-Help Groups,” addresses the national, abstinence-based self-help groups in the United States in terms of their historical development, basic concepts, use in counseling, and strengths and limitations. Information is also provided on how to assist clients in finding an appropriate group and sponsor/mentor and special issues related to self-help groups.

Chapter 9

, “Elaboration on Specific Therapies and Techniques Relevant to Addiction Counseling,” explores one core concept of counseling (client resilience), four therapy approaches and techniques (positive psychology, the stages-of-change model, motivational interviewing, and brief therapy) as well as evidence-based practices.

Chapter 10

, “Culturally Sensitive Addiction Counseling,” examines issues that have an impact on addiction counseling. This chapter provides an overall perspective on multicultural counseling and techniques. In addition, it presents assessment, treatment, and aftercare issues as they relate to gender, ethnicity, sexual orientation, disability, and age (adolescents, the elderly).

Chapter 11

, “Chronic Pain Assessment and Treatment,” discusses the overlapping areas of substance abuse and pain management with suggestions of specific approaches and techniques that can be used to explore chronic pain in the substance-abusing client.

Chapter 12

, “Incorporating Spirituality into Addiction Counseling,” explores four areas related to the incorporation of spiritual perspectives in the addiction counseling field: the history; barriers and bridges; spiritual identity development; and counseling resources and techniques.

Chapter 13

, “Personal and Professional Development of the Counselor,” opens with a brief discussion of some concerns of technology's impact on counseling and suggestions on how to address these concerns. It then explores general topic areas that impact the personal and professional development of the counselor (ethical issues, testifying in court, working in difficult systems, working with addicts, and self-care).

Chapter 14

, “Obtaining Addiction Professional Credentials,” presents the different types of credentials, credentialing process stages, and helpful strategies to assist the reader in the credentialing process.

Acknowledgments

I cannot name all of the excellent professional role models I have encountered in the field, but I do acknowledge every one of you. You know who you are. You spent time explaining basic concepts of working in this field to me, you challenged me to be the best therapist, researcher, teacher, and person I could be, and you never settled for less in me or gave up on me. Thank you from the core of my being.

I also gratefully acknowledge the addicted clients I have worked with and their loved ones, who taught me through their amazing life stories about the destructive nature of addiction and the incredible capacity of the human spirit to survive and change. I thank these many people for showing me how to work in this field and how to live in this world. The courage and integrity of watching individuals struggle to break out of the pain of the addictive cycle is a powerful experience. To these people, I simply say, thank you.

I also want to thank the many addiction professionals and graduate and undergraduate students I have trained over the years. You have taught me so much about the addictions field and have helped encourage my passion and commitment to this important work through your passion and commitment to it. Such wonderful times we have had together.

Additionally, I want to thank the people who believed I could write such a book and supported me on the journey. Marquita Flemming, my editor at John Wiley & Sons, supported and assisted me throughout the writing of the book. She showered me with enthusiasm and encouragement in the writing of this book that stayed me on the discouraging days; she believed in me and the importance of this book. I also want to acknowledge the other Wiley employees who worked so hard with me on this book: Judi Knott and Heather Dunphy in marketing, Linda Indig as production editor, and Sherry Wasserman as editorial program coordinator. Thank you also to the reviewers obtained by Wiley—you enhanced the quality of this book with your careful, thorough, thoughtful comments and suggestions.

George Dennis, my computer teacher, helped me with my computer struggles, spending hours with me patiently wading through the technological advances that have occurred since the third edition was published and creatively developing with me the diagrams and figures throughout this book. George is one of the kindest, smartest, most patient individuals I have ever known.

The University of North Carolina–Charlotte counseling department doctoral students—Regina Moro, Bailey MacLeod, Astra Czerny, and Leigh Zick Dongre—worked hard, efficiently, and reliably on literature reviews to make sure the book was solidly anchored in current research and resources. Kate Hoffman also worked carefully and thoroughly on various chapters to make sure that information was accurate and current.

Kindy Boyle, Craig Cashwell, Danny Graves, Bruce Kaplan, Dale Kirkley, Paul Nagy, Kathy Norins, and Laura Veach, all busy professionals in the addictions/helping professionals fields, took time to comment carefully and thoroughly on specific sections of the manuscript based on their expertise in the addictions field or in areas related to the addictions field; such kindness and generosity each of you showed me. A special acknowledgment goes to Dr. Betty Gridley, my statistics teacher and mentor, who assisted in the development of test questions for the second time during her retirement.

To Charles Duke, Linda Foulsham, Alice Krueger, Laurie Percival Oates, Joyce Reeves and her wonderful family, Rod and Marilou Steinmetz, who hold special places in my heart for their kindness, compassion, and amazing ability to create a safe space for others in the world, including me, for providing support through the writing of this book.

To my buddies who have left this world: Ken Schmidt and Judy Retterath. To Ken, who left during the third edition: “I still miss you, and I thank you for believing in me and teaching me how to work in a ‘man's world.’” To Judy, who left in 2013, a pioneer in the addictions field who cared for and helped innumerable addicted people and their families: “I thank you, I love you, and I will miss you until I too leave this world.” To Howie Meier, who worked with me as a tech in “Edna's detox” with Judy as our nursing supervisor: “I couldn't have done it without you.”

I also thank “my” Boone, North Carolina coffee shops that provided me with support (and coffee) to help me write: Conrad's Coffee Company (Conrad, Jody, Chris (Sir Christopher Poe), Travis, Josh, and Tyler Poe) and Higher Ground Coffee Shoppe (Matt and Gloria Scott). I also appreciate the support from my Saturday-morning coffee-drinking buddies, who held me steadfast on this journey. I thank each of you.

To the employees of the Paul H. Broyhill Wellness Center—Jodi Cash (director), Paul Moore (assistant director), Michael Darling (personal trainer and friend), Amy Genberg and Klaire Roberson (muses), and all the rest of my buddies (including those early morning women's locker room buddies—Glenna Hollar, Jeanne Keasey, and Peri Moretz), who encouraged and supported me every day with their friendship and laughter—“Thank you.” A special thank you to these individuals who helped create the videos that accompany this book: Michael Darling (senior audiovisual consultant); Steven Peterson (assistant audiovisual consultant); George Dennis (computer consultant); Dr. Susan Gilbert (makeup consultant/set decorator); Samantha Mahoney (stage manager); and Martin Hubner (muse); with special thanks to Jodi Cash and Ron Hood—it was great fun being a part of a modern-day Cinderella story with you.

Finally, to Ron Hood, my husband and my best friend, who demonstrated his love and support by painstakingly reading every word written in every draft of this book and previous editions: “Thank you, Ron, for being with me on this life path. I love you. You're the best buddy ever.” Also, a thank-you to our Appalachian Mountain coon dog, Maggie, a force of nature that keeps Ron and me young in spirit through her love for us.

Chapter 1Introduction

Personal Reflections

As we approach addiction counseling, it is important, as clinicians, that we have as clear an understanding as possible of who we are both personally and professionally in relation to addiction. We need to be brave enough to examine our own experiences with addictive tendencies within ourselves and our loved ones as well as our professional experiences with addicts. These experiences color and shape our work with our addicted clients. If we engage in a thorough self-exploration, we can enter encounters with addicts using a clear, balanced approach and avoid being thrown off balance by the intense force of addiction as it has expressed and expresses itself in our client's life.

I also need to comment on the terminology I have chosen to use throughout the text to describe those clients who struggle with addiction. I use the term addicts or addicted clients even though some readers may prefer the terms person with addiction or people with substance use disorders in order to emphasize the “personhood” of the client. I have chosen these terms because, in my experience of addiction counseling, experienced therapists tend to use the terms I have chosen as well as the clients. By no means is the term meant to be disrespectful to the client. For example, in clinical meetings, I always insist that the person's name be used before their disorder is discussed because, as I tell my students, “They were a person before they developed the disorder and their name is important. They are not their disorder.” My hope is that I do not offend the reader with my choice of terminology, but rather, I encourage the reader to choose a term to discuss the addicted client that they believe is most respectful to their population. I believe that what is important, so critical, so necessary, is that we find terminology and an approach that powerfully invites our clients and their loved ones to heal from the destructive force of addiction.