Oncology E-Book

Mark Bower

• Herausgeber: John Wiley & Sons
• Kategorie: Fachliteratur
• Serie: Lecture Notes
• Sprache: Englisch

Seitenzahl: 717

Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2015

Beschreibung

Cancer is one of the most exciting specialties in medicine. This book aspires to convey the authors' enthusiasm for oncology and this new edition of Oncology Lecture Notes is a must for students and trainees.

There has been a revolution in the practice of oncology. The changes are due to amazing advances in basic science, and the development of new drugs and successful immunisation programmes that have followed. Cancer death rates have fallen and this is in part due to radical new treatments, effective screening programmes, and also, as a result of popular movements for change in patient care, and decreased exposure to carcinogens. 

Completely revised and updated, this new edition of Oncology Lecture Notes describes advances in molecular biology research and highlights the importance of patient perspectives in cancer care. The text includes many new figures and tables, an update of molecular biology and highlights new treatments. With learning objectives and key point summaries in each chapter, Oncology Lecture Notes is an ideal introduction to the biological basis and principles of treatment in oncology.

Includes a companion website at www.lecturenoteseries.com/oncology featuring cases and self-assessment MCQs.

Leseprobe

This title is also available as an e-book.

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Oncology Lecture Notes

Mark BowerProfessor of OncologyChelsea and Westminster Hospital and Imperial College School of Medicine London, UKJonathan WaxmanProfessor of OncologyHammersmith HospitalImperial College School of MedicineLondon, UK

Third Edition

This edition first published 2015 © 2015 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd Previous editions: 2006, 2010 © Mark Bower and Jonathan Waxman

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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Bower, Mark, author.    Lecture notes. Oncology/Mark Bower, Jonathan Waxman-Third edition.      p.; cm.    Oncology    Oncology lecture notes    Includes bibliographical references and index.    ISBN 978-1-118-84209-6 (pbk.)    I. Waxman, Jonathan, author. II. Title. III. Title: Oncology. IV. Title: Oncology lecture notes.    [DNLM: 1. Neoplasms. QZ 200]    RC254.5    616.99′4–dc23

2015004427

A catalogue record for this book is available fromthe British Library.

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Cover image: Stockphoto@royalsrockphoto

Contents

Preface

About the companion website

Part 1 Introduction to oncology

1 What is cancer?

Epidemiological perspective

How to read a histology report

A histopathological definition of cancer: is it malignant or benign?

Cancer epidemiology

Cancer charities

2 The scientific basis of cancer

The hallmarks of cancer

How to acquire the six capabilities (enabling hallmarks)

Additional capabilities of cancers (emerging hallmarks)

Genome instability

Genetic causes of cancer

Environmental causes of cancer

Worldwide contributions to cancer

3 The principles of cancer treatment

Appropriate care

Cancer staging

Performance status

Prognosis: it is not cancer, is it doc?

Surgical oncology

Radiotherapy

Chemotherapy

Endocrine therapy

Immunological therapy

Targeted therapies

Clinical trials

Palliative care

4 Cancer and people

Social and psychological aspects of cancer

Unconventional treatments

Ethics

Sociology of oncology

Part 2 Types of cancer

5 Breast cancer

Epidemiology

Presentation and screening

Diagnosis

Staging and grading

Treatment

Carcinoma

in situ

Paget’s disease of the nipple

Male breast cancer

6 Central nervous system cancers

Epidemiology

Aetiology

Pathology

Presentation

Investigation and staging

Treatment

Prognosis

7 Oesophageal cancer

Epidemiology and pathogenesis

Prevention

Presentation

Staging and grading

Treatment

Prognosis

8 Gastric cancer

Epidemiology and pathogenesis

Presentation

Staging and pathology

Treatment

Survival

9 Hepatobiliary cancer

Epidemiology

Pathogenesis

Prevention

Presentation

Staging and grading

Treatment

Prognosis

10 Pancreatic cancer

Epidemiology

Pathogenesis

Presentation

Staging and grading

Treatment

Prognosis

Pancreatic endocrine tumours

11 Colorectal cancer

Epidemiology

Pathogenesis

Presentation

Diagnosis

Staging and grading

Treatment

Management of metastatic disease

Screening

12 Kidney cancer

Epidemiology

Pathogenesis

Presentation

Outpatient diagnosis

Staging and grading

Treatment

Anti-angiogenic therapy

Targeted therapy

Prognosis

13 Bladder cancer

Epidemiology

Pathogenesis

Presentation

Staging and grading

Treatment

Prognosis

14 Prostate cancer

Epidemiology

Pathogenesis

Presentation

Staging and grading

Treatment

Prognosis

Screening

15 Testis cancer

Epidemiology

Pathogenesis

Presentation

Staging and grading

Treatment

Prognosis

16 Gestational trophoblastic disease

Epidemiology

Pathogenesis

Presentation

Treatment

Prognosis

17 Cervical cancer

Epidemiology

Pathogenesis

Screening

Prevention (vaccination)

Presentation

Outpatient diagnosis

Staging and grading

Treatment

Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia

Prognosis

Terminal care

18 Endometrial cancer

Epidemiology

Pathogenesis

Presentation

Treatment and prognosis

19 Ovarian cancer

Epidemiology

Pathogenesis

Screening

Presentation

Staging and grading

Treatment

Prognosis

20 Head and neck cancers

Epidemiology

Pathogenesis

Clinical presentation

Treatment

Prognosis

Salivary gland tumours

21 Thyroid cancer

Epidemiology

Pathogenesis

Presentation

Investigations

Treatment

Prognosis

22 Adrenal cancers

Epidemiology of adrenal cortical cancers

Presentation of adrenal cortical cancers

Investigations of adrenal cortical cancers

Initial treatment of adrenal cortical cancers

Treatment of metastatic or locally advanced adrenal cortical cancer

Prognosis of adrenal cortical cancers

Adrenal medullary tumours

23 Carcinoid tumours

Presentation

Investigations

Treatment

Prognosis

24 Pituitary tumours

Epidemiology and pathology

Treatment

25 Parathyroid cancers

Epidemiology and pathology

Multiple endocrine neoplasia

Presentation and treatment

26 Lung cancer

Epidemiology

Smoking and prevention

Pathogenesis

Screening

Presentation

Pathology

Staging and grading

Treatment

27 Mesothelioma

Epidemiology

Pathogenesis

Presentation

Investigations

Treatment

Prognosis

28 The leukaemias

Epidemiology

Pathogenesis

Presentation

Investigations and classification

Treatment

29 Hodgkin’s lymphoma

Epidemiology

Pathogenesis

Presentation

Investigations

Pathology

Staging

Treatment and side effects

Complications of chemotherapy

30 Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma

Epidemiology

Pathogenesis

Presentation

Staging and grading

Treatment

31 Myeloma

Epidemiology

Pathogenesis

Presentation

Investigations

Treatment

32 Non-melanoma skin tumours

Epidemiology

Pathogenesis

Presentation

Treatment

Prognosis

33 Melanoma

Epidemiology

Pathogenesis

Presentation

Staging and grading

Treatment

Prognosis

34 Paediatric solid tumours

Epidemiology

Pathogenesis

Presentation and management of paediatric solid tumours

Presentation and management of CNS tumours

Presentation and management of lymphomas

Presentation and management of soft tissue sarcomas and bone tumours

Presentation and management of neuroblastoma

Presentation and management of Wilms’ tumours (nephroblastoma)

Presentation and management of retinoblastoma

Presentation and management of liver tumours

Complications of childhood treatment of cancer

35 Cancers in teenagers and young adults

Epidemiology

Presentation and management of paediatric solid tumours

36 Bone and soft tissue sarcomas

Epidemiology

Pathogenesis

Presentation

Investigations and management of bone sarcomas

Treatment of Ewing’s sarcomas

Treatment of osteosarcomas

Investigations and management of soft tissue sarcomas

Treatment of soft tissue sarcomas

37 Cancer of unknown primary

Epidemiology and pathogenesis

Clinical sites of metastatic spread

Clinical CUP syndromes

Histopathological characterization

Use of tumour markers

Approach to investigation of metastatic disease to establish primary site

38 Immunodeficiency-related cancers

Hereditary or primary immunodeficiency

Acquired or secondary immunodeficiency

Tumours in HIV patients

Tumours in primary immunodeficiency

Management of immunodeficiency-associated malignancies

Part 3 The practice of oncology

39 Paraneoplastic complications of cancer

Paraneoplastic endocrine complications

Paraneoplastic neurological conditions

Paraneoplastic dermatological conditions

Cachexia

40 Oncological emergencies

Metabolic disorders

Tumour lysis syndrome

Mechanical complications

Malignant effusions

Haematological disorders

Myelosuppression

Anaemia

Thrombocytopenia

41 End-of-life care

Pain control

Care of the dying patient

The last hours and days

Bereavement

The culture of death and dying

42 Cancer survivorship

Index

EULA

List of Tables

Chapter 1

Table 1.1

Table 1.2

Table 1.3

Table 1.4

Table 1.5

Table 1.6

Table 1.7

Table 1.8

Table 1.9

Chapter 2

Table 2.1

Table 2.2

Table 2.3

Table 2.4

Table 2.5

Table 2.6

Table 2.7

Table 2.8

Table 2.9

Table 2.10

Table 2.11

Table 2.12

Table 2.13

Chapter 3

Table 3.1

Table 3.2

Table 3.3

Table 3.4

Table 3.5

Table 3.6

Table 3.7

Table 3.8

Table 3.9

Table 3.10

Table 3.11

Table 3.12

Table 3.13

Table 3.14

Table 3.15

Table 3.16

Table 3.17

Chapter 4

Table 4.1

Table 4.2

Chapter 5

Table 5.1

Table 5.2

Table 5.3

Table 5.4

Chapter 6

Table 6.1

Table 6.2

Table 6.3

Table 6.4

Table 6.5

Table 6.6

Chapter 7

Table 7.1

Table 7.2

Chapter 8

Table 8.1

Table 8.2

Chapter 9

Table 9.1

Table 9.2

Chapter 10

Table 10.1

Table 10.2

Table 10.3

Chapter 11

Table 11.1

Table 11.2

Table 11.3

Table 11.4

Chapter 12

Table 12.1

Table 12.2

Chapter 13

Table 13.1

Table 13.2

Table 13.3

Chapter 14

Table 14.1

Table 14.2

Chapter 18

Table 18.1

Table 18.2

Chapter 19

Table 19.1

Table 19.2

Chapter 20

Table 20.1

Table 20.2

Chapter 21

Table 21.1

Table 21.2

Chapter 23

Table 23.1

Chapter 24

Table 24.1

Chapter 25

Table 25.1

Chapter 26

Table 26.1

Chapter 27

Table 27.1

Table 27.2

Chapter 28

Table 28.1

Table 28.2

Table 28.3

Table 28.4

Chapter 29

Table 29.1

Chapter 30

Table 30.1

Table 30.2

Table 30.3

Table 30.4