The Smart Entrepreneur (Part I: Idea creation and evaluation) E-Book

Bart Clarysse

• Herausgeber: Elliott & Thompson
• Kategorie: Fachliteratur
• Sprache: Englisch
• Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2011

Seitenzahl: 79

Beschreibung

The Smart Entrepreneur features real-life case studies as well as in-depth analysis by authors with direct experience of developing start-ups and venture coaching. Also available as a full ebook and print edition, here The Smart Entrepreneur has been divided into four mini-manuals: Idea creation and evaluation; From idea to business proposition; Proof of concept; and Marshalling resources. Each section offers practical advice and guidance to cover all aspects of your venture, from building a smart business proposition to assembling a dynamic team, carrying out affordable yet effective market research and seeking investment. Part I looks at how business ideas are matched with credible opportunities, whether you're starting from a perceived market or from a tecnology or competence that you'd like to commercialise. We emphasise the importance of considering a range of possibilities and evaluating each new idea with respect to existing alternatives already on the market, and perhaps modifying or improving it accordingly.

Leseprobe

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Thanks are due to many entrepreneurs, scholars and students, near and far, whose experiences and insights have found their way in some form into our thinking and this book, but who are too many to name here.

Kristien De Wolf was instrumental in co-developing, over the years with Bart Clarysse, a practical and structured method for coaching entrepreneurs which provided the inspiration for this book, and in helping us to deliver the method in its present form at Imperial College Business School. Johan Bruneel, another valued colleague, read early versions of many of the chapters and made useful suggestions.

Jean-Marc de Fety, Wouter Van Roost, Professor Colin Caro and Igor Faletski generously shared their time and enthusiasm in interviews for case studies. We also thank Luc Krolls and Rika Ponnet for consenting to our use of their written materials and video-recorded presentations for the case study in Chapter 4 (Part 2), and thank Bruce Girvan, Chris Thompson, Tom Allason, Frank Gielen, Johan Cardoen, Emma Stanton, Mirjam Knockaert, Mathew Holloway and Matthew Judkins for their contributions to the content and accuracy of case studies elsewhere in the book.

Matthew Dixon, of patent and trade mark attorneys Harrison Goddard Foote, cast an attentive and critical eye over Chapter 6 (Part 2), helping to make certain that our treatment of the ins and outs of intellectual property was precise and reliable. Chris Haley of Imperial Innovations helped us to identify a fitting science commercialisation story for our theme in Chapter 1 (Part 1).

In addition, three teams of students on the Innovation, Entrepreneurship and Design (IE&D) programme at Imperial College Business School created Figures 9 and 10 (Part 2) (Richard Lough, Rosie Illingworth, Howell Wong, Philippa Mothersill, Yann Helle and Lino Vital), Figure 6 (Part 4) (Stacey Sunderland, Christina Stampfli, Damon Millar, Joel Tomlinson, Prashant Jain and Sebastian Lee), and Figure 7 (Part 4) (Solomon Oniru, Clementine James, Olga Borets, Saravanogiri Manoharan, and Luke Trybula).

We also thank Professors David Begg, Principal of Imperial College Business School, and David Gann, Chair in Technology and Innovation Management, for their support to the activities of the Entrepreneurship Hub at Imperial College, which made the IE&D programme possible.

Finally, we’d like to thank the people at Elliott & Thompson for their support, advice, patience and, finally, gentle nudge to get on with it and complete the book, particularly chairman Lorne Forsyth, former and present publishers Mark Searle and Olivia Bays, project manager Jennie Condell and copy editor Kate O’Leary. We are also grateful to author and friend David Charters for introducing us to this affable publishing firm.

CONTENTS

Title Page

Acknowledgements

Introduction

I Idea creation and evaluation

1Understanding the fit between opportunities and ideas

2Fine-tuning demand-driven ideas and solutions

3Shaping applications from knowledge-driven ideas

Epilogue: the entrepreneurial business case

Copyright

INTRODUCTION

“When I was in college, guys usually pretended they were in a band…. Now they pretend they are in a start-up. ”

The entrepreneurial dream

Over the last 15 or so years, ‘entrepreneurship’ has become synonymous with ‘cool’. Paraphrasing the above quotation, you could say that garage rock has been replaced by garage start-ups.

Enterprise has also become a more accessible option for a larger group of people than previously, thanks to the advent of new technological opportunities. In the 1990s, as the reach of the internet and world wide web spread beyond the academic and governmental space into the civilian and commercial arenas, new business models could be conceived to transfer normally face-to-face commercial interactions into the virtual world. Services could be automated and productised, customers could be reached and products downloaded globally, niche markets could be created and served in an economical and unprecedentedly profitable manner. A venture could be started at little cost by a few people tapping code on some computers. A relatively inexpensive website interface could replace a capital-intensive chain of bricks and mortar shops or branches, and a customer base could be built up quickly and ‘virally’.

Hence was born a new generation of technology entrepreneurs, whose celebrity status was achieved in record time and stretched beyond the ‘in’ community of Silicon Valley to the readership of the broadsheet dailies, not to mention television and films. From a business perspective, things became a little silly at the end of the 1990s, when many investors were willing to fund any revenue-less proposition that involved a website, but after the bubble burst a sobered-up new economy began to materialise in the new millennium.

Perhaps not sober enough, though. Entrepreneurship has turned into something of an industry in its own right, spawning a slew of how-to and how-I-did-it books, fanzine-like websites about the start-up scene, and blogs by entrepreneurs and venture capital investors. European universities have played catch-up with those in the US by setting up entrepreneurship centres, business plan competitions, start-up incubators and student entrepreneurship clubs. Politicians and policymakers sing the praises of technological innovators and entrepreneurs as the seeders of future economic growth, and sometimes create public agencies to promote enterprise culture. ‘Entrepreneurial attitude’ has also come to be considered a positive attribute in high-level job seekers.

Throughout this quasi-industry runs the inebriatingly romantic and inspirational image of the lone entrepreneur; something of a renegade and iconoclast, a charismatic autodidact with an unconventional dress sense (or perhaps none at all), who knows what people will want to purchase before they know it themselves. The archetypal entrepreneur’s start-up company generally begins its life in a shed, garage or student house (probably in California), an impressively contrasting image to that of the minnow firm’s subsequent expansion into a multi-billion-dollar company.

Why do we propose to join this industry by producing yet another book on entrepreneurship? First, because we have been coaching entrepreneurs since the mid-nineties and were deeply involved in a number of start-ups ourselves. Over time, we saw that the same sorts of problems were raised, almost repetitively, by the different entrepreneurs who came to us for help. Often, just one or two workshops gave them enough of a grounding to get started and overcome initial barriers to growing their ventures. We turned the vast amount of material accumulated through this experience into a core entrepreneurship programme at Imperial College Business School which, we think, has become rather good. This book is an extension of that programme and reflects our hands-on approach to coaching students through entrepreneurial projects and starting entrepreneurs on their journeys.

Second, because the above-mentioned typecast character and many books on entrepreneurship hail from the US, we think a need exists for a book which offers a European perspective, using European case studies and taking into account some of the challenges faced by European entrepreneurs, including the higher degree of scepticism and risk aversion generally found on this side of the Atlantic. The European entrepreneur does not necessarily fit the mythical American stereotype (and many US entrepreneurs probably don’t either). Many of the examples in this book thus provide useful guidance for UK and European entrepreneurs and students interested in entrepreneurship.

Third, because not every entrepreneurial light-bulb moment is destined to become the next Google. A tremendous amount of uncertainty surrounds every venture idea at its conception, and we hope that the structured approach presented here can help the reader to manage that uncertainty, by testing his early assumptions about a business idea and adjusting them, if need be, to end up with a more probable business proposition. We don’t want to take the excitement or vision out of entrepreneurship, but we do want to insert a bit of realism.

We also hope to convey some insights from academic research that may be applied in practical ways to the shaping of a business concept and the creation of a company – not as hard and fast rules but as initial aids to face the uncertainty inherent in a new venture with an open and dispassionate mind.

The lowest-common-denominator advice frequently given to novice or aspiring entrepreneurs tends to be construed by its recipients as:

• Get an idea and set out to write a business plan.

• Search for information in support of your idea to plug into the business plan (shoehorn it in, if necessary).

• Pitch the business plan confidently to investors and raise money.

However, we stress that, before you can convince an investor or even a customer, you need to convince yourself, with an argument that’s a little more than personal conviction or the citation of some high-level market figures from a generic industry report. That’s why we propose a book about putting together a business case for a new venture, not a book on how to write a business plan.

A business plan is simply a document describing the business you intend to start – essentially, what it will sell, how it will operate and how it will make money. An entrepreneurial business case is the rationale embedded in the business plan, explaining why the business is capable of thriving – the substance of your business plan. This book aims to provide the tools to build a credible rationale.

Entrepreneurial reality

Only 45 per cent of businesses started in the UK in 2002 survived the five years to 2007, and the average sales turnover for small and medium-sized enterprises (less than 250 employees, accounting for 99.9 per cent of UK businesses) in 2007 was £298,000. To reiterate, not all new businesses become Google. Note that these figures cover a period of relative economic prosperity, not a recession. Furthermore, these are general numbers referring to any type of new firm, including small businesses in mature, stable sectors, such as a local restaurant or corner shop.