Networking All-in-One For Dummies E-Book

Doug Lowe

• Herausgeber: John Wiley & Sons
• Kategorie: Wissenschaft und neue Technologien
• Sprache: Englisch
• Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2010

Seitenzahl: 1095

Beschreibung

The ultimate reference guide for network administrators Network administrators now have a single, convenient place toturn for all the information they need. Networking All-in-OneFor Dummies, 4th Edition is like ten books inone, covering such topics as networking basics, network security,setting up TCP/IP and connecting to the Internet, handling mobiledevices, and much more. This valuable book covers all the newestupdates and trends, including Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008R2. * A single-source reference for network administrators * Includes ten minibooks: Networking Basics; Building a Network;Network Administration and Security; TCP/IP and the Internet;Wireless Networking; Telecom, Convergence, and Mobile Devices;Windows Server 2008 Reference; Using Other Windows Servers; LinuxNetworking Reference; and Appendices * Explores the latest technologies in broadband, storage, andback-up * Delves into new trends in networking and includes the latestWindows Server 2008 R2 and Windows 7 updates System administrators will want to keep this practicalall-in-one guide within reach.

Leseprobe

Networking All-in-One For Dummies®, 4th Edition

Table of Contents

Introduction

About This Book

How to Use This Book

How This Book Is Organized

Book I: Networking Basics

Book II: Building a Network

Book III: Network Administration and Security

Book IV: TCP/IP and the Internet

Book V: Wireless Networking

Book VI: Mobile Networking

Book VII: Windows Server 2008 R2 Reference

Book VIII: Using Other Windows Servers

Book IX: Managing Linux Systems

Icons Used in This Book

Where to Go from Here

Book I: Networking Basics

Book I: Chapter 1: Understanding Networks

What Is a Network?

Network building blocks

Why bother?

Of Clients and Servers

Dedicated Servers and Peers

Networks Big and Small

Network Topology

Bus topology

Star topology

Expanding stars

Ring topology

Mesh topology

Book I: Chapter 2: Understanding Network Protocols and Standards

Understanding Protocols

Understanding Standards

The Seven Layers of the OSI Reference Model

The Physical Layer

The Data Link Layer

The Network Layer

The Transport Layer

The Session Layer

The Presentation Layer

The Application Layer

Following a Packet through the Layers

The Ethernet Protocol

Standard Ethernet

Fast Ethernet

Gigabit Ethernet

The TCP/IP Protocol Suite

IP

TCP

UDP

Other Protocols Worth Knowing About

Book I: Chapter 3: Understanding Network Hardware

Servers

What’s important in a server

Components of a server computer

Server form factors

Network Interface Cards

Network Cable

Coaxial cable

Twisted-pair cable

Switches

Repeaters

Bridges

Routers

Network Attached Storage

Network Printers

Book I: Chapter 4: Understanding Network Operating Systems

Network Operating System Features

Network support

File-sharing services

Multitasking

Directory services

Security services

Microsoft’s Server Operating Systems

Windows 2000 Server

Windows Server 2003

Windows Server 2008

Windows Server 2008 R2

Other Server Operating Systems

Linux

Apple Mac OS/X Server

Novell NetWare

Peer-to-Peer Networking with Windows

Advantages of peer-to-peer networks

Drawbacks of peer-to-peer networks

Windows 7

Windows Vista

Older Windows versions

Book II: Building a Network

Book II: Chapter 1: Planning a Network

Making a Network Plan

Being Purposeful

Taking Stock

What you need to know

Programs that gather information for you

To Dedicate or Not to Dedicate: That Is the Question

Types of Servers

File servers

Print servers

Web servers

Mail servers

Database servers

Choosing a Server Operating System

Planning the Infrastructure

Drawing Diagrams

Sample Network Plans

Building a small network: California Sport Surface, Inc.

Connecting two networks: Creative Course Development, Inc.

Improving network performance: DCH Accounting

Book II: Chapter 2: Installing Network Hardware

Installing a Network Interface Card

Installing Twisted-Pair Cable

Cable categories

What’s with the pairs?

To shield or not to shield

When to use plenum cable

Sometimes solid, sometimes stranded

Installation guidelines

Getting the tools that you need

Pinouts for twisted-pair cables

Attaching RJ-45 connectors

Crossover cables

Wall jacks and patch panels

Installing Coaxial Cable

Attaching a BNC Connector to Coaxial Cable

Installing Switches

Daisy-Chaining Switches

Book II: Chapter 3: Setting Up a Network Server

The Many Ways to Install a Network Operating System

Full install versus upgrade

Installing over the network

Automated and remote installations

Gathering Your Stuff

A capable server computer

The server operating system

Other software

A working Internet connection

A good book

Making Informed Decisions

Final Preparations

Installing a Network Operating System

Phase 1: Collecting Information

Phase 2: Installing Windows

Configuring Your Server

Book II: Chapter 4: Configuring Windows Clients

Configuring Network Connections

Configuring Windows XP network connections

Configuring Windows Vista network connections

Configuring Windows 7 network connections

Configuring Client Computer Identification

Configuring Windows XP computer identification

Configuring Windows Vista or Windows 7 computer identification

Configuring Network Logon

Book II: Chapter 5: Macintosh Networking

What You Need to Know to Hook Up a Macintosh Network

Mac networking protocols

Mac OS X Server

What You Need to Know to Use a Macintosh Network

Configuring a Mac for networking

Accessing a network printer

Sharing files with other users

Accessing shared files

What You Need to Know to Network Macintoshes with PCs

Book II: Chapter 6: Configuring Other Network Features

Configuring Network Printers

Adding a network printer

Accessing a network printer using a Web interface

Configuring Internet Access

Configuring clients for DHCP

Using Internet Connection Sharing

Mapping Network Drives

Book II: Chapter 7: Verifying Your Network Installation

Is the Computer Connected to the Network?

Is the Network Configuration Working?

Can the Computers Ping Each Other?

Can You Log On?

Are Network Drives Mapped Correctly?

Do Network Printers Work?

Book II: Chapter 8: Going Virtual

Understanding Virtualization

Looking at the Benefits of Virtualization

Getting Started with Virtualization

Creating a Virtual Machine

Book III: Network Administration and Security

Book III: Chapter 1: Help Wanted: Job Description for a Network Administrator

Knowing What Network Administrators Do

Choosing the Part-Time Administrator

Establishing Routine Chores

Managing Network Users

Patching Up Your Operating System and Software

Discovering Software Tools for Network Administrators

Building a Library

Getting Certified

CompTIA

Microsoft

Cisco

Gurus Need Gurus, Too

Helpful Bluffs and Excuses

Book III: Chapter 2: Security 101

Do You Need Security?

Considering Two Approaches to Security

Physical Security: Locking Your Doors

Securing User Accounts

Obfuscating your usernames

Using passwords wisely

A Password Generator For Dummies

Securing the Administrator account

Hardening Your Network

Using a firewall

Disabling unnecessary services

Patching your servers

Securing Your Users

Book III: Chapter 3: Managing User Accounts

Exploring What User Accounts Consist Of

Looking at Built-In Accounts

The Administrator account

The Guest account

Service accounts

Assigning User Rights

Controlling User Access with Permissions (Who Gets What)

Assigning Permissions to Groups

Understanding User Profiles

Automating Tasks with Logon Scripts

Book III: Chapter 4: Firewalls and Virus Protection

Firewalls

The Many Types of Firewalls

Packet filtering

Stateful packet inspection (SPI)

Circuit-level gateway

Application gateway

The Built-In Windows Firewall

Virus Protection

What is a virus?

Antivirus programs

Safe computing

Using Windows Action Center

Book III: Chapter 5: Extending Your Network with VPN Access

Understanding VPN

Looking at VPN Security

Understanding VPN Servers and Clients

Book III: Chapter 6: Managing Network Software

Understanding Software Licenses

Using a License Server

Options for Deploying Network Software

Deploying software manually

Running Setup from a network share

Installing silently

Creating an administrative installation image

Pushing out software with group policy

Keeping Software Up to Date

Book III: Chapter 7: Solving Network Problems

When Bad Things Happen to Good Computers

Fixing Dead Computers

Ways to Check a Network Connection

A Bunch of Error Messages Just Flew By!

Double-Checking Your Network Settings

Using the Windows Networking Troubleshooter

Time to Experiment

Who’s on First?

Restarting a Client Computer

Booting in Safe Mode

Using System Restore

Restarting Network Services

Restarting a Network Server

Looking at Event Logs

Documenting Your Trials and Tribulations

Book III: Chapter 8: Network Performance Anxiety

Why Administrators Hate Performance Problems

What Exactly Is a Bottleneck?

The Five Most Common Network Bottlenecks

The hardware inside your servers

The server’s configuration options

Servers that do too much

The network infrastructure

Malfunctioning components

Tuning Your Network the Compulsive Way

Monitoring Network Performance

More Performance Tips

Book III: Chapter 9: Backing Up Your Data

Backing Up Your Data

All about Tapes and Tape Drives

Backup Software

Types of Backups

Normal backups

Copy backups

Daily backups

Incremental backups

Differential backups

Local versus Network Backups

How Many Sets of Backups Should You Keep?

A Word about Tape Reliability

About Cleaning the Heads

Backup Security

Book III: Chapter 10: Disaster Recovery and Business Continuity Planning

Assessing Different Types of Disasters

Environmental disasters

Deliberate disasters

Disruption of services

Equipment failure

Other disasters

Analyzing the Impact of a Disaster

Developing a Business Continuity Plan

Holding a Fire Drill

Book IV: TCP/IP and the Internet

Book IV: Chapter 1: Introduction to TCP/IP and the Internet

What Is the Internet?

A Little Internet History

TCP/IP Standards and RFCs

The TCP/IP Protocol Framework

Network Interface layer

Network layer

Transport layer

Application layer

Book IV: Chapter 2: Understanding IP Addresses

Understanding Binary

Counting by ones

Doing the logic thing

Working with the binary Windows Calculator

Introducing IP Addresses

Networks and hosts

The dotted-decimal dance

Classifying IP Addresses

Class A addresses

Class B addresses

Class C addresses

Subnetting

Subnets

Subnet masks

Network prefix notation

Default subnets

The great subnet roundup

IP block parties

Private and public addresses

Network Address Translation

Book IV: Chapter 3: Using DHCP

Understanding DHCP

Configuration information provided by DHCP

DHCP servers

How DHCP actually works

Understanding Scopes

Feeling excluded?

Reservations suggested

How long to lease?

Working with a DHCP Server

Installing and configuring a DHCP server

Managing a DHCP server

How to Configure a Windows DHCP Client

Automatic Private IP Addressing

Renewing and releasing leases

Book IV: Chapter 4: Using DNS

Understanding DNS Names

Domains and domain names

Fully qualified domain names

Top-Level Domains

Generic domains

Geographic domains

The Hosts File

Understanding DNS Servers and Zones

Zones

Primary and secondary servers

Root servers

Caching

Understanding DNS Queries

A real-life DNS example

Zone Files and Resource Records

SOA records

NS records

A records

CNAME records

PTR records

MX records

Reverse Lookup Zones

Working with the Windows DNS Server

How to Configure a Windows DNS Client

Book IV: Chapter 5: Using FTP

Discovering FTP

Configuring an FTP Server

Installing FTP

Creating an FTP site

Changing the FTP site properties

Adding content to your FTP site

Accessing an FTP Site with a Browser

Using an FTP Command Line Client

FTP Command and Subcommand Reference

The FTP command

! (Escape)

? (Help)

append

ascii

bell

binary

bye

cd

close

debug

delete

dir

disconnect

get

glob

hash

help

lcd

literal

ls

mdelete

mdir

mget

mkdir

mls

mput

open

prompt

put

pwd

quit

quote

recv

remotehelp

rename

rmdir

send

status

trace

type

user

verbose

Book IV: Chapter 6: TCP/IP Tools and Commands

Using the arp Command

Using the hostname Command

Using the ipconfig Command

Displaying basic IP configuration

Displaying detailed configuration information

Renewing an IP lease

Releasing an IP lease

Flushing the local DNS cache

Using the nbtstat Command

Using the netdiag Utility

Using the netstat Command

Displaying connections

Displaying interface statistics

Using the nslookup Command

Looking up an IP address

Using nslookup subcommands

Displaying DNS records

Locating the mail server for an e-mail address

Taking a ride through DNS-Land

Using the pathping Command

Using the ping Command

Using the route Command

Displaying the routing table

Modifying the routing table

Using the tracert Command

Book V: Wireless Networking

Book V: Chapter 1: Setting Up a Wireless Network

Diving into Wireless Networking

A Little High School Electronics

Waves and frequencies

Wavelength and antennas

Spectrums and the FCC

Eight-Oh-Two-Dot-Eleventy Something? (Or, Understanding Wireless Standards)

Home on the Range

Wireless Network Adapters

Wireless Access Points

Infrastructure mode

Multifunction WAPs

Roaming

Wireless bridging

Ad-hoc networks

Configuring a Wireless Access Point

Basic configuration options

DHCP configuration

Configuring Windows XP for Wireless Networking

Using a Wireless Network with Windows XP

Connecting to a Wireless Network with Windows Vista

Connecting to a Wireless Network with Windows 7

Book V: Chapter 2: Securing a Wireless Network

Understanding Wireless Security Threats

Intruders

Freeloaders

Eavesdroppers

Spoilers

Rogue access points

What About Wardrivers and Warchalkers?

Wardriving

Warchalking

Securing Your Wireless Network

Changing the password

Securing the SSID

Enabling WEP

Using WPA

Using MAC address filtering

Placing your access points outside the firewall

Book V: Chapter 3: Hotspotting

What Is a Hotspot?

What’s So Great about Hotspots?

Safe Hotspotting

Free Hotspots

Fee-Based Hotspots

T-Mobile

Boingo

Setting Up Your Own Hotspot

Book V: Chapter 4: Troubleshooting a Wireless Network

Checking for Obvious Problems

Pinpointing the Problem

Changing Channels

Fiddle with the Antennas

Adding Another Access Point

Help! I Forgot My Router’s Password!

Book V: Chapter 5: Wireless Networking with Bluetooth

Understanding Bluetooth

Bluetooth Technical Stuff

How to Add Bluetooth to Your Computer

Using Bluetooth in Windows

Installing a USB Bluetooth Adapter

Enabling Discovery

Installing a Bluetooth Mouse or Keyboard

Book VI: Mobile Networking

Book VI: Chapter 1: Managing Mobile Devices

The Many Types of Mobile Devices

Considering Security for Mobile Devices

Book VI: Chapter 2: Managing BlackBerry Devices

Understanding BlackBerry

Adding a BES User

Locking and Erasing a Handheld

Book VI: Chapter 3: Managing iPhone Devices

Understanding the iPhone

Integrating iPhone with Exchange

Enabling Exchange Mobile Services

Enabling ActiveSync for a user’s mailbox

Configuring the iPhone for Exchange e-mail

Book VI: Chapter 4: Managing Android Devices

Understanding Android Phones

Looking at the Android Operating System

Perusing Android’s Core Applications

Integrating Android with Exchange

Book VI: Chapter 5: Managing Netbooks

Understanding Netbook Computers

Connecting with a Netbook

Tips for Using a Netbook Effectively

Book VII: Windows Server 2008 Reference

Book VII: Chapter 1: Installing and Configuring Windows Server 2008 R2

Planning a Windows Server Installation

Checking system requirements

Reading the release notes

Deciding whether to upgrade or install

Considering your licensing options

Thinking about multiboot

Choosing a file system

Planning your partitions

Deciding your TCP/IP configuration

Choosing workgroups or domains

Before You Install . . .

Backing up

Checking the event logs

Uncompressing data

Disconnecting UPS devices

Running Setup

Adding Server Roles and Features

Book VII: Chapter 2: Managing Windows Server 2008

Using the Administrator Account

Using Remote Desktop Connection

Enabling remote access

Connecting remotely

Using Microsoft Management Console

Working with MMC

An overview of the MMC consoles

Customizing MMC

Adding snap-ins

Adding taskpads

Book VII: Chapter 3: Dealing with Active Directory

What Directories Do

Remembering the Good-Ol’ Days of NT Domains

PDCs and BDCs

Trusts

NetBIOS names

Active Directory to the Rescue

Understanding How Active Directory Is Structured

Objects

Domains

Organizational units

Trees

Forests

Creating a Domain

Creating an Organizational Unit

Book VII: Chapter 4: Managing Windows User Accounts

Understanding Windows User Accounts

Local accounts versus domain accounts

User account properties

Creating a New User

Setting User Properties

Changing the user’s contact information

Setting account options

Specifying logon hours

Restricting access to certain computers

Setting the user’s profile information

Resetting User Passwords

Disabling and Enabling User Accounts

Deleting a User

Working with Groups

Group types

Group scope

Default groups

Creating a group

Adding a member to a group

User Profiles

Types of user profiles

Creating a roaming profile

Creating a Logon Script

Book VII: Chapter 5: Managing a File Server

Understanding Permissions

Understanding Shares

Configuring the File Server Role

Managing Your File Server

Using the Provision a Shared Folder Wizard

Sharing a folder without the wizard

Granting permissions

Book VII: Chapter 6: Using Group Policy

Understanding Group Policy

Enabling Group Policy Management on Windows Server 2008

Creating Group Policy Objects

Filtering Group Policy Objects

Book VII: Chapter 7: Troubleshooting

Working with the Event Viewer

Using the Event Viewer

Setting event log policies

Monitoring Performance

Using the Reliability and Performance Monitor

Creating performance logs

Using the Computer Management Console

Working with Services

Book VII: Chapter 8: Windows Commands

Using a Command Window

Opening and closing a command window

Editing commands

Using the Control menu

Special Command Tricks

Wildcards

Chaining commands

Redirection and piping

Environment variables

Batch files

The EventCreate Command

Net Commands

The Net Accounts command

The Net Computer command

The Net Config command

The Net Continue command

The Net File command

The Net Group command

The Net Help command

The Net Helpmsg command

The Net Localgroup command

The Net Name command

The Net Pause command

The Net Print command

The Net Send command

The Net Session command

The Net Share command

The Net Start command

The Net Statistics command

The Net Stop command

The Net Time command

The Net Use command

The Net User command

The Net View command

The RunAs Command

Book VIII: Using Other Windows Servers

Book VIII: Chapter 1: Using Internet Information System (IIS)

Installing IIS

Understanding the Default Web Site

Creating Web Sites

Book VIII: Chapter 2: Managing Exchange Server 2010

Creating a Mailbox

Managing Mailboxes

Enabling Mailbox Features

Creating a Forwarder

Setting Mailbox Storage Limits

Configuring Outlook for Exchange

Viewing Another Mailbox

Book VIII: Chapter 3: Using SQL Server 2008

What Is a Database?

What Is a Relational Database?

What Is SQL?

SQL dialects

SQL statements

Using the select statement

Installing SQL Server 2008

Using the SQL Server 2008 Management Studio

Creating a New Database

Creating Tables

Editing Tables

Working with Queries

Working with Scripts

Book VIII: Chapter 4: Using SharePoint

What Is SharePoint?

Connecting to a SharePoint Site

Adding Users

Adding and Removing Announcements

Creating New Pages

Editing the Quick Launch Menu

Working with Document Libraries

Book IX: Managing Linux Systems

Book IX: Chapter 1: Installing a Linux Server

Planning a Linux Server Installation

Checking system requirements

Choosing a distribution

Thinking about multiboot

Planning your partitions

Deciding on your TCP/IP configuration

Installing Fedora 7

Using the Setup Agent

Book IX: Chapter 2: Getting Used to Linux

Linux: It Isn’t Windows

X Window

Virtual consoles

Understanding the file system

On Again, Off Again

Logging on

Logging off

Shutting down

Using GNOME

Getting to a Command Shell

Managing User Accounts

Book IX: Chapter 3: Basic Linux Network Configuration

Using the Network Configuration Program

Restarting Your Network

Working with Network Configuration Files

The Network file

The ifcfg files

The Hosts file

The resolv.conf file

The nsswitch.conf file

The xinetd.conf file

Displaying Your Network Configuration with the ifconfig Command

Book IX: Chapter 4: Running DHCP and DNS

Running a DHCP Server

Installing DHCP

Configuring DHCP

Starting DHCP

Running a DNS Server

Installing BIND

Looking at BIND configuration files

Restarting BIND

Book IX: Chapter 5: Doing the Samba Dance

Understanding Samba

Installing Samba

Starting and Stopping Samba

Using the Samba Server Configuration Tool

Configuring server settings

Configuring Samba users

Creating a share

Editing the smb.conf File

Using the Samba Client

Book IX: Chapter 6: Running Apache

Installing Apache

Starting and Stopping Apache

Confirming that Apache Is Running

Using the HTTP Configuration Tool

Restricting Access to an Apache Server

Configuring Virtual Hosts

Configuring the default host

Creating a virtual host

Setting the Apache User Account

Manually Editing Apache’s Configuration Files

Creating Web Pages

Book IX: Chapter 7: Running Sendmail

Understanding E-Mail

Installing Sendmail

Modifying sendmail.mc

Enabling connections

Enabling masquerading

Setting up aliases

Using SpamAssassin

Installing SpamAssassin

Customizing SpamAssassin

Blacklisting and whitelisting e-mail addresses

Using the Mail Console Client

Using Evolution

Book IX: Chapter 8: Running FTP

Installing vsftpd

Starting the vsftpd Service

Configuring FTP

Book IX: Chapter 9: Linux Commands

Command Shell Basics

Getting to a shell

Editing commands

Wildcards

Redirection and piping

Environment variables

Shell scripts

Directory and File Handling Commands

The pwd command

The cd command

The mkdir command

The rmdir command

The ls command

The cp command

The rm command

The mv command

The touch command

The cat command

Commands for Working with Packages and Services

The service command

The rpm command

Commands for Administering Users

The useradd command

The usermod command

The userdel command

The chage command

The passwd command

The newusers command

The groupadd command

The groupdel command

The gpasswd command

Commands for Managing Ownership and Permissions

The chown command

The chgrp command

The chmod command

Networking Commands

The hostname command

The ifconfig command

The netstat command

The ping command

The route command

The traceroute command

Appendix A: Directory of Useful Web Sites

Appendix B: Glossary

Networking All-in-One For Dummies®, 4th Edition

by Doug Lowe

Networking All-in-One For Dummies®, 4th Edition

Published byWiley Publishing, Inc.111 River StreetHoboken, NJ 07030-5774www.wiley.com

Copyright © 2011 by Wiley Publishing, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana

Published simultaneously in Canada

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