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- Herausgeber: Packt Publishing
- Kategorie: Fachliteratur
- Sprache: Englisch
SAP HANA is a real-time applications platform that provides a multi-purpose, in-memory appliance. Decision makers in the organization can gain instant insight into business operations. Thus all the data available can be analysed and you can react to the changing business conditions rapidly to make decisions. The real-time platform not only empowers business users and top management to make decisions but also provides the capability to make decisions in real-time.A practical and comprehensive guide that helps you understand the power of SAP HANA’s real-time and in-memory capabilities. It also provides step-by-step instructions to exploit all the possible features of the SAP HANA database, enabling users to harness the full potential of this technology and its features.You will gain an understanding of real-time replications, effective data loading from various sources, how to load data, and how to create re-usable objects such as models and reports.Use this practical guide to enable or transform your business landscape by implementing SAP HANA to meet your business requirements. The book shows you how to load data from different types of systems, create models in SAP HANA, and consume data for decision-making. The book covers various tools at different stages creating models using SAP HANA Studio, and consuming data using reporting tools such as SAP BusinessObjects, SAP Lumira, and so on . This book also explains the in-depth architecture of SAP HANA to help you understand SAP HANA as an appliance, that is, a combination of hardware and software.The book covers the best practices to leverage SAP HANA’s in-memory technology to transform data into insightful information. It also covers technology landscaping, solution architecture, connectivity, data loading, and setting up the environment for modeling purpose (including setup of SAP HANA Studio).If you have an intention to start your career as SAP HANA Modeler, this book is the perfect start.
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Seitenzahl: 287
Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2013
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Table of Contents
SAP HANA Cookbook
SAP HANA Cookbook
Copyright © 2013 Packt Publishing
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Every effort has been made in the preparation of this book to ensure the accuracy of the information presented. However, the information contained in this book is sold without warranty, either express or implied. Neither the authors, nor Packt Publishing, and its dealers and distributors will be held liable for any damages caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly by this book.
Packt Publishing has endeavored to provide trademark information about all of the companies and products mentioned in this book by the appropriate use of capitals. However, Packt Publishing cannot guarantee the accuracy of this information.
First published: December 2013
Production Reference: 1171213
Published by Packt Publishing Ltd.
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ISBN 978-1-78217-762-3
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Cover Image by Sandeep Vaity (<[email protected]>)
Credits
Authors
Chandrasekhar Mankala
Ganesh Mahadevan V.
Reviewers
Isaias Barroso
Mahesh Kumar CV
Kapil Ratnani
Commissioning Editor
Kunal Parikh
Acquisition Editor
Kevin Colaco
Lead Technical Editors
Mayur Hule
Arun Nadar
Technical Editors
Manan Badani
Amit Singh
Project Coordinator
Shiksha Chaturvedi
Copy Editors
Roshni Banerjee
Tanvi Gaitonde
Mradula Hegde
Aditya Nair
Adithi Shetty
Proofreaders
Ameesha Green
Paul Hindle
Indexer
Monica Ajmera Mehta
Graphics
Ronak Dhruv
Abhinash Sahu
Production Coordinator
Kyle Albuquerque
Cover Work
Kyle Albuquerque
About the Authors
Chandrasekhar Mankala is an emerging technical architect in one of the top IT firms in South-east Asia. He has more than four years of IT experience in consulting and solution architecture roles in SAP portfolios. He has been interested in SAP from the beginning of his career, and has been one of the pioneers in utilizing the SAP HANA technology since its inception.
He has worked on implementation, design, and development, and also in go-live and production in various SAP projects in niche technologies such as BW, SAP HANA, and SAP BusinessObjects over his career.
He is certified in SAP HANA and SAP BusinessObjects.
Chandra is passionate about the SAP HANA technology and its evolution and roadmap, and is always learning new tools related to SAP HANA, Big Data, and in-memory technologies.
Apart from work, he enjoys listening to music and playing video games and cricket. He can be reached at <[email protected]>.
I'm very thankful to my parents for their constant prayers and blessings, which introduced me as an author to the world. I'd also like to thank my wife for supporting me during the project.
I want to thank my co-author, Ganesh, for the teamwork and co-operation throughout the project.
A big thanks to the entire Packt Publishing team—Veena, Kevin, Angel, Mayur, and Arun for guidance in the writing process. Also, big thanks to the reviewers for reviewing and providing valuable feedback.
Finally, I want to thank all my friends and colleagues, especially Srinivasrao Chandu, Venkat, and Sharath Borra for their support.
Sincere apologizes to all the people I didn't mention.
Ganesh Mahadevan V. is an adept professional in Information Technology services with nearly eight years of extensive experience in software development, delivery, solution architecting, presales consulting, and business development.
Ganesh has been the Strategic Lead for the SAP HANA technology in the South-east Asian market, and has acquired extensive expertise in collecting business requirements, conducting blueprinting workshops, customer know-how awareness, campaigns, and designing and developing applications using SAP BusinessObjects, SAP HANA, and the SAP real-time data platform.
He has relentless passion and deep expertise in data warehousing, Business Intelligence, Analytics, Big Data, and in-memory technology, and has been a speaker at various tech forums.
He has held senior positions in Analytics, IMDB, and PreSales; currently, he is a Solution Champion/Campaign Manager for the SEA ASEAN region for innovative technology—SAP HANA, SAP Real-Time Data Platform, and Analytics.
He has been involved in sales campaigns and customer workshops for CXOs with various stake holders in the region (oCXO, Business Transformation Managers, and IT heads) on SAP HANA, including real-time data platforms (Hadoop, Web Crawler, SAP HANA, Sybase IQ, SAP Data Services, and SAP BOBJ Metadata Management). He is a testing partner in various SAP products such as Lumira, Predictive Analytics, and Mobile Apps. He was involved in building solutions to GTM and played a major role in building various IS solutions.
He has maintained and strategized a persistent process in maintaining the demo landscape to discover the right business value pertaining to industries and in an innovative approach. He was the Solutions Captain for SAP HANA, SAP Real-Time Data Platform (Sybase IQ), Machine-to-Machine (M2M), and SAP BusinessObjects BI Solutions.
He lives in Bangalore with his wife and his hobbies are reading books, swimming, and politics.
I would like to acknowledge and thank the Almighty and my family members: my dad, mom, my wife, and my father-in-law for their extended support to make this book happen.
I wish to thank my co-author, who is my friend and colleague, Mr. Chandra, for his impeccable support and meticulous attitude that he carried throughout the course of authoring.
I'd also like to thank our core committee team from Packt Publishing: Angel, Shiksha, Mayur, Kevin, and the entire team for choosing us by giving us a great opportunity and their tremendous support in bringing this book to a closure.
I also want to thank my friends who extended their support and encouragement in various aspects: Venkateswarulu, Srinivas Chandu, and Prashant Kulkarni.
Last but not least, I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude to SAP for the invention of this great innovative and trendsetting technology, SAP HANA, which is not only enabling businesses with the advent of in-memory and real-time analytics, but is also going to be a pioneer in transforming businesses by harnessing its potential.
About the Reviewers
Isaias Barroso is a software architect who currently lives in Brazil. He is a specialist in high-performance and resilient software development, and he is responsible for Big Data technologies (SAP HANA, Hadoop, Pig, Hive, and so on) at the company he works for. He uses Java, Scala, and Groovy as the base programming languages for the development of projects, and he is always open to learning new programming languages that could help improve the readability and performance of code. He has architected and developed systems for many industries using different technologies over his career.
He is interested in machine learning and statistics applied on data analysis. SAP HANA is being used by him for the development of products to improve efficiency and predictive analysis for SAP HANA customers.
Mahesh Kumar CV has spent 10 years in SAP consultancy with extensive experience in the field of SAP Analytics (BW/HANA). He is a solution architect with progressive experience in design/development and consulting in SAP, specializing in SAP HANA 1.0 SP06, SAP NetWeaver Business Warehouse and BusinessObjects Reporting Tools, and especially in SAP BW/BOBJ, with subject-matter expertise in the Business Intelligence domain integrating to SAP HANA.
His experience includes end-to-end implementations, support, upgrades, and roll-up projects, as well as solution architecture and PreSales.
He is currently working as a Senior Manager in Big Data CoE at Rolta India Pvt Ltd. In the past, he has worked with CSC India Pvt Ltd, IBM India Pvt Ltd, and MindTree. His key recognitions include being a SAP mentor, SAP Topic Leader 2013 in SAP HANA Developer Center, and SAP Topic Leader 2013 in SAP HANA and In-Memory Business Data Management.
Kapil Ratnani is a software developer at SAP Labs, Bangalore, India. He holds a Master's degree in Information Technology from IIIT Bangalore. At SAP, he mainly focuses on mobile-application development and SAP HANA for backend processing. Apart from working at SAP, he has contributed to open source projects such as Notepad++, and has also launched his own open source projects such as Django_HANA and HANA SQLScript Formatter. When he is not coding, he can be found cycling around Bangalore.
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Preface
SAP HANA (High-Performance Analytical Appliance) is an in-memory, column store database that supports real-time data loads and analytics. As the name conveys, SAP HANA is an appliance combining hardware and software. SAP has been providing business applications for different domains for many years. Now, it has come up with a game-changing database platform that helps a business to run faster and analyze decision-making in real time, thus helping users to analyze data within seconds.
In SAP HANA, both analytical and transactional data is stored. Along with this, analysis of the data combination is possible on-the-fly. SAP HANA unleashes the potential to analyze Big Data in real time, which includes structured and unstructured data. SAP HANA also supports data warehousing in which existing SAP NetWeaver Business Warehouse (SAP BW) models to SAP HANA and makes decisions on top of this. SAP HANA also possesses libraries that support predictive, spatial, and textual analysis, which can be run on multiple data sources.
What this book covers
Chapter 1, SAP HANA Studio – Look and Feel, gives an introduction to SAP HANA Studio, the GUI which will be used throughout the book for almost all the recipes.
Chapter 2, Data Provisioning, provides recipes on how to load data into SAP HANA using different tools. The source system for the data can be either SAP or non-SAP systems. Moreover, as SAP HANA supports real-time analysis, a selection of tools and the types of data load will also be covered. Recipes in this chapter help in deciding on and implementing the solutions.
Chapter 3, Modeling, shows how to create models in SAP HANA. The models created will be exposed for reporting. Once we have data in physical tables, we create models in SAP HANA that help us to analyze data on-the-fly.
Chapter 4, Reporting, shows how to create reports on top of SAP HANA models and consume data for analysis. Different people in the organization use the same data in different ways for their analysis. Recipes in this chapter will help us learn how to do analysis using different reporting tools on top of SAP HANA.
Chapter 5, Advanced Features in SAP HANA, helps you learn how to work with advanced features such as hierarchies and currency conversion in SAP HANA. The recipes in this chapter may not be useful in all situations, but they help in complex scenarios.
Chapter 6, User Management, introduces the basics of administration in SAP HANA, which covers user role creation, assigning them, and how they work.
Appendix A, Introduction to SAP HANA, gives a basic idea of what SAP HANA is by describing the features and comparing it with traditional databases available on the market.
Appendix B, Architecture, explains the core architecture in detail with all the components of SAP HANA.
Appendix C, Applications Powered by SAP HANA, shows how SAP HANA can be used as a database in supporting other applications.
What you need for this book
There are different SAP HANA editions offered by SAP. We need to have any one edition installed:
Software component
Enterprise edition extended
Enterprise edition
Platform edition
HANA Studio
X
X
X
HANA Information Composer
X
X
X
HANA Client
X
X
X
HANA Client for Excel
X
X
X
HANA User Interface for information access
X
X
X
HANA Database
X
X
X
HANA Host Agent
X
X
X
Diagnostics Agent
X
X
X
BusinessObjects Data Services
X
X
HANA Direct Extractor Connection (DXC)
X
X
Landscape Transformation Add-on (SLT)
X
X
Landscape Transformation Replication Server
X
X
HANA Load Controller (LC)
X
Sybase Replication Server and Agent
X
Sybase Adaptive Server Enterprise (ASE)
X
Who this book is for
If you are a beginner and you consider yourself as a future SAP HANA modeler, then this is the perfect book for you. You should have basic knowledge of RDBMS concepts and SQL to start preparing the recipes that are covered in this book.
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Chapter 1. SAP HANA Studio – Look and Feel
In this chapter, we will cover:
Introduction
This chapter discusses SAP HANA Studio. It covers the technology used in developing the SAP HANA Studio interface, how to navigate the different options available, the operations supported, and so on.
Understanding SAP HANA Studio
This recipe introduces you to why and where SAP HANA Studio is used. We will also look at how SAP HANA Studio has been developed and the technologies used behind its development.
How it works…
SAP HANA Studio runs on the Eclipse platform and is both the central development environment and the main administration tool for SAP HANA. SAP HANA Studio is used by administrators to administer activities, such as to start and stop services, monitor the system, configure system settings, and manage users and authorizations. SAP HANA Studio interacts with the servers of the SAP HANA database by using SQL. Developers use SAP HANA Studio for content creation such as information views and stored procedures. These development objects are stored in the SAP HANA repository. SAP HANA Studio is developed in the Java language and is based on the Eclipse platform.
SAP HANA Studio is the interface between the HANA database and the reporting layer or the HANA database and the presentation layer. It is the area where we design our models (for example, data models—3NF, 5NF, dimension models—based on star schema where we have facts, dimensions, and so on). SAP HANA Studio is a collection of applications for the SAP HANA appliance software. It enables developers, modelers, or technical users to work on development activities of the SAP HANA database. These activities include creating/managing user authorizations and building models, which can be creating new or editing existing models of data in the SAP HANA database. SAP HANA Studio is a client environment which can be used to access the SAP HANA database. The database can be located in the same environment or at a remote location.
There's more…
Platforms supported
SAP HANA Studio runs on the Eclipse platform Version 3.6. SAP HANA Studio can be used on the following platforms:
System requirements
Java JRE 1.6 or 1.7 must be installed to run SAP HANA Studio. The path variable parameters have to be set for JRE. The correct Java variant installation has to be selected accordingly, 32 bit or 64 bit.
Installation paths
An installation path has to be defined while installing, otherwise default values will be applied, as shown:
See also
Switching between different views – perspectives
We use the same IDE, SAP HANA Studio, for different activities, such as modeling, administration, and transports. The corresponding perspective has to be set to perform these respective activities. This recipe explains in detail about the perspectives available.
Getting ready
SAP HANA Studio presents its various tools in the form of perspectives.
A perspective contains specific task- or resource-related functions. It determines which views and editors are available and controls what appears in certain menus and toolbars for the developers, modelers, or technical users to leverage based on the requirements.
Database administration and monitoring features are contained primarily within the Administration Console perspective. There are other perspectives as well, which include Modeler, SAP HANA Development, Debug, and Lifecycle Management, as shown in the following screenshot:
How it works…
There are several key Eclipse perspectives that you will use while developing; however, these are the major ones that are used predominantly:
How to do it…
From the Window menu, select Open Perspective and change the perspective accordingly. At the bottom of the menu, we can see the Other option, from where we can access other perspectives as well, as shown in the following screenshot:
In the top-right corner of SAP HANA Studio, we have an option to open the available perspectives and change them.
By clicking on the icon, we can navigate between perspectives.
There's more…
The previously mentioned perspectives are the most frequently used. Other than these, we have another perspective, which is the PlanViz perspective. This perspective is used when we use the visualize plan for an SQL code.
See also
Navigating SAP HANA Studio – the Navigator Pane
When we log on to SAP HANA Studio, this is the place through which we can access all the objects—schemas, tables, procedures, information views, and so on. We can see this pane on the left side of the studio. This recipe discusses the different actions that can be performed from the Navigator Pane.
Getting ready
SAP HANA Studio is client software deployed on local machines which is used to connect to the SAP HANA server (database). For this, we have to add the system with all the details in the Navigator Pane. It is this pane that we will be navigating to access objects in the database and achieve tasks, as shown in the following screenshot:
At first look, the pane looks empty as we don't have any systems added. Once we add systems, we can browse through all the content. We can connect to multiple HANA databases from a single studio. Let us say that, a company has multiple HANA servers across the landscape—Development, Quality, and Production. Individual entries have to be added for each system and connected to the same.
The options in the Navigator Pane depend on the opened perspective. When we are in the Modeler perspective, we will see only the available systems and the objects. The content differs with the SAP HANA Development perspective or Debug perspective. This can be seen in the following screenshot:
How it works…
There are other options in the top portion of the Navigator Pane to monitor system health, administration, the SQL console, and so on. We will look at all the available options in detail.
System Monitor
We can monitor the system using the option. When we click on this button, details of all the available systems will be displayed. By default, information available in the memory, used memory, and so on will be displayed system wise. These results can be configured with what data needs to be displayed on the monitor screen. We can further drill down to the administration mode from this menu. Just a double-click on the system will take us to the administration section of that system, as shown in the following screenshot:
Administration
The option helps us with the administration of a particular system. More details on this option will be covered in the Administering SAP HANA – the Administration Console perspective recipe of this chapter.
As we deal with the administration of the system, this completely depends on the roles and authorizations we possess in the system.
SQL Console
The option opens up an SQL console, where we can write the SQL code for different purposes. We usually write the SQL code for DDL/DML/TCL operations, such as creating/altering a table, inserting/updating/previewing/deleting data contents of a table, or committing updates. The code written in this is reusable. We can save the code as a file on our local PC and use the same code in the future.
