Shape Memory Alloy Actuators E-Book

Mohammad H. Elahinia

• Herausgeber: John Wiley & Sons
• Kategorie: Fachliteratur
• Sprache: Englisch

Seitenzahl: 418

Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2015

Beschreibung

This book provides a systematic approach to realizing NiTi shape memory alloy actuation, and is aimed at science and engineering students who would like to develop a better understanding of the behaviors of SMAs, and learn to design, simulate, control, and fabricate these actuators in a systematic approach.  

Several innovative biomedical applications of SMAs are discussed. These include orthopedic, rehabilitation, assistive, cardiovascular, and surgery devices and tools. To this end unique actuation mechanisms are discussed. These include antagonistic bi-stable shape memory-superelastic actuation, shape memory spring actuation, and multi axial tension-torsion actuation. These actuation mechanisms open new possibilities for creating adaptive structures and biomedical devices by using SMAs.

Leseprobe

Table of Contents

Cover

Title Page

List of Contributors

Preface

Acknowledgments

1 Introduction

1.1 Shape memory alloys

1.2 Metallurgy of NiTi

1.3 Thermomechanical Behaviors

1.4 Actuation

1.5 Modeling and Simulation

1.6 Summary

References

2 Mathematical Modeling and Simulation

2.1 Phenomenological Macroscale Modeling

2.2 Micromechanical Modeling

2.3 Summary

References

3 SMA Actuation Mechanisms

3.1 Bias-Type Actuators

3.2 Antagonistic SM–SM Actuation

3.3 SM Spring Actuation

3.4 Superelastic Actuation

3.5 Multiaxial Actuation

3.6 Antagonistic SM–Superelastic Actuation

3.7 Summary

References

4 Control of SMA Actuators

4.1 Introduction to Sliding Mode Control

4.2 Sliding Mode Control of SMA Actuators without Modeling

4.3 Model-Based Sliding Control of SMA Actuators

4.4 Model-Based Backstepping Control of SMA Actuators

4.5 Summary

References

5 Fatigue of Shape Memory Alloys

5.1 Fatigue of Metals

5.2 Fatigue of SMAs

5.3 Microstructural Effects

5.4 Treatment and Postprocessing Effects

5.5 Other Influential Parameters

5.6 Examples

References

6 Fabricating NiTi SMA Components

6.1 Melting and Casting

6.2 Hot Working, Cold Working, and Forming

6.3 Machining and Cutting (Subtractive Manufacturing)

6.4 Joining

6.5 Powder Metallurgy

6.6 Thin Film and Thick Film Technologies

6.7 Heat Treatments and Shape Setting

6.8 Finishing and Surface Modification

References

7 Experimental Characterization of Shape Memory Alloys

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Characterization of Physical Properties

7.3 Mechanical Characterization

7.4 Microstructural Analysis

7.5 Summary

References

Index

End User License Agreement

List of Tables

Chapter 01

Table 1.1 Parameters of the one-degree-of-freedom SMA rotary actuator

Table 1.2 The evolution of phenomenological phase transformation laws

Chapter 02

Table 2.1 SMA material parameters

Chapter 03

Table 3.1 Model parameters used in the simulation of the expandable reamer

Table 3.2 Model parameters used for the numerical simulation of SMA AFO

Table 3.3 Model parameters used for the numerical simulation of SMA cardiac clamp

Chapter 04

Table 4.1 Parameters of the one-degree-of-freedom SMA rotary actuator

Table 4.2 Data for the SMA wire and actuator geometry

Table 4.3 Data for the constitutive law and phase transformation parameters

Table 4.4 Data for the heat transfer and electrical parameters

Table 4.5 Geometric and inertia properties of the 3DOF robot

Chapter 05

Table 5.1 Details of Cu–Al–Ni specimens in Sakamoto et al.’s study [8]

List of Illustrations

Chapter 01

Figure 1.1 Shape memory effect path in stress–strain–temperature space

Figure 1.2 Schematic of pseudoelasticity: effect of load on crystalline structure (a); stress–strain–temperature plot (b)

Figure 1.3 Phase diagram of the system nickel–titanium. The single-phase NiTi (B2) is shaded; important temperatures are highlighted.

Figure 1.4 Section of the phase diagram of the system nickel–titanium (a). Isothermal transformation diagram of a Ni

52

Ti

48

alloy (b).

Figure 1.5 Influence of nominal nickel concentration on martensite start and thermodynamic equilibrium temperature.